-
1 liberty
nounFreiheit, dieyou are at liberty to come and go as you please — es steht Ihnen frei, zu kommen und zu gehen, wie Sie wollen
take the liberty to do or of doing something — sich (Dat.) die Freiheit nehmen, etwas zu tun
take liberties with somebody — sich (Dat.) Freiheiten gegen jemanden herausnehmen (ugs.)
take liberties with something — mit etwas allzu frei umgehen
* * *['libəti]1) (freedom from captivity or from slavery: He ordered that all prisoners should be given their liberty.) die Freiheit2) (freedom to do as one pleases: Children have a lot more liberty now than they used to.) die Freiheit3) ((especially with take) too great freedom of speech or action: I think it was (taking) a liberty to ask her such a question!) die Ungehörigkeit•- academic.ru/117170/liberties">liberties- take the liberty of* * *lib·er·ty[ˈlɪbəti, AM -ɚt̬i]n\liberty of action/conscience/speech Handlungs-/Gewissens-/Redefreiheit fto be at \liberty frei [o auf freiem Fuß[e]] seinto be at \liberty to do sth etw tun könnenare you at \liberty to reveal any names? dürfen Sie Namen nennen?you are at \liberty to refuse medical treatment es steht Ihnen frei, eine medizinische Behandlung abzulehnento give sb their \liberty jdm die Freiheit schenken2. (incorrect behaviour)it's [a bit of] a \liberty es ist [ein bisschen] unverschämtwhat a \liberty! das ist ja unerhört!to take liberties with sb sich dat bei jdm Freiheiten herausnehmenshe slapped his face for taking liberties sie gab ihm eine Ohrfeige dafür, dass er sich zu viel herausgenommen hatteto take liberties with sth etw [zu] frei handhabenher translation takes liberties with the original text ihre Übersetzung ist allerdings sehr freito take the \liberty of doing sth sich dat die Freiheit nehmen, etw zu tunI took the \liberty of borrowing your bicycle ich habe mir erlaubt, dein Fahrrad auszuleihen* * *['lIbətɪ]n1) Freiheit findividual liberty — die Freiheit des Einzelnen
to be at liberty (criminal etc) — frei herumlaufen
I am not at liberty to comment — es ist mir nicht gestattet, darüber zu sprechen
2)(= presumptuous action, behaviour)
I have taken the liberty of giving your name — ich habe mir erlaubt, Ihren Namen anzugebento take liberties with the truth — es mit der Wahrheit nicht so genau nehmen
what a liberty! (inf) — so eine Frechheit!
* * *liberty [ˈlıbə(r)tı] s1. Freiheit f:liberty of conscience Gewissensfreiheit;liberty of the press Pressefreiheit;liberty of speech Redefreiheit;liberty of thought Gedankenfreiheit2. Freiheit f, freie Wahl, Erlaubnis f:large liberty of action weitgehende Handlungsfreiheit4. Freiheit f, Privileg n, (Vor)Recht n5. Dreistigkeit f, (plumpe) Vertraulichkeit6. SCHIFF (kurzer) Landurlaub7. (beschränkte) Bewegungsfreiheit:he was given the liberty of the house er konnte sich im Haus frei bewegena) in Freiheit, frei, auf freiem Fuß,b) unbeschäftigt, frei,c) unbenutzt;be at liberty to do sth etwas tun dürfen; berechtigt sein, etwas zu tun;you are at liberty to go es steht Ihnen frei zu gehen, Sie können gern(e) gehen;set at liberty auf freien Fuß setzen, freilassen;take the liberty to do ( oder of doing) sth sich die Freiheit (heraus)nehmen oder sich erlauben, etwas zu tun;a) sich Freiheiten gegen jemanden herausnehmen,b) willkürlich mit etwas umgehen;he has taken liberties with the translation er hat sehr frei übersetzt* * *nounFreiheit, dieyou are at liberty to come and go as you please — es steht Ihnen frei, zu kommen und zu gehen, wie Sie wollen
take the liberty to do or of doing something — sich (Dat.) die Freiheit nehmen, etwas zu tun
take liberties with somebody — sich (Dat.) Freiheiten gegen jemanden herausnehmen (ugs.)
* * *n.Freiheit -en f. -
2 nombre
m.1 name (apelativo).de nombre Ricardo called Ricardo, Ricardo by nameen nombre de on behalf ofllamar a las cosas por su nombre to call a spade a spade¿qué nombre le vas a poner al perro? what are you going to call the dog?le pusieron el nombre de su abuelo they named him after o (British) for his grandfather (United States)no tener nombre to be unspeakablenombre y apellidos full namenombre artístico/comercial stage/trade namenombre de pila first o Christian namenombre de soltera maiden name2 reputation (fama).tener mucho nombre to be renowned o famous3 noun (grammar).nombre abstracto/colectivo abstract/collective nounnombre común/propio common/proper nounpres.subj.1st person singular (yo) Present Subjunctive of Spanish verb: nombrar.* * *1 name■ ¿este cheque va a su nombre? is this cheque in your name?2 LINGÚÍSTICA noun3 (fama) reputation\a nombre de in the name ofconocer a alguien de nombre to know somebody by nameen el nombre del Padre, del Hijo... in the name of the Father, the Son...en nombre de on behalf ofllamar a las cosas por su nombre figurado to call a spade a spadeno tener nombre figurado to be unspeakablenombre artístico stage namenombre comercial trade namenombre de guerra nom de guerrenombre de pila first name, Christian namenombre propio proper nounnombre y apellidos full name sing* * *noun m.1) name2) noun* * *SM1) [de persona, cosa] namenombre y apellidos — name in full, full name
•
a nombre de, un sobre a nombre de... — an envelope addressed to...•
bajo el nombre de — under the name of•
de nombre — by name•
en nombre de — in the name of, on behalf of¡abran en nombre de la ley! — open up in the name of the law!
•
poner nombre a — to call, name¿qué nombre le van a poner? — what are they going to call him?
•
por nombre — by the name of, called•
sin nombre — namelessno tener nombre —
nombre artístico — [de escritor] pen-name, nom de plume; [de actor] stage name
nombre de bautismo — christian name, given name (EEUU)
nombre de fichero — (Inform) file name
nombre de pila — first name, Christian name, given name (EEUU)
2) (Ling) noun3) (=reputación) name, reputationse ha hecho un nombre en el mundo editorial — she's made a name for herself in the world of publishing
un médico de nombre — a famous o renowned doctor
* * *1)a) (de cosa, persona, animal) name¿cuál es el nombre de la compañía? — what's the name of the company?
nombre completo o nombre y apellidos — full name, name in full
¿qué nombre le pusieron? — what did they call him?
le pusieron el nombre de su padrino — they named him for (AmE) o (BrE) after his godfather
en nombre de — ( en representación de) on behalf of; ( apelando a) in the name of
a nombre de: un paquete a nombre de... a package addressed to...; un cheque a nombre de... a check made payable to o made out to...; llamar a las cosas por su nombre to call a spade a spade; no tiene nombre: lo que ha hecho no tiene nombre — what she has done is unspeakable
b) ( sobrenombre)2) (Ling) noun3) ( fama)* * *= label, name, nomenclature, noun, denomination.Ex. There are a number of types of abstracts or labels that can be applied to abstracts.Ex. This access is achieved by organising the tools so that a user may search under a specific access point or heading or index term, for example, subject term, author, name, title, date.Ex. Publishers attempting to cut through this nomenclature morass can check with the library's administration.Ex. Such lists will embody for example, singular or plural, nouns or adjectives.Ex. This paper presents a survey of denominations used by industrial property offices for the various kinds of patent documents published by them.----* abreviatura del nombre del campo = tag.* acción de dar un nombre a Algo = naming.* a nombre de = payable to.* asignación de nombre = labelling [labeling, -USA].* asignación de nombres = namespace.* autoridad de nombre = name authority.* barajar nombres = bandy + names.* cambio de nombre = rebranding.* clave de búsqueda por nombre de autor = author key.* Cooperativa para Autoridades de Nombre (NACO) = Name Authority Cooperative (NACO).* dar a Algo el nombre de = earn + Nombre + the name of.* dar el nombre = label.* dar un nuevo nombre = rename.* encabezamiento de nombre = name heading.* encabezamiento de nombre corporativo = corporate name heading.* encabezamiento de nombre personal = personal name heading.* encabezamientos de nombre y título = name-title headings.* en nombre de = in the name of, on behalf of [in behalf of; on + Nombre + behalf], in + Nombre + behalf [in/on behalf of].* entrada de nombre = name entry.* entrada de nombre personal = personal name entry.* etiqueta con el nombre = name tag.* extensión del nombre del fichero = file name extension.* fichero de autoridades de nombres = name authority file.* hacer honor al nombre de Uno = live up to + Posesivo + name.* hacer un pago a nombre de = make + payment payable to.* índice de nombres = name index.* inicial del primer nombre de pila = first initial.* inicial del segundo nombre de pila de una persona = middle initial.* llamar las cosas por su nombre = call + a spade a spade.* Nombre + a gran escala = broad scale + Nombre.* Nombre + a + Nombre = Nombre + by + Nombre.* nombre completo = full name.* nombre compuesto = double-barrelled name.* nombre compuesto por varias palabras = multiple-word name.* nombre común = common name.* nombre con prefijo = prefixed name.* nombre convencional = conventional name.* nombre corporativo = corporate name.* nombre de acceso = login.* nombre de acceso al sistema = system logon name.* nombre de archivo = file name.* nombre de autor = author name.* nombre de casta = caste name.* nombre de compañía = company name.* nombre de dominio = domain name.* nombre de fichero = filename.* nombre del archivo = data set name.* nombre del campo = field name.* nombre del editor = publisher's name.* nombre de lugar = place name.* nombre de materia = subject name.* nombre de nacimiento = née.* nombre de pila = Christian name, first name, given name.* nombre de pila segundo = middle name.* nombre de pluma = pen name.* nombre de usuario = user ID, username, user's name.* nombre dinástico = dynastic name.* nombre geográfico = geographic name, geographical name.* Nombre + mío = Nombre + of mine.* Nombre + mismo = very + Nombre.* nombre muy conocido = household name, household word.* nombre personal = personal name.* nombre poco apropiado = misnomer.* nombre predominante = predominant name.* nombre propio = forename, given name, proper name.* Nombre Propio + padre = senior + Nombre Propio.* Nombre + que me rodea = Nombre + round me.* Nombre + real = majesty's + Nombre.* Nombre + relacionado con = Nombre + involved.* Nombre + tras + Nombre = in + Nombre + after + Nombre, Nombre + after + Nombre.* nombre verbal = verbal noun.* nombre y apellidos = full name.* pantalla de resumen de nombres = name summary screen.* que no se le puede dar un nombre = unnameable.* que se le puede dar un nombre = nameable.* rellenar a nombre de = make out to.* secuencia ordenada alfabéticamente por el nombre del autor = author sequence.* sólo de nombre = in name only.* todas las iniciales del nombre propio = full initials.* URN (Nombre Uniforme de Recursos) = URN (Uniform Resource Name).* * *1)a) (de cosa, persona, animal) name¿cuál es el nombre de la compañía? — what's the name of the company?
nombre completo o nombre y apellidos — full name, name in full
¿qué nombre le pusieron? — what did they call him?
le pusieron el nombre de su padrino — they named him for (AmE) o (BrE) after his godfather
en nombre de — ( en representación de) on behalf of; ( apelando a) in the name of
a nombre de: un paquete a nombre de... a package addressed to...; un cheque a nombre de... a check made payable to o made out to...; llamar a las cosas por su nombre to call a spade a spade; no tiene nombre: lo que ha hecho no tiene nombre — what she has done is unspeakable
b) ( sobrenombre)2) (Ling) noun3) ( fama)* * *= label, name, nomenclature, noun, denomination.Ex: There are a number of types of abstracts or labels that can be applied to abstracts.
Ex: This access is achieved by organising the tools so that a user may search under a specific access point or heading or index term, for example, subject term, author, name, title, date.Ex: Publishers attempting to cut through this nomenclature morass can check with the library's administration.Ex: Such lists will embody for example, singular or plural, nouns or adjectives.Ex: This paper presents a survey of denominations used by industrial property offices for the various kinds of patent documents published by them.* abreviatura del nombre del campo = tag.* acción de dar un nombre a Algo = naming.* a nombre de = payable to.* asignación de nombre = labelling [labeling, -USA].* asignación de nombres = namespace.* autoridad de nombre = name authority.* barajar nombres = bandy + names.* cambio de nombre = rebranding.* clave de búsqueda por nombre de autor = author key.* Cooperativa para Autoridades de Nombre (NACO) = Name Authority Cooperative (NACO).* dar a Algo el nombre de = earn + Nombre + the name of.* dar el nombre = label.* dar un nuevo nombre = rename.* encabezamiento de nombre = name heading.* encabezamiento de nombre corporativo = corporate name heading.* encabezamiento de nombre personal = personal name heading.* encabezamientos de nombre y título = name-title headings.* en nombre de = in the name of, on behalf of [in behalf of; on + Nombre + behalf], in + Nombre + behalf [in/on behalf of].* entrada de nombre = name entry.* entrada de nombre personal = personal name entry.* etiqueta con el nombre = name tag.* extensión del nombre del fichero = file name extension.* fichero de autoridades de nombres = name authority file.* hacer honor al nombre de Uno = live up to + Posesivo + name.* hacer un pago a nombre de = make + payment payable to.* índice de nombres = name index.* inicial del primer nombre de pila = first initial.* inicial del segundo nombre de pila de una persona = middle initial.* llamar las cosas por su nombre = call + a spade a spade.* Nombre + a gran escala = broad scale + Nombre.* Nombre + a + Nombre = Nombre + by + Nombre.* nombre completo = full name.* nombre compuesto = double-barrelled name.* nombre compuesto por varias palabras = multiple-word name.* nombre común = common name.* nombre con prefijo = prefixed name.* nombre convencional = conventional name.* nombre corporativo = corporate name.* nombre de acceso = login.* nombre de acceso al sistema = system logon name.* nombre de archivo = file name.* nombre de autor = author name.* nombre de casta = caste name.* nombre de compañía = company name.* nombre de dominio = domain name.* nombre de fichero = filename.* nombre del archivo = data set name.* nombre del campo = field name.* nombre del editor = publisher's name.* nombre de lugar = place name.* nombre de materia = subject name.* nombre de nacimiento = née.* nombre de pila = Christian name, first name, given name.* nombre de pila segundo = middle name.* nombre de pluma = pen name.* nombre de usuario = user ID, username, user's name.* nombre dinástico = dynastic name.* nombre geográfico = geographic name, geographical name.* Nombre + mío = Nombre + of mine.* Nombre + mismo = very + Nombre.* nombre muy conocido = household name, household word.* nombre personal = personal name.* nombre poco apropiado = misnomer.* nombre predominante = predominant name.* nombre propio = forename, given name, proper name.* Nombre Propio + padre = senior + Nombre Propio.* Nombre + que me rodea = Nombre + round me.* Nombre + real = majesty's + Nombre.* Nombre + relacionado con = Nombre + involved.* Nombre + tras + Nombre = in + Nombre + after + Nombre, Nombre + after + Nombre.* nombre verbal = verbal noun.* nombre y apellidos = full name.* pantalla de resumen de nombres = name summary screen.* que no se le puede dar un nombre = unnameable.* que se le puede dar un nombre = nameable.* rellenar a nombre de = make out to.* secuencia ordenada alfabéticamente por el nombre del autor = author sequence.* sólo de nombre = in name only.* todas las iniciales del nombre propio = full initials.* URN (Nombre Uniforme de Recursos) = URN (Uniform Resource Name).* * *A1 (de una cosa) name¿cuál es el nombre de la compañía? what's the name of the company?, what's the company called?2 (de una persona, un animal) nameescriba su nombre completo or su nombre y apellidos write your full name o your name in full¿qué nombre le pusieron? what did they call him?, what name did they give him?responde al nombre de Bobi he answers to the name of Bobinombre de mujer/varón girl's/boy's nameestudiante sólo de nombre student in name onlysólo lo conozco de nombre I only know him by namecierto caballero de nombre Armando ( frml o hum); a certain gentleman by the name of Armando ( frmlor hum)llamar a algn por el nombre to call sb by their first nameen nombre de (en representación de) in ( AmE) o on ( esp BrE) behalf of; (apelando a) in the name ofen nombre del director y en el mío propio in o on behalf of the director and myselfen nombre de la justicia/libertad in the name of justice/freedomen el nombre del Padre y del Hijo y del Espíritu Santo in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit o Ghost ( ant)a nombre de: un paquete a nombre de … a package addressed to …un cheque a nombre de … a check made payable to o made out to …llamar a las cosas por su nombre to call a spade a spadeno tiene nombre: lo que les ha hecho a sus padres no tiene nombre what she has done to her parents is unspeakable o despicabletu egoísmo no tiene nombre your selfishness is beyond belief3(sobrenombre): a todos los profesores les pone nombre he gives all the teachers nicknamesmás conocida por el nombre de la Pasionaria better known as la PasionariaCompuestos:stage nametrade name● nombre de archivo or fichero( Inf) file name( Inf) domain namenom de guerreplace namefirst name, given name, Christian namenom de plume( Inf) pathnamemaiden name( Inf) username, user identificationB ( Ling) nounCompuestos:collective nouncompoundcommon nouncountable noun● nombre masivo or no contableuncountable o mass nounproper nounC1(fama): un científico de nombre a renowned o famous o well-known scientistun pianista de nombre en el mundo entero a pianist with a worldwide reputation o famous the world overhacerse un nombre en la vida to make a name for oneself2 (persona célebre) nameuno de los grandes nombres de nuestra historia one of the great names in our history* * *
Del verbo nombrar: ( conjugate nombrar)
nombré es:
1ª persona singular (yo) pretérito indicativo
nombre es:
1ª persona singular (yo) presente subjuntivo3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) presente subjuntivo3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) imperativo
Multiple Entries:
nombrar
nombre
nombrar ( conjugate nombrar) verbo transitivo
◊ no lo volvió a nombre she never mentioned his name o him again
nombre sustantivo masculino
nombre artístico stage name;
nombre de pila first name, christian name;
nombre de soltera maiden name;
¿qué nombre le pusieron? what did they call him?;
lo conozco de nombre I know him by name;
en nombre de ( en representación de) on behalf of;
( apelando a) in the name of;
lo que ha hecho no tiene nombre what she has done is unspeakableb) (Ling) noun;
c) ( fama):
hacerse un nombre en la vida to make a name for oneself
nombrar verbo transitivo
1 (para un cargo) to appoint: le nombraron secretario general, he was appointed secretary general
nombrar a dedo, to handpick
2 (mencionar) to name, mention: ¡a ése ni me lo nombres!, don't even mention his name!
nombre sustantivo masculino
1 name: ¿cuál es su nombre de pila?, what's his Christian/first name? ➣ Ver nota en name 2 Ling noun
♦ Locuciones: llamar a las cosas por su nombre, to speak plainly
a nombre de, addressed to
en nombre de algo/alguien, on behalf of sthg/sb
' nombre' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
A
- abdomen
- actor
- alta
- alto
- Amberes
- Andorra
- aparecer
- buen
- cerdo
- chalet
- complemento
- cordera
- cordero
- decir
- durante
- ensuciar
- escriturar
- esculpir
- falsa
- falso
- fulana
- fulano
- guerra
- impronunciable
- infelicidad
- kamikaze
- Kuwait
- la
- ligarse
- llamar
- manchar
- monte
- no
- nominalmente
- Pakistán
- palmípeda
- palmípedo
- Paquistán
- París
- Pequín
- Persia
- Perú
- pila
- poner
- recibir
- recordar
- rey
- señor
- Sofía
English:
abandon
- abandoned
- abbey
- abbot
- abbreviation
- ABC
- abdication
- abdomen
- aberration
- ability
- abolition
- aborigine
- abrasive
- absence
- absentee
- absorption
- abstainer
- abstention
- abstinence
- abundance
- abuse
- abyss
- academic
- academic year
- academy
- acceleration
- accelerator
- accent
- acceptance
- access
- access road
- accessory
- accident
- acclaim
- accomplice
- accomplishment
- accord
- accordance
- accordion
- account
- accountancy
- accountant
- accumulation
- accuracy
- accusation
- accused
- ace
- acetate
- acetone
- ache
* * *nombre nm1. [apelativo] name;un vecino, de quien no diré el nombre, avisó a la policía a neighbour, who shall remain nameless, told the police;a nombre de [carta, sobre, paquete] addressed to;[cheque] made out to; [cuenta bancaria] in the name of; [propiedades] belonging to;quiero abrir una cuenta a nombre de mi hijo I'd like to open an account for my son;se le conoce con el nombre de laparoscopia it is known as a laparoscopy;de nombre Juan called Juan;en nombre de [representando a] on behalf of;en (el) nombre de Dios/de la democracia in the name of God/democracy;en el nombre del Padre… [al rezar] in the name of the Father…;llamar a alguien por el nombre to call sb by his/her first name;¿qué nombre le vas a poner al perro? what are you going to call the dog?;santificado sea tu nombre [en padrenuestro] hallowed be thy name;Humesto de jardín sólo tiene el nombre you call this a garden?;como su propio nombre indica… as its name indicates o suggests…;llamar a las cosas por su nombre to call a spade a spade;no tener nombre [ser indignante] to be outrageousnombre y apellidos full name;nombre artístico stage name;Am nombre de batalla nom de guerre;nombre científico [de planta, animal] scientific name;nombre comercial trade name;nombre completo full name;nombre compuesto = two-part Christian name;nombre común [de planta, animal] common name;Informát nombre de dominio domain name;nombre de guerra nom de guerre;nombre de lugar place name;nombre de pila first o Christian name;nombre de soltera maiden name;Informát nombre de usuario user name2. [fama] name, reputation;hacerse un nombre (como) to make a name for oneself (as);manchar el buen nombre de alguien/algo to tarnish sb's/sth's good name;tener buen/mal nombre to have a good/bad name;tener mucho nombre to be renowned o famous3. Gram nounnombre abstracto abstract noun;nombre colectivo collective noun;nombre común common noun;nombre propio proper noun* * *m1 name;un barco de nombre desconocido a boat whose name is not known, an unknown boat;un caballo de nombre Arquero a horse by the name of Arquero, a horse called Arquero;es abogado sólo de nombre he is a lawyer in name only;de nombre amenazador with a threatening sounding name;llamar las cosas por su nombre call a spade a spade;no tener nombre fig be inexcusable2 GRAM noun* * *nombre nm1) : namenombre de pluma: pseudonym, pen nameen nombre: on behalf ofsin nombre: nameless2) : nounnombre propio: proper noun3) : fame, renown* * *nombre n1. (en general) name2. (sustantivo) noun"gato" es un nombre "cat" is a nounnombre de pila first name / Christian name -
3 señor
adj.mister, Mr., Mr.m.1 gentleman, lord, gent.2 sir, mister.3 Lord.4 master.* * *► adjetivo1 (noble) distinguished, noble2 familiar fine► nombre masculino,nombre femenino2 (amo - hombre) master; (- mujer) mistress4 (tratamiento - hombre) sir; (- mujer) madam, US ma'am■ buenos días, señora good morning, madam5 (ante apellido - hombre) Mr; (- mujer) Mrs■ el Sr. Rodríguez Mr Rodríguez7 (en carta - hombre) Sir; (- mujer) Madam1 RELIGIÓN the Lord1 good Lord!\ser todo un señor / ser toda una señora to be a real gentleman / be a real lady¡señoras y señores! ladies and gentlemen!el señor de la casa / la señora de la casa the gentleman of the house / the lady of the houseNuestro Señor / Nuestra Señora Our Lord / Our Ladyseñor feudal feudal lord* * *noun m.1) gentleman2) sir3) owner, master4) mister5) lord* * *señor, -a1. ADJ1) * [antes de sustantivo] [uso enfático] great big *2) (=libre) free, at libertyeres muy señor de hacerlo si quieres — you're quite free o at liberty to do so if you want
2. SM / F1) (=persona madura) man o más frm gentleman/ladyha venido un señor preguntando por ti — there was a man o más frm a gentleman here asking for you
2) (=dueño) [de tierras] owner; [de criado, esclavo] master/mistress¿está la señora? — is the lady of the house in?
3) [fórmula de tratamiento]a) [con apellido] Mr/Mrslos señores Centeno y Sánchez tuvieron que irse antes — frm Messrs Centeno and Sánchez had to leave early frm
b) * [con nombre de pila]buenos días, señor Mariano — [a Mariano Ruiz] good morning, Mr Ruiz
la señora María es de mi pueblo — [hablando de María Ruiz] Mrs Ruiz is from my village
c) [hablando directamente] sir/madamno se preocupe señor — don't worry, sir
¿qué desea la señora? — [en tienda] can I help you, madam?; [en restaurante] what would you like, madam?
¡oiga, señora! — excuse me, madam!
¡señoras y señores! — ladies and gentlemen!
d) [con nombre de cargo o parentesco]sí, señor juez — yes, my Lord
e) frm [en correspondencia]señor director — [en carta a periódico] Dear Sir
4) [uso enfático]pues sí señor, así es como pasó — yes indeed, that's how it happened
señora¡no señor, ahora no te vas! — oh no, you're not going anywhere yet!
5) [en letrero]3. SM1) ( Hist) lord2) (Rel)* * *I- ñora adjetivo (delante del n) (fam) ( uso enfático)II- ñora1)a) ( persona adulta) (m) man, gentleman; (f) ladyte busca un señor — there's a man o gentleman looking for you
señoras — ladies, women
b) ( persona distinguida) (m) gentleman; (f) lady2) (dueño, amo)el señor/la señora de la casa — the gentleman/the lady of the house (frml)
el señor de estas tierras — (Hist) the lord of these lands
3) (Relig)a) Señor masculino LordDios, nuestro Señor — the Lord God
b) Señora femenino5) ( tratamiento de cortesía)a) ( con apellidos) (m) Mr; (f) Mrsb) (uso popular, con nombres de pila)la señora Cristina/el señor Miguel — ≈ Mrs Fuentes/Mr López
c) (frml) ( con otros sustantivos)Señor Director — (Corresp) Dear Sir, Sir (frml)
d) (frml) ( sin mencionar el nombre)perdón, señor/señora ¿tiene hora? — excuse me, could you tell me the time?
¿se lleva ésa, señora? — will you take that one, Madam? (frml)
muy señor mío/señores míos — (Corresp) Dear Sir/Sirs
Teresa Chaves - ¿señora o señorita? — Teresa Chaves - Miss, Mrs or Ms?
los señores han salido — Mr and Mrs Paz (o López etc) are not at home
e) ( uso enfático)¿y lo pagó él?-sí señor — you mean he paid for it-he did indeed
no señor, no fue así — no that is certainly not what happened
•• Cultural note:no señor, no pienso ir — there's no way I'm going
Señor/Señora/SeñoritaTitles used before someone's name when speaking to or about them. They are generally followed by the person's surname, or first name and surname. They can also be followed by the person's professional title, without the name: señor arquitecto, señora doctora, señorita maestra. They can be used on their own to attract attention. In letters they can be followed by the appropriate forms of don/doña: Sr. Dn Juan Montesinos, Sra Dña. Ana Castellón. The full forms are written in lower case when used in the middle of a sentence; the abbreviated forms are always capitalized - for señor, Sr., for señora, Sra., and for señorita, Srta. Señor is used for men. Señores, can mean "sirs", "gentlemen", and "ladies and gentlemen", and when used of a married couple means "Mr and Mrs": los señores Montesino. Señora is used for married women and widows, and women of unknown marital status. Señorita is used for single women, young women of unknown marital status, and female teachers* * *= master, Mr (Mister), gentleman [gentlemen, -pl.].Ex. But I said at once: 'Look here, master, I'll thank you to leave me alone after this, do you hear?'.Ex. My second point may be a slightly tangential, but I hope it is a concrete reaction to the general tenor of Mr. Lubetzky's remarks and the general subject posed.Ex. These were gentlemen whose forebears had upset Elizabeth I by encouraging the people to think a little too much for themselves and who proved very difficult to control.----* en el año del Señor = in the year of our Lord.* nada es gratis en la viña del Señor = there is no such thing as a free lunch, there is no such thing as a free ride.* señor feudal = suzerain.* * *I- ñora adjetivo (delante del n) (fam) ( uso enfático)II- ñora1)a) ( persona adulta) (m) man, gentleman; (f) ladyte busca un señor — there's a man o gentleman looking for you
señoras — ladies, women
b) ( persona distinguida) (m) gentleman; (f) lady2) (dueño, amo)el señor/la señora de la casa — the gentleman/the lady of the house (frml)
el señor de estas tierras — (Hist) the lord of these lands
3) (Relig)a) Señor masculino LordDios, nuestro Señor — the Lord God
b) Señora femenino5) ( tratamiento de cortesía)a) ( con apellidos) (m) Mr; (f) Mrsb) (uso popular, con nombres de pila)la señora Cristina/el señor Miguel — ≈ Mrs Fuentes/Mr López
c) (frml) ( con otros sustantivos)Señor Director — (Corresp) Dear Sir, Sir (frml)
d) (frml) ( sin mencionar el nombre)perdón, señor/señora ¿tiene hora? — excuse me, could you tell me the time?
¿se lleva ésa, señora? — will you take that one, Madam? (frml)
muy señor mío/señores míos — (Corresp) Dear Sir/Sirs
Teresa Chaves - ¿señora o señorita? — Teresa Chaves - Miss, Mrs or Ms?
los señores han salido — Mr and Mrs Paz (o López etc) are not at home
e) ( uso enfático)¿y lo pagó él?-sí señor — you mean he paid for it-he did indeed
no señor, no fue así — no that is certainly not what happened
•• Cultural note:no señor, no pienso ir — there's no way I'm going
Señor/Señora/SeñoritaTitles used before someone's name when speaking to or about them. They are generally followed by the person's surname, or first name and surname. They can also be followed by the person's professional title, without the name: señor arquitecto, señora doctora, señorita maestra. They can be used on their own to attract attention. In letters they can be followed by the appropriate forms of don/doña: Sr. Dn Juan Montesinos, Sra Dña. Ana Castellón. The full forms are written in lower case when used in the middle of a sentence; the abbreviated forms are always capitalized - for señor, Sr., for señora, Sra., and for señorita, Srta. Señor is used for men. Señores, can mean "sirs", "gentlemen", and "ladies and gentlemen", and when used of a married couple means "Mr and Mrs": los señores Montesino. Señora is used for married women and widows, and women of unknown marital status. Señorita is used for single women, young women of unknown marital status, and female teachers* * *= master, Mr (Mister), gentleman [gentlemen, -pl.].Ex: But I said at once: 'Look here, master, I'll thank you to leave me alone after this, do you hear?'.
Ex: My second point may be a slightly tangential, but I hope it is a concrete reaction to the general tenor of Mr. Lubetzky's remarks and the general subject posed.Ex: These were gentlemen whose forebears had upset Elizabeth I by encouraging the people to think a little too much for themselves and who proved very difficult to control.* en el año del Señor = in the year of our Lord.* nada es gratis en la viña del Señor = there is no such thing as a free lunch, there is no such thing as a free ride.* señor feudal = suzerain.* * *1 ( delante del n) ( fam)(uso enfático): ha conseguido un señor puesto she's got herself a really good jobfue una señora fiesta it was some party o quite a party! ( colloq)2(libre): eres muy señor de hacer lo que quieras you're completely free to do as you likeAte busca un señor there's a man o gentleman looking for youla señora del último piso the lady who lives on the top floorpeluquería de señoras ladies' hairdresser'sla señora de la limpieza the cleaning lady[ S ] señoras ladies, womentiene 20 años pero se viste muy de señora she's only 20 but she dresses a lot olderes todo un señor he's a real gentlemantiene ínfulas de gran señora she gives herself airs and graces, she fancies herself as some sort of lady ( BrE)Compuesto:feminine companionB(dueño, amo): el señor/la señora de la casa the gentleman/the lady of the house ( frml)los vasallos debían fidelidad a sus señores ( Hist) the vassals owed allegiance to their lordsCompuesto:masculine feudal lordC ( Relig)1recibir al Señor to receive the body of ChristDios, nuestro Señor the Lord GodNuestro Señor Jesucristo our Lord Jesus Christnuestro hermano que ahora descansa or duerme en el Señor our brother who is now at peace2D1saludos a tu señora give my regards to your wifela señora de Jaime está muy enferma Jaime's wife is very ill2buenas tardes, Señor López good afternoon, Mr LópezSeñora de Luengo, ¿quiere pasar? would you go in please, Mrs/Ms Luengo?¿avisaste a la señora (de) Fuentes? did you tell Mrs/Ms Fuentes?los señores de Paz Mr and Mrs Pazya tenemos en nuestras manos los documentos enviados por los señores Gómez y López ( frml); we have now received the documents from Messrs. Gómez and López ( frml)2(uso popular, con nombres de pila): ¿cómo está, Señora Cristina? ≈ how are you Mrs Fuentes?, ≈ how are you, Mrs F? ( colloq)la señora Cristina/el señor Miguel no está ≈ Mrs Fuentes/Mr López is not at home3 ( frml)(con otros sustantivos): el señor alcalde no podrá asistir the mayor will not be able to attendla señora directora está ocupada the director is busysalude a su señor padre/señora madre de mi parte ( ant); please convey my respects to your father/mother ( dated)4 ( frml)(sin mencionar el nombre): perdón, señor/señora, ¿tiene hora? excuse me, could you tell me the time?pase señor/señora come in, pleaseseñoras y señores ladies and gentlemen¿se lleva ésa, señora? will you take that one, Madam? ( frml)muy señor mío/señores míos ( Corresp) Dear Sir/SirsTeresa Chaves — ¿señora o señorita? Teresa Chaves — Miss, Mrs or Ms?los señores han salido Mr and Mrs Paz are not at home¿el señor/la señora va a cenar en casa? will you be dining in this evening, sir/madam? ( frml)5(uso enfático): ¿y lo pagó él? — pues sí, señor you mean he paid for it? — he did indeed o ( colloq) he sure didno, señor/señora, no fue así oh, no! that's not what happenedno, señor, no pienso prestárselo there's no way I'm going to lend it to him* * *
Multiple Entries:
Señor
señor
señor◊ - ñora sustantivo masculino, femenino
1
(f) lady;
(f) lady;
2 (dueño, amo):◊ el señor/la señora de la casa the gentleman/the lady of the house (frml)
3 (Relig)a)◊ Señor sustantivo masculino
Lordb)◊ Señora sustantivo femenino: Nuestra Sseñora de Montserrat Our Lady of Montserrat
4
5 ( tratamiento de cortesía)
(f) Mrs;
b) (frml) ( con otros sustantivos):
Sseñor Director (Corresp) Dear Sir, Sir (frml)c) (frml) ( sin mencionar el nombre):◊ perdón, señor ¿tiene hora? excuse me, could you tell me the time?;
muy señor mío/señores míos (Corresp) Dear Sir/Sirs;
Teresa Chaves — ¿señora o señorita? Teresa Chaves — Miss, Mrs or Ms?;
los señores han salido Mr and Mrs Paz (o López etc) are not at home
señor sustantivo masculino
1 (hombre) man, gentleman
2 sir (en inglés británico indica una posición social inferior) señor, se le ha caído la cartera, excuse me, you have dropped your wallet 3 señoras y señores, ladies and gentlemen
4 (tratamiento) Mr: ha llegado el Sr. Gómez, Mr Gómez is here
el señor presidente está reunido, the President is in a meeting
5 (en correspondencia) estimado señor, Dear Sir
6 Hist lord
7 Rel El Señor, the Lord
8 (persona respetable) es todo un señor y no hace caso de habladurías, he doesn't pay the slightest bit of attention to idle chatter, he's a real gentleman
9 familiar (grande, importante) el joven principiante se ha convertido en un señor actor, the inexperienced young actor has become a star
Recuerda que no se usa Mr o Mrs solo con el nombre de pila, excepto cuando un "criado" está hablando con su "señor". En todo caso debes decir Mr Miguel más el apellido o Mr más el apellido. La misma regla se aplica también a Mrs y Ms.
' señor' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
abierta
- abierto
- ama
- amo
- audiencia
- caballero
- de
- don
- estimada
- estimado
- Excemo.
- Excmo.
- N. S.
- señora
- señorita
- señorito
- Sr.
- el
- encantado
- mío
- parte
- rogar
English:
dear
- esquire
- follow-up
- gent
- lord
- master
- mister
- Mr
- Mrs
- Ms
- outstanding
- sir
- worship
- Epiphany
- gentleman
- squire
* * *señor, -ora♦ adj1. [refinado] noble, refined[excelente] wonderful, splendid;tienen una señora casa/un señor problema that's some house/problem they've got♦ nm1. [tratamiento] [antes de apellido, nombre, cargo] Mr;el señor López Mr López;los señores Ruiz Mr and Mrs Ruiz;¿están los señores (Ruiz) en casa? are Mr and Mrs Ruiz in?;dile al señor Miguel que gracias say thanks to Miguel from me;¡señor presidente! Mr President!;el señor director les atenderá enseguida the manager will see you shortly2. [tratamiento] [al dirigir la palabra] Sir;pase usted, señor do come in, do come in, Sir;¡oiga señor, se le ha caído esto! excuse me! you dropped this;señores, debo comunicarles algo gentlemen, there's something I have to tell you;¿qué desea el señor? what would you like, Sir?;sí, señor yes, Sir;Muy señor mío, Estimado señor [en cartas] Dear Sir;Muy señores míos [en cartas] Dear Sirs3. [hombre] man;llamó un señor preguntando por ti there was a call for you from a man;el señor de la carnicería the man from the butcher's;en el club sólo dejaban entrar a (los) señores they only let men into the club;un señor mayor an elderly gentleman;señores [en letrero] men, gents4. [caballero] gentleman;es todo un señor he's a real gentleman;vas hecho un señor con ese traje you look like a real gentleman in that suit5. [dueño] owner;Formal¿es usted el señor de la casa? are you the head of the household?7. [noble, aristócrata] lordHist señor feudal feudal lord;señor de la guerra warlordNuestro Señor Our Lord;¡Señor, ten piedad! Lord, have mercy upon us!9. [indica énfasis]sí señor, eso fue lo que ocurrió yes indeed, that's exactly what happened;¡sí señor, así se habla! excellent, that's what I like to hear!;no señor, estás muy equivocado oh no, you're completely wrong;a mí no me engañas, no señor you can't fool ME♦ interjGood Lord!;¡Señor, qué manera de llover! Good Lord, look how it's raining!* * *m Lord* * *1) : gentleman m, man m, lady f, woman f, wife f2) : Sir m, Madam festimados señores: Dear Sirs3) : Mr. m, Mrs. f4) : lord m, lady fel Señor: the Lord* * *señor n¿quién es ese señor? who's that man?2. (con apellido) Mr3. (de cortesía) sirsí, señor yes, sir -
4 ad
ad, prep. with acc. (from the fourth century after Christ written also at; Etrusc. suf. -a; Osc. az; Umbr. and Old Lat. ar, as [p. 27] in Eug. Tab., in S. C. de Bacch., as arveho for adveho; arfuerunt, arfuisse, for adfuerunt, etc.; arbiter for adbiter; so, ar me advenias, Plant. Truc. 2, 2, 17; cf. Prisc. 559 P.; Vel. Long. 2232 P.; Fabretti, Glos. Ital. col. 5) [cf. Sanscr. adhi; Goth. and Eng. at; Celt. pref. ar, as armor, i.e. ad mare; Rom. a].I.As antith. to ab (as in to ex), in a progressive order of relation, ad denotes, first, the direction toward an object; then the reaching of or attaining to it; and finally, the being at or near it.A.In space.1.Direction toward, to, toward, and first,a.Horizontally:b.fugere ad puppim colles campique videntur,
the hills and fields appear to fly toward the ship, Lucr. 4, 390: meridie umbrae cadunt ad septentrionem, ortu vero ad occasum, to or toward the north and west, Plin. 2, 13, and so often of the geog. position of a place in reference to the points of compass, with the verbs jacere, vergere, spectare, etc.:Asia jacet ad meridiem et austrum, Europa ad septentriones et aquiionem,
Varr. L. L. 5, § 31 Mull.;and in Plin. very freq.: Creta ad austrum... ad septentrionem versa, 4, 20: ad Atticam vergente, 4, 21 al.—Also trop.: animus alius ad alia vitia propensior,
Cic. Tusc. 4, 37, 81.—In a direction upwards (esp. in the poets, very freq.): manusque sursum ad caelum sustulit, Naev. ap. Non. 116, 30 (B. Pun. p. 13, ed. Vahl.): manus ad caeli templa tendebam lacrimans, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 20, 40 (Ann. v. 50 ed. Vahl.); cf.:c.duplices tendens ad sidera palmas,
Verg. A. 1, 93: molem ex profundo saxeam ad caelum vomit, Att. ap. Prisc. 1325 P.: clamor ad caelum volvendus, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 104 Mull. (Ann. v. 520 ed. Vahl.) (cf. with this: tollitur in caelum clamor, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1, or Ann. v. 422):ad caelumque ferat flammai fulgura rursum, of Aetna,
Lucr. 1, 725; cf. id. 2, 191; 2, 325: sidera sola micant;ad quae sua bracchia tendens, etc.,
Ov. M. 7, 188:altitudo pertingit ad caelum,
Vulg. Dan. 4, 17.—Also in the direction downwards (for the usu. in):2.tardiore semper ad terras omnium quae geruntur in caelo effectu cadente quam visu,
Plin. 2, 97, 99, § 216.The point or goal at which any thing arrives.a.Without reference to the space traversed in passing, to, toward (the most common use of this prep.): cum stupro redire ad suos popularis, Naev. ap. Fest. p. 317 Mull. (B. Pun. p. 14 ed. Vahl.):(α).ut ex tam alto dignitatis gradu ad superos videatur potius quam ad inferos pervenisse,
Cic. Lael. 3, 12: ad terras decidat aether, Lucan. 2, 58. —Hence,With verbs which designate going, coming, moving, bearing, bringing near, adapting, taking, receiving, calling, exciting, admonishing, etc., when the verb is compounded with ad the prep. is not always repeated, but the constr. with the dat. or acc. employed; cf. Rudd. II. pp. 154, 175 n. (In the ante-class. per., and even in Cic., ad is generally repeated with most verbs, as, ad eos accedit, Cic. Sex. Rosc. 8:(β).ad Sullam adire,
id. ib. 25:ad se adferre,
id. Verr. 4, 50:reticulum ad naris sibi admovebat,
id. ib. 5, 27:ad laborem adhortantur,
id. de Sen. 14:T. Vectium ad se arcessit,
id. Verr. 5, 114; but the poets of the Aug. per., and the historians, esp. Tac., prefer the dative; also, when the compound verb contains merely the idea of approach, the constr. with ad and the acc. is employed; but when it designates increase, that with the dat. is more usual: accedit ad urbem, he approaches the city; but, accedit provinciae, it is added to the province.)—Ad me, te, se, for domum meam, tuam, suam (in Plaut. and Ter. very freq.):(γ).oratus sum venire ad te huc,
Plaut. Mil. 5, 1, 12: spectatores plaudite atque ite ad vos comissatum, id. Stich. fin.:eamus ad me,
Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 64:ancillas traduce huc ad vos,
id. Heaut. 4, 4, 22:transeundumst tibi ad Menedemum,
id. 4, 4, 17: intro nos vocat ad sese, tenet intus apud se, Lucil. ap. Charis. p. 86 P.:te oro, ut ad me Vibonem statim venias,
Cic. Att. 3, 3; 16, 10 al.—Ad, with the name of a deity in the gen., is elliptical for ad templum or aedem (cf.:(δ).Thespiadas, quae ad aedem Felicitatis sunt,
Cic. Verr. 4, 4; id. Phil. 2, 35:in aedem Veneris,
Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 120;in aedem Concordiae,
Cic. Cat. 3, 9, 21;2, 6, 12): ad Dianae,
to the temple of, Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 43:ad Opis,
Cic. Att. 8, 1, 14:ad Castoris,
id. Quint. 17:ad Juturnae,
id. Clu. 101:ad Vestae,
Hor. S. 1, 9, 35 al.: cf. Rudd. II. p. 41, n. 4, and p. 334.—With verbs which denote a giving, sending, informing, submitting, etc., it is used for the simple dat. (Rudd. II. p. 175): litteras dare ad aliquem, to send or write one a letter; and: litteras dare alicui, to give a letter to one; hence Cic. never says, like Caesar and Sall., alicui scribere, which strictly means, to write for one (as a receipt, etc.), but always mittere, scribere, perscribere ad aliquem:(ε).postea ad pistores dabo,
Plaut. As. 3, 3, 119:praecipe quae ad patrem vis nuntiari,
id. Capt. 2, 2, 109:in servitutem pauperem ad divitem dare,
Ter. Ph. 4, 3, 48:nam ad me Publ. Valerius scripsit,
Cic. Fam. 14, 2 med.:de meis rebus ad Lollium perscripsi,
id. ib. 5, 3:velim domum ad te scribas, ut mihi tui libri pateant,
id. Att. 4, 14; cf. id. ib. 4, 16:ad primam (sc. epistulam) tibi hoc scribo,
in answer to your first, id. ib. 3, 15, 2:ad Q. Fulvium Cons. Hirpini et Lucani dediderunt sese,
Liv. 27, 15, 1; cf. id. 28, 22, 5.—Hence the phrase: mittere or scribere librum ad aliquem, to dedicate a book to one (Greek, prosphônein):has res ad te scriptas, Luci, misimus, Aeli,
Lucil. Sat. 1, ap. Auct. Her. 4, 12:quae institueram, ad te mittam,
Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 5: ego interea admonitu tuo perfeci sane argutulos libros ad Varronem;and soon after: mihi explices velim, maneasne in sententia, ut mittam ad eum quae scripsi,
Cic. Att. 13, 18; cf. ib. 16; Plin. 1, 19.—So in titles of books: M. Tullii Ciceronis ad Marcum Brutum Orator; M. T. Cic. ad Q. Fratrem Dialogi tres de Oratore, etc.—In the titles of odes and epigrams ad aliquem signifies to, addressed to. —With names of towns after verbs of motion, ad is used in answer to the question Whither? instead of the simple acc.; but commonly with this difference, that ad denotes to the vicinity of, the neighborhood of:(ζ).miles ad Capuam profectus sum, quintoque anno post ad Tarentum,
Cic. de Sen. 4, 10; id. Fam. 3, 81:ad Veios,
Liv. 5, 19; 14, 18; cf. Caes. B. G. 1, 7; id. B. C. 3, 40 al.—Ad is regularly used when the proper name has an appellative in apposition to it:ad Cirtam oppidum iter constituunt,
Sall. J. 81, 2; so Curt. 3, 1, 22; 4, 9, 9;or when it is joined with usque,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 34, § 87; id. Deiot, 7, 19.— (When an adjective is added, the simple acc. is used poet., as well as with ad:magnum iter ad doctas proficisci cogor Athenas,
Prop. 3, 21, 1; the simple acc., Ov. H. 2, 83: doctas jam nunc eat, inquit, Athenas).—With verbs which imply a hostile movement toward, or protection in respect to any thing, against = adversus:(η).nonne ad senem aliquam fabricam fingit?
Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 34:Lernaeas pugnet ad hydras,
Prop. 3, 19, 9: neque quo pacto fallam, nec quem dolum ad eum aut machinam commoliar, old poet in Cic. N. D. 3, 29, 73:Belgarum copias ad se venire vidit,
Caes. B. G. 2, 5; 7, 70:ipse ad hostem vehitur,
Nep. Dat. 4, 5; id. Dion. 5, 4: Romulus ad regem impetus facit (a phrase in which in is commonly found), Liv. 1, 5, 7, and 44, 3, 10:aliquem ad hostem ducere,
Tac. A. 2, 52:clipeos ad tela protecti obiciunt,
Verg. A. 2, 443:munio me ad haec tempora,
Cic. Fam. 9, 18:ad hos omnes casus provisa erant praesidia,
Caes. B. G. 7, 65; 7, 41;so with nouns: medicamentum ad aquam intercutem,
Cic. Off. 3, 24:remedium ad tertianam,
Petr. Sat. 18:munimen ad imbris,
Verg. G. 2, 352:farina cum melle ad tussim siccam efficasissima est,
Plin. 20, 22, 89, § 243:ad muliebre ingenium efficaces preces,
Liv. 1, 9; 1, 19 (in these two passages ad may have the force of apud, Hand).—The repetition of ad to denote the direction to a place and to a person present in it is rare:b.nunc tu abi ad forum ad herum,
Plaut. As. 2, 2, 100; cf.:vocatis classico ad concilium militibus ad tribunos,
Liv. 5 47.—(The distinction between ad and in is given by Diom. 409 P., thus: in forum ire est in ipsum forum intrare; ad forum autem ire, in locum foro proximum; ut in tribunal et ad tribunal venire non unum est; quia ad tribunal venit litigator, in tribunal vero praetor aut judex; cf. also Sen. Ep. 73, 14, deus ad homines venit, immo, quod propius est, in homines venit.)—The terminus, with ref. to the space traversed, to, even to, with or without usque, Quint. 10, 7, 16: ingurgitavit usque ad imum gutturem, Naev. ap. Non. 207, 20 (Rib. Com. Rel. p. 30): dictator pervehitur usque ad oppidum, Naev. ap. Varr. L. L. 5, § 153 Mull. (B. Pun. p. 16 ed. Vahl.):3.via pejor ad usque Baii moenia,
Hor. S. 1, 5, 96; 1, 1, 97:rigidum permanat frigus ad ossa,
Lucr. 1, 355; 1, 969:cum sudor ad imos Manaret talos,
Hor. S. 1, 9, 10:ut quantum posset, agmen ad mare extenderet,
Curt. 3, 9, 10:laeva pars ad pectus est nuda,
id. 6, 5, 27 al. —Hence the Plinian expression, petere aliquid (usque) ad aliquem, to seek something everywhere, even with one:ut ad Aethiopas usque peteretur,
Plin. 36, 6, 9, § 51 (where Jan now reads ab Aethiopia); so,vestis ad Seras peti,
id. 12, 1, 1.— Trop.:si quid poscam, usque ad ravim poscam,
Plaut. Aul. 2, 5, 10:deverberasse usque ad necem,
Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 13;without usque: hic ad incitas redactus,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 136; 4, 2, 52; id. Poen. 4, 2, 85; illud ad incitas cum redit atque internecionem, Lucil. ap. Non. 123, 20:virgis ad necem caedi,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 29, § 70; so Hor. S. 1, 2, 42; Liv. 24, 38, 9; Tac. A. 11, 37; Suet. Ner. 26; id. Dom. 8 al.Nearness or proximity in gen. = apud, near to, by, at, close by (in anteclass. per. very freq.; not rare later, esp. in the historians): pendent peniculamenta unum ad quemque pedum, trains are suspended at each foot, Enn. ap. Non. 149, 33 (Ann. v. 363 ed. Vahl.):B.ut in servitute hic ad suum maneat patrem,
Plaut. Capt. prol. 49; cf. id. ib. 2, 3, 98;3, 5, 41: sol quasi flagitator astat usque ad ostium,
stands like a creditor continually at the door, id. Most. 3, 2, 81 (cf. with same force, Att. ap. Non. 522, 25;apud ipsum astas): ad foris adsistere,
Cic. Verr. 1, 66; id. Arch. 24:astiterunt ad januam,
Vulg. Act. 10, 17:non adest ad exercitum,
Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 6; cf. ib. prol. 133:aderant ad spectaculum istud,
Vulg. Luc. 23, 48: has (testas) e fenestris in caput Deiciunt, qui prope ad ostium adspiraverunt, Lucil. ap. Non. 288, 31:et nec opinanti Mors ad caput adstitit,
Lucr. 3, 959:quod Romanis ad manum domi supplementum esset,
at hand, Liv. 9, 19, 6:haec arma habere ad manum,
Quint. 12, 5, 1:dominum esse ad villam,
Cic. Sull. 20; so id. Verr. 2, 21:errantem ad flumina,
Verg. E. 6, 64; Tib. 1, 10, 38; Plin. 7, 2, § 12; Vitr. 7, 14; 7, 12; and ellipt. (cf. supra, 2. g):pecunia utinam ad Opis maneret!
Cic. Phil. 1, 17.—Even of persons:qui primum pilum ad Caesarem duxerat (for apud),
Caes. B. G. 6, 38; so id. ib. 1, 31; 3, 9; 5, 53; 7, 5; id. B. C. 3, 60:ad inferos poenas parricidii luent,
among, Cic. Phil. 14, 13:neque segnius ad hostes bellum apparatur,
Liv. 7, 7, 4: pugna ad Trebiam, ad Trasimenum, ad Cannas, etc., for which Liv. also uses the gen.:si Trasimeni quam Trebiae, si Cannarum quam Trasimeni pugna nobilior esset, 23, 43, 4.—Sometimes used to form the name of a place, although written separately, e. g. ad Murcim,
Varr. L. L. 5, § 154:villa ad Gallinas, a villa on the Flaminian Way,
Plin. 15, 30, 40, § 37: ad urbem esse (of generals), to remain outside the city (Rome) until permission was given for a triumph:“Esse ad urbem dicebantur, qui cum potestate provinciali aut nuper e provincia revertissent, aut nondum in provinciam profecti essent... solebant autem, qui ob res in provincia gestas triumphum peterent, extra urbem exspectare, donec, lege lata, triumphantes urbem introire possent,”
Manut. ad Cic. Fam. 3, 8.—So sometimes with names of towns and verbs of rest:pons, qui erat ad Genavam,
Caes. B. G. 1, 7:ad Tibur mortem patri minatus est,
Cic. Phil. 6, 4, 10:conchas ad Caietam legunt,
id. Or. 2, 6:ad forum esse,
to be at the market, Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 136; id. Most. 3, 2, 158; cf. Ter. Ph. 4, 2, 8; id. And. 1, 5, 19.—Hence, adverb., ad dextram (sc. manum, partem), ad laevam, ad sinistram, to the right, to the left, or on the right, on the left:ad dextram,
Att. Rib. Trag. Rel. p. 225; Plaut. Poen. 3, 4, 1; Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 44; Cic. Univ. 13; Caes. B. C. 1, 69:ad laevam,
Enn. Rib. Trag. Rel. p. 51; Att. ib. p. 217: ad sinistram, Ter. [p. 28] Ad. 4, 2, 43 al.:ad dextram... ad laevam,
Liv. 40, 6;and with an ordinal number: cum plebes ad tertium milliarium consedisset,
at the third milestone, Cic. Brut. 14, 54, esp. freq. with lapis:sepultus ad quintum lapidem,
Nep. Att. 22, 4; so Liv. 3, 69 al.; Tac. H. 3, 18; 4, 60 (with apud, Ann. 1, 45; 3, 45; 15, 60) al.; cf. Rudd. II. p. 287.In time, analogous to the relations given in A.1.Direction toward, i. e. approach to a definite point of time, about, toward:2.domum reductus ad vesperum,
toward evening, Cic. Lael. 3, 12:cum ad hiemem me ex Cilicia recepissem,
toward winter, id. Fam. 3, 7.—The limit or boundary to which a space of time extends, with and without usque, till, until, to, even to, up to:3.ego ad illud frugi usque et probus fui,
Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 53:philosophia jacuit usque ad hanc aetatem,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 3, 5; id. de Sen. 14:quid si hic manebo potius ad meridiem,
Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 55; so id. Men. 5, 7, 33; id. Ps. 1, 5, 116; id. As. 2, 1, 5:ad multam noctem,
Cic. de Sen. 14:Sophocles ad summam senectutem tragoedias fecit,
id. ib. 2; cf. id. Rep. 1, 1:Alexandream se proficisci velle dixit (Aratus) remque integram ad reditum suum jussit esse,
id. Off. 2, 23, 82:bestiae ex se natos amant ad quoddam tempus,
id. Lael. 8; so id. de Sen. 6; id. Somn. Sc. 1 al. —And with ab or ab-usque, to desig. the whole period of time passed away:ab hora octava ad vesperum secreto collocuti sumus,
Cic. Att. 7, 8:usque ab aurora ad hoc diei,
Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 8.—Coincidence with a point of time, at, on, in, by:C.praesto fuit ad horam destinatam,
at the appointed hour, Cic. Tusc. 5, 22:admonuit ut pecuniam ad diem solverent,
on the day of payment, id. Att. 16, 16 A:nostra ad diem dictam fient,
id. Fam. 16, 10, 4; cf. id. Verr. 2, 2, 5: ad lucem denique arte et graviter dormitare coepisse, at (not toward) daybreak, id. Div. 1, 28, 59; so id. Att. 1, 3, 2; 1, 4, 3; id. Fin. 2, 31, 103; id. Brut. 97, 313:ad id tempus,
Caes. B. C. 1, 24; Sall. J. 70, 5; Tac. A. 15, 60; Suet. Aug. 87; Domit. 17, 21 al.The relations of number.1.An approximation to a sum designated, near, near to, almost, about, toward (cf. Gr. epi, pros with acc. and the Fr. pres de, a peu pres, presque) = circiter (Hand, Turs. I. p. 102):2.ad quadraginta eam posse emi minas,
Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 111:nummorum Philippum ad tria milia,
id. Trin. 1, 2, 115; sometimes with quasi added:quasi ad quadraginta minas,
as it were about, id. Most. 3, 1, 95; so Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 93:sane frequentes fuimus omnino ad ducentos,
Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 1:cum annos ad quadraginta natus esset,
id. Clu. 40, 110:ad hominum milia decem,
Caes. B. G. 1, 4:oppida numero ad duodecim, vicos ad quadringentos,
id. ib. 1, 5.—In the histt. and post-Aug. authors ad is added adverbially in this sense (contrary to Gr. usage, by which amphi, peri, and eis with numerals retain their power as prepositions): ad binum milium numero utrinque sauciis factis, Sisenn. ap. Non. 80, 4:occisis ad hominum milibus quattuor,
Caes. B. G. 2, 33:ad duorum milium numero ceciderunt,
id. B. C. 3, 53:ad duo milia et trecenti occisi,
Liv. 10, 17, 8; so id. 27, 12, 16; Suet. Caes. 20; cf. Rudd. II. p. 334.—The terminus, the limit, to, unto, even to, a designated number (rare):D.ranam luridam conicere in aquam usque quo ad tertiam partem decoxeris,
Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 26; cf. App. Herb. 41:aedem Junonis ad partem dimidiam detegit,
even to the half, Liv. 42, 3, 2:miles (viaticum) ad assem perdiderat,
to a farthing, to the last farthing, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 27; Plin. Ep. 1, 15:quid ad denarium solveretur,
Cic. Quint. 4.—The phrase omnes ad unum or ad unum omnes, or simply ad unum, means lit. all to one, i. e. all together, all without exception; Gr. hoi kath hena pantes (therefore the gender of unum is changed according to that of omnes): praetor omnes extra castra, ut stercus, foras ejecit ad unum, Lucil. ap. Non. 394, 22:de amicitia omnes ad unum idem sentiunt,
Cic. Lael. 23:ad unum omnes cum ipso duce occisi sunt,
Curt. 4, 1, 22 al.:naves Rhodias afflixit ita, ut ad unam omnes constratae eliderentur,
Caes. B. C. 3, 27; onerariae omnes ad unam a nobis sunt exceptae, Cic. Fam. 12, 14 (cf. in Gr. hoi kath hena; in Hebr., Exod. 14, 28).— Ad unum without omnes:ego eam sententiam dixi, cui sunt assensi ad unum,
Cic. Fam. 10, 16:Juppiter omnipotens si nondum exosus ad unum Trojanos,
Verg. A. 5, 687.In the manifold relations of one object to another.1.That in respect of or in regard to which a thing avails, happens, or is true or important, with regard to, in respect of, in relation to, as to, to, in.a.With verbs:b.ad omnia alia aetate sapimus rectius,
in respect to all other things we grow wiser by age, Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 45:numquam ita quisquam bene ad vitam fuat,
id. ib. 5, 4, 1:nil ibi libatum de toto corpore (mortui) cernas ad speciem, nil ad pondus,
that nothing is lost in form or weight, Lucr. 3, 214; cf. id. 5, 570; Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 21, § 58; id. Mur. 13, 29: illi regi Cyro subest, ad immutandi animi licentiam, crudelissimus ille Phalaris, in that Cyrus, in regard to the liberty of changing his disposition (i. e. not in reality, but inasmuch as he is at liberty to lay aside his good character, and assume that of a tyrant), there is concealed another cruel Phalaris, Cic. Rep. 1, 28:nil est ad nos,
is nothing to us, concerns us not, Lucr. 3, 830; 3, 845:nil ad me attinet,
Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 54:nihil ad rem pertinet,
Cic. Caecin. 58;and in the same sense elliptically: nihil ad Epicurum,
id. Fin. 1, 2, 5; id. Pis. 68:Quid ad praetorem?
id. Verr. 1, 116 (this usage is not to be confounded with that under 4.).—With adjectives:c.ad has res perspicax,
Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 129:virum ad cetera egregium,
Liv. 37, 7, 15:auxiliaribus ad pugnam non multum Crassus confidebat,
Caes. B. G. 3, 25:ejus frater aliquantum ad rem est avidior,
Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 51; cf. id. And. 1, 2, 21; id. Heaut. 2, 3, 129:ut sit potior, qui prior ad dandum est,
id. Phorm. 3, 2, 48:difficilis (res) ad credendum,
Lucr. 2, 1027:ad rationem sollertiamque praestantior,
Cic. N. D. 2, 62; so id. Leg. 2, 13, 33; id. Fin. 2, 20, 63; id. Rosc. Am. 30, 85; id. Font. 15; id. Cat. 1, 5, 12; id. de Or. 1, 25, 113; 1, 32, 146; 2, 49, 200; id. Fam. 3, 1, 1; Liv. 9, 16, 13; Tac. A. 12, 54 al.—With nouns:d.prius quam tuum, ut sese habeat, animum ad nuptias perspexerit,
before he knew your feeling in regard to the marriage, Ter. And. 2, 3, 4 (cf. Gr. hopôs echei tis pros ti):mentis ad omnia caecitas,
Cic. Tusc. 3, 5, 11:magna vis est fortunae in utramque partem vel ad secundas res vel ad adversas,
id. Off. 2, 6; so id. Par. 1:ad cetera paene gemelli,
Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 3.—So with acc. of gerund instead of the gen. from the same vb.:facultas ad scribendum, instead of scribendi,
Cic. Font. 6;facultas ad agendum,
id. de Imp. Pomp. 1, 2: cf. Rudd. II. p. 245.—In gramm.: nomina ad aliquid dicta, nouns used in relation to something, i. e. which derive their significance from their relation to another object: quae non possunt intellegi sola, ut pater, mater;2.jungunt enim sibi et illa propter quae intelleguntur,
Charis. 129 P.; cf. Prisc. 580 ib.—With words denoting measure, weight, manner, model, rule, etc., both prop. and fig., according to, agreeably to, after (Gr. kata, pros):3.columnas ad perpendiculum exigere,
Cic. Mur. 77:taleis ferreis ad certum pondus examinatis,
Caes. B. G. 5, 12: facta sunt ad certam formam. Lucr. 2, 379:ad amussim non est numerus,
Varr. 2, 1, 26:ad imaginem facere,
Vulg. Gen. 1, 26:ad cursus lunae describit annum,
Liv. 1, 19:omnia ad diem facta sunt,
Caes. B. G. 2, 5:Id ad similitudinem panis efficiebant,
id. B. C. 3, 48; Vulg. Gen. 1, 26; id. Jac. 3, 9:ad aequos flexus,
at equal angles, Lucr. 4, 323: quasi ad tornum levantur, to or by the lathe, id. 4, 361:turres ad altitudiem valli,
Caes. B. G. 5, 42; Liv. 39, 6:ad eandem crassitudinem structi,
id. 44, 11:ad speciem cancellorum scenicorum,
with the appearance of, like, Varr. R. R. 3, 5, 8:stagnum maris instar, circumseptum aedificiis ad urbium speciem,
Suet. Ner. 31:lascivum pecus ludens ad cantum,
Liv. Andron. Rib. Trag. Rel. p. 1:canere ad tibiam,
Cic. Tusc. 4, 2: canere ad tibicinem, id. ib. 1, 2 (cf.:in numerum ludere,
Verg. E. 6, 28; id. G. 4, 175):quod ad Aristophanis lucernam lucubravi,
Varr. L. L. 5, § 9 Mull.: carmen castigare ad unguem, to perfection (v. unguis), Hor. A. P. 294:ad unguem factus homo,
a perfect gentleman, id. S. 1, 5, 32 (cf. id. ib. 2, 7, 86):ad istorum normam sapientes,
Cic. Lael. 5, 18; id. Mur. 3:Cyrus non ad historiae fidem scriptus, sed ad effigiem justi imperii,
id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 8:exercemur in venando ad similitudinem bellicae disciplinae,
id. N. D. 2, 64, 161: so,ad simulacrum,
Liv. 40, 6:ad Punica ingenia,
id. 21, 22:ad L. Crassi eloquentiam,
Cic. Var. Fragm. 8:omnia fient ad verum,
Juv. 6, 324:quid aut ad naturam aut contra sit,
Cic. Fin. 1, 9, 30:ad hunc modum institutus est,
id. Tusc. 2, 3; Caes. B. G. 2, 31; 3, 13:ad eundem istunc modum,
Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 70:quem ad modum, q. v.: ad istam faciem est morbus, qui me macerat,
of that kind, Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 73; id. Merc. 2, 3, 90; cf.91: cujus ad arbitrium copia materiai cogitur,
Lucr. 2, 281:ad eorum arbitrium et nutum totos se fingunt,
to their will and pleasure, Cic. Or. 8, 24; id. Quint. 71:ad P. Lentuli auctoritatem Roma contendit,
id. Rab. Post. 21:aliae sunt legati partes, aliae imperatoris: alter omnia agere ad praescriptum, alter libere ad summam rerum consulere debet,
Caes. B. C. 3, 51:rebus ad voluntatem nostram fluentibus,
Cic. Off. 1, 26:rem ad illorum libidinem judicarunt,
id. Font. 36:ad vulgi opinionem,
id. Off. 3, 21.—So in later Lat. with instar:ad instar castrorum,
Just. 36, 3, 2:scoparum,
App. M. 9, p. 232:speculi,
id. ib. 2, p. 118: ad hoc instar mundi, id. de Mundo, p. 72.—Sometimes, but very rarely, ad is used absol. in this sense (so also very rarely kata with acc., Xen. Hell. 2, 3; Luc. Dial. Deor. 8): convertier ad nos, as we (are turned), Lucr. 4, 317:ad navis feratur,
like ships, id. 4, 897 Munro. —With noun:ad specus angustiac vallium,
like caves, Caes. B. C. 3, 49.—Hence,With an object which is the cause or reason, in conformity to which, from which, or for which, any thing is or is done.a.The moving cause, according to, at, on, in consequence of:b.cetera pars animae paret et ad numen mentis momenque movetur,
Lucr. 3, 144:ad horum preces in Boeotiam duxit,
on their entreaty, Liv. 42, 67, 12: ad ea Caesar veniam ipsique et conjugi et fratribus tribuit, in consequence of or upon this, he, etc., Tac. Ann. 12, 37.—The final cause, or the object, end, or aim, for the attainment of which any thing,(α).is done,(β).is designed, or,(γ). (α).Seque ad ludos jam inde abhinc exerceant, Pac. ap. Charis. p. 175 P. (Rib. Trag. Rel. p. 80):(β).venimus coctum ad nuptias,
in order to cook for the wedding, Plaut. Aul. 3, 2, 15:omnis ad perniciem instructa domus,
id. Bacch. 3, 1, 6; cf. Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 41; Liv. 1, 54:cum fingis falsas causas ad discordiam,
in order to produce dissension, Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 71:quantam fenestram ad nequitiam patefeceris,
id. Heaut. 3, 1, 72:utrum ille, qui postulat legatum ad tantum bellum, quem velit, idoneus non est, qui impetret, cum ceteri ad expilandos socios diripiendasque provincias, quos voluerunt, legatos eduxerint,
Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 19, 57:ego vitam quoad putabo tua interesse, aut ad spem servandam esse, retinebo,
for hope, id. Q. Fr. 1, 4; id. Fam. 5, 17:haec juventutem, ubi familiares opes defecerant, ad facinora incendebant,
Sall. C. 13, 4:ad speciem atque ad usurpationem vetustatis,
Cic. Agr. 2, 12, 31; Suet. Caes. 67:paucis ad speciem tabernaculis relictis,
for appearance, Caes. B. C. 2, 35; so id. ib. 2, 41; id. B. G. 1, 51.—Aut equos alere aut canes ad venandum. Ter. And. 1, 1, 30:(γ).ingenio egregie ad miseriam natus sum,
id. Heaut. 3, 1, 11;(in the same sense: in rem,
Hor. C. 1, 27, 1, and the dat., Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 6):ad cursum equum, ad arandum bovem, ad indagandum canem,
Cic. Fin. 2, 13, 40:ad frena leones,
Verg. A. 10, 253:delecto ad naves milite,
marines, Liv. 22, 19 Weissenb.:servos ad remum,
rowers, id. 34, 6; and:servos ad militiam emendos,
id. 22, 61, 2:comparasti ad lecticam homines,
Cat. 10, 16:Lygdamus ad cyathos,
Prop. 4, 8, 37; cf.:puer ad cyathum statuetur,
Hor. C. 1, 29, 8.—Quae oportet Signa esse [p. 29] ad salutem, omnia huic osse video, everything indicative of prosperity I see in him, Ter. And. 3, 2, 2:4.haec sunt ad virtutem omnia,
id. Heaut. 1, 2, 33:causa ad objurgandum,
id. And. 1, 1, 123:argumentum ad scribendum,
Cic. Att. 9, 7 (in both examples instead of the gen. of gerund., cf. Rudd. II. p. 245):vinum murteum est ad alvum crudam,
Cato R. R. 125:nulla res tantum ad dicendum proficit, quantum scriptio,
Cic. Brut. 24:reliquis rebus, quae sunt ad incendia,
Caes. B. C. 3, 101 al. —So with the adjectives idoneus, utilis, aptus, instead of the dat.:homines ad hanc rem idoneos,
Plaut. Poen. 3, 2, 6:calcei habiles et apti ad pedem,
Cic. de Or. 1, 54, 231:orator aptus tamen ad dicendum,
id. Tusc. 1, 3, 5:sus est ad vescendum hominibus apta,
id. N. D. 2, 64, 160:homo ad nullam rem utilis,
id. Off. 3, 6:ad segetes ingeniosus ager,
Ov. F. 4, 684.—(Upon the connection of ad with the gerund. v. Zumpt, § 666; Rudd. II. p. 261.)—Comparison (since that with which a thing is compared is considered as an object to which the thing compared is brought near for the sake of comparison), to, compared to or with, in comparison with:E.ad sapientiam hujus ille (Thales) nimius nugator fuit,
Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 25; id. Trin. 3, 2, 100:ne comparandus hic quidem ad illum'st,
Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 14; 2, 3, 69:terra ad universi caeli complexum,
compared with the whole extent of the heavens, Cic. Tusc. 1, 17, 40:homini non ad cetera Punica ingenia callido,
Liv. 22, 22, 15:at nihil ad nostram hanc,
nothing in comparison with, Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 70; so Cic. Deiot. 8, 24; and id. de Or. 2, 6, 25.Adverbial phrases with ad.1.Ad omnia, withal, to crown all:2.ingentem vim peditum equitumque venire: ex India elephantos: ad omnia tantum advehi auri, etc.,
Liv. 35, 32, 4.—Ad hoc and ad haec (in the historians, esp. from the time of Livy, and in authors after the Aug. per.), = praeterea, insuper, moreover, besides, in addition, epi toutois:3.nam quicumque impudicus, adulter, ganeo, etc.: praeterea omnes undique parricidae, etc.: ad hoc, quos manus atque lingua perjurio aut sanguine civili alebat: postremo omnes, quos, etc.,
Sall. C. 14, 2 and 3:his opinionibus inflato animo, ad hoc vitio quoque ingenii vehemens,
Liv. 6, 11, 6; 42, 1, 1; Tac. H. 1, 6; Suet. Aug. 22 al.—Ad id quod, beside that (very rare):4.ad id quod sua sponte satis conlectum animorum erat, indignitate etiam Romani accendebantur,
Liv. 3, 62, 1; so 44, 37, 12.—Ad tempus.a.At a definite, fixed time, Cic. Att. 13, 45; Liv. 38, 25, 3.—b.At a fit, appropriate time, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 54, § 141; Liv. 1, 7, 13.—c.For some time, for a short time, Cic. Off. 1, 8, 27; id. Lael. 15, 53; Liv. 21, 25, 14.—d.According to circumstances, Cic. Planc. 30, 74; id. Cael. 6, 13; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 9.—5.Ad praesens (for the most part only in post-Aug. writers).a.For the moment, for a short time, Cic. Fam. 12, 8; Plin. 8, 22, 34; Tac. A. 4, 21.—b.At present, now, Tac. A. 16, 5; id. H. 1, 44.—So, ad praesentiam, Tac. A. 11, 8.—6.Ad locum, on the spot:7.ut ad locum miles esset paratus,
Liv. 27, 27, 2.—Ad verbum, word for word, literally, Cic. Fin. 1, 2, 4; id. de Or. 1, 34, 157; id. Ac. 2, 44, 135 al.—8.Ad summam.a. b. 9.Ad extremum, ad ultimum, ad postremum.a. (α).Of place, at the extremity, extreme point, top, etc.:(β).missile telum hastili abiegno et cetera tereti, praeterquam ad extremum, unde ferrum exstabat,
Liv. 21, 8, 10.—Of time = telos de, at last, finally:(γ).ibi ad postremum cedit miles,
Plaut. Aul. 3, 5, 52; so id. Poen. 4, 2, 22; Cic. Off. 3, 23, 89; id. Phil. 13, 20, 45; Caes. B. G. 7, 53; Liv. 30, 15, 4 al.— Hence,of order, finally, lastly, = denique: inventa componere; tum ornare oratione; post memoria sepire;b.ad extremum agere cum dignitate,
Cic. de Or. 1, 31, 142.—In Liv., to the last degree, quite: improbus homo, sed non ad extremum perditus, 23, 2, 3; cf.:10.consilii scelerati, sed non ad ultimum dementis,
id. 28, 28, 8.—Quem ad finem? To what limit? How far? Cic. Cat. 1, 1; id. Verr. 5, 75.—11.Quem ad modum, v. sub h. v.► a.Ad (v. ab, ex, in, etc.) is not repeated like some other prepositions with interrog. and relative pronouns, after nouns or demonstrative pronouns:b.traducis cogitationes meas ad voluptates. Quas? corporis credo,
Cic. Tusc. 3, 17, 37 (ubi v. Kuhner).—Ad is sometimes placed after its substantive:c.quam ad,
Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 39:senatus, quos ad soleret, referendum censuit,
Cic. N. D. 2, 4:ripam ad Araxis,
Tac. Ann. 12, 51;or between subst. and adj.: augendam ad invidiam,
id. ib. 12, 8.—The compound adque for et ad (like exque, eque, and, poet., aque) is denied by Moser, Cic. Rep. 2, 15, p. 248, and he reads instead of ad humanitatem adque mansuetudinem of the MSS., hum. atque mans. But adque, in acc. with later usage, is restored by Hand in App. M. 10, p. 247, adque haec omnia oboediebam for atque; and in Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 9, utroque vorsum rectum'st ingenium meum, ad se adque illum, is now read, ad te atque ad illum (Fleck., Brix).II.In composition.A.Form. According to the usual orthography, the d of the ad remains unchanged before vowels, and before b, d, h, m, v: adbibo, adduco, adhibeo, admoveo, advenio; it is assimilated to c, f, g, l, n, p, r, s, t: accipio, affigo, aggero, allabor, annumero, appello, arripio, assumo, attineo; before g and s it sometimes disappears: agnosco, aspicio, asto: and before qu it passes into c: acquiro, acquiesco.—But later philologists, supported by old inscriptions and good MSS., have mostly adopted the following forms: ad before j, h, b, d, f, m, n, q, v; ac before c, sometimes, but less well, before q; ag and also ad before g; a before gn, sp, sc, st; ad and also al before l; ad rather than an before n; ap and sometimes ad before p; ad and also ar before r; ad and also as before s; at and sometimes ad before t. In this work the old orthography has commonly been retained for the sake of convenient reference, but the better form in any case is indicated.—B.Signif. In English up often denotes approach, and in many instances will give the force of ad as a prefix both in its local and in its figurative sense.1.Local.a. b.At, by: astare, adesse.—c. d.Up (cf. de- = down, as in deicio, decido): attollo, ascendo, adsurgo.—2.Fig.a.To: adjudico, adsentior.—b.At or on: admiror, adludo.—c.Denoting conformity to, or comparison with: affiguro, adaequo.—d.Denoting addition, increase (cf. ab, de, and ex as prefixes to denote privation): addoceo, adposco.—e.Hence, denoting intensity: adamo, adimpleo, aduro, and perhaps agnosco.—f.Denoting the coming to an act or state, and hence commencement: addubito, addormio, adquiesco, adlubesco, advesperascit. See more upon this word in Hand, Turs. I. pp. 74-134. -
5 get
1. [get] n1. приплод, потомство ( у животных)2. диал.1) заработок, получка2) прибыль2. [get] v (got; амер., уст. p. p. тж. gotten2)I1. 1) доставать; добыватьto get tickets [money] - достать /добыть/ билеты [деньги]
where can I get something to eat? - а) где мне раздобыть чего-нибудь поесть?; б) где здесь можно поесть (пообедать и т. п.)?
the thing is not to be got - это /эту вещь/ достать невозможно
2) доставать и приноситьcan I get you a drink? - не хотите ли вы выпить? Я принесу
don't answer the phone, I'll get it - не подходи к телефону, я возьму трубку
3) добиваться, получатьto get fame [credit, glory] - добиваться известности [похвалы, славы]
to get the name (of) - завоевать /заслужить/ репутацию
to get one's liberty - добиться свободы, завоевать свободу [см. тж. 4)]
to get something for nothing - получить что-нибудь просто так /не дав ничего взамен/
to get one's wish - получить то, что желаешь
to get an /the/ advantage /the start/ of /over/ smb. - получить преимущество /добиться преимущества/ над кем-л.
you'll get little by it - вы мало чего этим добьётесь, вы немного от этого выиграете
you'll get nothing by it - вам это ничего не даст [см. тж. 4)]
to get permission from smb. to do smth., to get leave of /from/ smb. to do smth. - получить разрешение /позволение/ у кого-л. сделать что-л.
to get admission to - получать доступ /допуск/ в /к/
to get the prize - получить приз /премию/
to get a place - спорт. занять одно из первых мест в соревновании
to get total points - спорт. набрать общую сумму очков
4) зарабатывать, получатьto get (good) wages - получать (хорошую) зарплату, (хорошо) зарабатывать
to get a /one's/ living - зарабатывать на жизнь
to get £6,000 a year [quite a lot] - получать /зарабатывать/ 6000 фунтов в год [довольно много]
to get one's liberty - получить свободу, выйти на свободу [см. тж. 3)]
if I am not working I get no pay - если я не работаю, мне не платят
to get nothing by /out of/ it - ничего не заработать на этом [ср. тж. 3)]
I will see what I can get for it - посмотрим, что я смогу за это получить, посмотрим, что мне за это дадут
you won't get much for that old piano - за это старое пианино ты много не получишь /не выручишь/
5) получатьto get a letter [a postcard] - получить письмо [открытку]
to get good [bad] news - получить хорошее [дурное] известие
to get word - получить сообщение /известие/
to get smth. from abroad - получать что-л. из-за границы [ср. тж. 6)]
I got his answer this morning - я сегодня утром получил от него ответ [ср. тж. 3)]
this room gets no sun - в эту комнату не попадает /не проникает/ солнце
he gets it from his mother - это (эта черта характера и т. п.) у него от матери, это он унаследовал от матери
6) покупать, приобретатьto get a book - приобрести /купить/ книгу
to get a new coat [hat, suit] (at /from/ Harrod's) - купить новое пальто [-ую шляпу, -ый костюм] (в магазине Хэррода)
to get commodities from abroad - покупать /приобретать/ товары за границей
to get smth. very cheap - купить что-л. очень дёшево
get milk as well! - и молоко купи!
I get my meat from the local butcher - я покупаю мясо в соседнем мясном магазине
2. 1) поймать, схватитьto get the thief - поймать /схватить/ вора
to get smb. by the throat - а) схватить кого-л. за горло (и начать душить); б) взять кого-л. за горло
to get the tip - спорт. перехватить начальный бросок мяча
got you! - ага, попался!
that's got him! - вот он и попался [см. тж. 4]
you've just said the opposite of what you said before, I've got you there! - ты сейчас говоришь совсем не то, что говорил раньше - вот ты и попался!
2) разг. отомститьI'll get you even if it takes the rest of my life - я до тебя доберусь, даже если на это придётся потратить остаток моей жизни
3) захватывать, увлекать, волноватьit doesn't get me - это меня не волнует /не трогает/
4) раздражатьhis rude remarks get me - меня раздражают его грубые высказывания /грубости/
3. 1) понимать, постигатьto get it /smth./ right - понять /что-л./ правильно
to get smb. wrong - не так /неправильно/ понять кого-л.
to get the hint /the cue/ - понять намёк
I didn't get the last sentence - я не разобрал /не расслышал/ последнее предложение
let me get this clear: is she married or not? - объясните мне /я хочу точно знать/, она замужем или нет?
I don't get you - я вас [этого] не понимаю
I don't get your meaning /you/ - я не понимаю, что вы хотите сказать
I try to make him understand, but he never gets the message - я пытаюсь заставить его понять, но до него ничего не доходит
did you get it?, got me? - вы поняли?
she's got it - а) она это поняла; б) у неё это получилось; [см. тж. II А 6]
2) улавливать, замечать, наблюдатьI didn't get your name - я не уловил /не расслышал/ вашу фамилию
did you get the look on his face? - вы заметили выражение его лица?
4. доводить до сознания; пронятьthat's got him! - это до него дошло!, это его задело [см. тж. 2, 1)]
that sort of behaviour really gets me - такое поведение по-настоящему выводит меня из себя
what's got him? - что с ним?, что его задело?, какая его муха укусила?
5. озадачить, поставить в тупик6. попасть, угодитьthe blow got him in the nose [the head, the knee] - удар пришёлся ему по носу [по голове, колену]
7. получить, «схлопотать»to get one in the eye - прост. получить в глаз, заработать синяк /фонарь/ под глазом
II А1. заразиться; схватить (насморк, грипп и т. п.)to get (a) cold - простудиться, схватить насморк
2. создаваться ( о впечатлении)I got the impression that he was busy - мне показалось /у меня сложилось впечатление/, что он занят
from the style one gets the impression that the writing was dashed off hurriedly - по его манере /по тому, как он пишет/ создаётся впечатление, что всё это было написано наспех
3. получать ( по заслугам); подвергаться ( наказанию)he got three years - его приговорили к трём годам, он «заработал» три года
that's what you get by talking too much - вот что получается, когда слишком много болтают
we get 7.5 as the average - в среднем у нас получилось 7,5
when you add two and two you get four - если сложить два и два получится четыре, два плюс два - четыре
dividing nine by three we get three - девять, делённое на три, - три
5. 1) связываться, устанавливать контакт, связь (по радио, телефону; тж. get through, get to)did you get Paris? - ты связался с Парижем?
the line was busy and we couldn't get him - телефон был занят, и мы не могли связаться с ним
2) поймать (по радио)can you get Moscow on your radio? - ты ловишь /можешь поймать/ Москву по своему приёмнику?
6. выучивать (роль, стихотворение и т. п.)to get smth. (off) by heart /by rote/ - выучить что-л. наизусть, запомнить что-л.
she's got it - она выучила это [см. тж. I 3, 1)]
7. готовить ( еду)8. съедать (завтрак, обед и т. п.)I'll get something to eat before I go out - я что-нибудь поем перед уходом
9. только в наст. вр. иметься, встречатьсяyou get many flowers in this region - в этом районе (имеется) много цветов
you get different answers to such riddles - у таких загадок много разных ответов
10. родить, производить на свет ( о животных)II Б1. to get to á place попадать, прибывать куда-л.; добираться до какого-л. места; достигать какого-л. пунктаto get home - попасть домой, добраться до дому [см. тж. ♢ ]
to get to Moscow [to London, to Paris] - прибыть в Москву [в Лондон, в Париж]
when do we get to New York? - когда мы будем в Нью-Йорке?
I'll get home, then - ну, я отправляюсь /пошёл/ домой
what time did you get here? - в какое время /когда/ вы сюда прибыли /приехали, пришли/?
how do I get there? - как мне туда попасть?
how did this box get here? - как сюда попала эта коробка?, каким образом эта коробка очутилась здесь?
where's my pen got to? - куда делась моя ручка?
where can he have got to? - куда он делся /запропастился/?
where did you get to? - до какого места (в книге и т. п.) ты дошёл?
2. to get smb., smth. to á place провожать кого-л. куда-л.; доставлять кого-л., что-л. куда-л.; перевозить, переносить кого-л., что-л. куда-л.to get smb. home - проводить /доставить/ кого-л. домой
to get smb. to Moscow [to London, to Paris] - привезти кого-л. в Москву [в Лондон, в Париж]
to get smb., smth. upstairs - перенести /перетащить/ кого-л., что-л. наверх
to get smb. to bed - уложить кого-л. в постель
how will you get it here? - как вы это сюда доставите?
3. 1) to get into á place входить куда-л.; влезать куда-л.; попадать, проникать куда-л.to get into a room [into a building] - войти /попасть/ в комнату [здание]
to get into a car - влезать /садиться/ в машину
to get into society - попасть в высший свет, проникнуть в светское общество
2) to get out of á place выходить откуда-л.; вылезать, выбираться откуда-л.to get out of a room [a building] - выбраться из комнаты [здания]
to get out of the train - выйти из поезда, сойти с поезда
the train has already got out of the station - поезд уже отошёл от станции
to get out of the wood - а) выбраться из лесу; б) выпутаться из затруднительного положения
to get out of prison - совершить побег, бежать из тюрьмы
3) to get out of á state, á condition выйти из какого-л. состояния, положенияto get out of the rain - а) укрыться от дождя; б) избежать неприятности
to get out of sight /hearing/ - скрываться
get out of my sight! - убирайся!, с глаз долой!
get out of my way! - прочь с дороги!
4. 1) to get smb., smth. into á place вводить кого-л. куда-л.; проводить кого-л. куда-л.; протаскивать что-л. куда-л.; вводить, вкладывать, всовывать, втискивать что-л. куда-л.to get smb. into a room - привести /провести/ кого-л. в комнату; затащить кого-л. в комнату
to get the key into the lock - вставить /всунуть/ ключ в замок
at last she got all her dresses into the suitcase - наконец она втиснула все свои платья в чемодан
2) to get smb., smth. out of place выводить кого-л. откуда-л.; вынимать, доставать что-л. из чего-л.to get smb. out of a room [a building] - вывести кого-л. из комнаты [здания]
to get the key out of the lock - вынуть /вытащить/ ключ из замка
to get a book out of one's bag - вытащить /достать/ книгу из портфеля
to get smb. out of prison - «вытащить» кого-л. из тюрьмы; помочь кому-л. бежать из тюрьмы
to get smth., smb. out of the way - избавиться от чего-л., кого-л.; разделаться с чем-л., с кем-л.
5. to get smth. out of /from/ smb. выведывать, выспрашивать, выуживать что-л. у кого-л.I could get nothing out of him - я у него ничего не смог выведать /добиться/
to get an answer from smb. - добиться ответа от кого-л.
we'll never get anything out of him - мы ничего от него не добьёмся /из него не вытянем/, он никогда ничего не скажет
they could get no money out of him - они не смогли выпросить у него денег; денег он им так и не дал
6. to get out of smth. /doing smth./ избавляться от чего-л. /от какого-л. дела/to get out of a job /doing a job/ - избавиться /уклониться/ от этой работы
to get out of going somewhere - избежать необходимости идти /ехать/ куда-л.; уклониться от поездки куда-л.
you should get out of that bad habit - ты должен избавиться от этой дурной привычки
you'll have to talk to him, there's no getting out of it - ничего не поделаешь, придётся тебе с ним поговорить
7. to get to do /doing/ smth. разг. начинать делать что-л.to get to know - узнавать; знакомиться
how did you get to know him? - как ты с ним познакомился?
how did you get to know that I was here? - как ты узнал, что я здесь?
if I get to see him I'll ask him about it - если я его увижу, я спрошу (его) об этом
you're getting to be a bad influence on my children - вы начинаете оказывать на моих детей дурное влияние
to get to like smth., smb. - полюбить что-л., кого-л.
it got to be quite pleasant there after a while - через некоторое время там стало довольно мило
he got working - он взялся за работу /приступил к работе/
things haven't really got going yet - дела ещё не развернулись по-настоящему
now, get going /moving, cracking/! - разг. давай действуй!
8. 1) to get smb. to do smth. заставлять, убеждать, уговаривать кого-л. делать что-л.to get smb. to go [to read] - заставить кого-л. идти [читать]
to get a man to speak - а) заставить человека заговорить; б) убедить кого-л. выступить
to get smb. (to speak) on a subject - заставить кого-л. высказаться на определённую тему
to get them to listen to reason - заставить /убедить/ их прислушаться к голосу рассудка
I got him fo lend me £5 - я уговорил его дать мне взаймы 5 фунтов
I cannot get anyone to do the work properly - я не могу добиться, чтобы эту работу сделали как следует
2) to get smth. to do /doing/ smth.:to get a tree to grow in a bad soil - суметь вырастить дерево на плохой почве
can you get the door to shut? - ты можешь сделать так, чтобы дверь закрылась?
9. to get smth. done сделать что-л. (о действии, совершаемом кем-л. по желанию или указанию говорящего)we are getting our apartment newly papered - нам /у нас/ заново оклеивают квартиру (обоями)
10. to get into smth. разг.1) (серьёзно) изучать (что-л.); овладеть (чем-л.)I am trying to get into Beethoven - я пытаюсь серьёзно заняться Бетховеном
2) привыкнуть (к чему-л.), научиться (чему-л.)I'll soon get into the way of things here - я скоро ко всему здесь привыкну
11. to get into á state, á condition попадать в какое-л. положение, состояниеto get into time-trouble - шахм. попасть в цейтнот
to get into a rage /into a wax/ - взбеситься, рассвирепеть, прийти в ярость
to get into a tantrum - устроить /закатить/ истерику
to get into touch with smb. - устанавливать контакт /устанавливать непосредственную связь/ с кем-л.
to get into the habit of... - приобрести /усвоить/ привычку...
to get into shape - спорт. прийти в (хорошую) форму
12. to get smth., smb. into á state приводить что-л., кого-л. в какое-л. состояниеto get smb. into trouble - а) подвести кого-л.; б) быть виновником чьей-л. беременности
he got the girl into trouble - девушка забеременела /понесла/ от него
to get smth. ready - подготовить что-л.
try to get him into good humour - постарайтесь привести его в хорошее расположение духа
I cannot get the work done properly - я не могу добиться, чтобы работа была сделана как надо
can you get the work finished in time? - вы можете кончить работу вовремя?
to get one's hands dirty - испачкать /измазать/ руки
he got his wrist broken [dislocated] - он сломал [вывихнул] руку в кисти
13. to get into clothes, etc надевать что-л., напяливать одежду и т. п.get into your coat quickly! - быстро надень пальто!
I couldn't get into the shoes - я не мог влезть в ботинки, ботинки не влезали
14. to get over smth.1) переходить, перелезать через что-л.; переправляться через что-л.2) преодолеть (трудность, препятствие)he will have to get over their objections - ему придётся поспорить с ними /настоять на своём/
3) оправиться, выздороветь; прийти в себя4) переносить; свыкаться с мысльюI cannot get over his abominable behaviour - я не могу привыкнуть к его отвратительному поведению
I can't get over the fact that... - никак не могу поверить в то, что...
5) покрыть, пройти ( расстояние)the horse got over the distance in 10 minutes - лошадь покрыла это расстояние за 10 минут
15. to get over smb.1) = to get round smb.2) забыть кого-л., перестать страдать по ком-л.16. to get ac ross smth. = to get over smth. 1)17. to get through smth.1) проходить; пробираться через, сквозь что-л.2) кончитьhe gets through an astounding amount of work - он успевает сделать огромное количество работы
they get through ten bottles a week - они выпивают по десять бутылок в неделю
3) выживать, выдерживатьhow shall I ever get through this? - как я всё это вынесу?
how can I get through this week without you? - как я проживу /вынесу/ эту неделю без тебя?
18. to get at smb.1) добираться до кого-л.he was difficult /not easy/ to get at - а) к нему было трудно попасть; б) к нему было трудно подступиться
2) нападать на кого-л., добираться до кого-л.who are you getting at? - на кого ты нападаешь?
3) подкупить кого-л.19. to get at smth.1) добираться до чего-л.the books are locked up and we can't get at them - книги заперты, и мы не можем их достать
put the food where the cat can't get at it - спрячь продукты так, чтобы кошка до них не добралась
the house is difficult to get at - к этому дому трудно подобраться /подступиться/
2) постигнуть, понять что-л.; выяснить что-л.to get at the result - выяснить /узнать/ результат
I found it hard to get at what drove them - я никак не мог понять, что ими движет /их мотивов/
3) дать понятьwhat are you getting at? - а) что вы хотите сказать?; б) чего вы добиваетесь?
4) приниматься за что-л.I must get at this essay tonight - я должен сегодня же вечером взяться за /начать/ эту статью
I want to get at the redecorating this weekend - я хочу начать ремонт /приступить к ремонту/ в субботу
20. to get to smb. связаться с кем-л.when we got to him... - когда мы с ним связались...; когда мы ему дозвонились...
21. to get to smth.1) приниматься за что-л., начинать что-л.2) доходить до чего-л.to get to grips with см. grip1 I 1, 1)
22. to get round smb. обмануть, перехитрить, обойти кого-л.; уговорить кого-л.how did you get round him? - как тебе удалось перехитрить /провести/ его?
she knows how to get round him - она знает, как обвести его (вокруг пальца)
23. to get round smth.1) обходить (препятствие, закон, вопрос)2) преодолевать ( трудности)24. to get on smth.1) взбираться, влезатьto get on one's feet - вставать (чтобы произнести речь, тост и т. п.)
2) садиться в (трамвай и т. п.)here is your horse, get on - вот ваша лошадь, садитесь
25. to get off smth. слезать с чего-л.to get off a bicycle [a horse] - слезать с велосипеда [лошади]
get off that chair! - освободите кресло!
get off the grass! - не ходите по траве!
get off my back! - оставь меня в покое!, отцепись от меня!
26. to get smb., smth. off smth. убрать кого-л., что-л. откуда-л.to get smb. off the train - снять кого-л. с поезда
27. to get under smth. проходить, пролезать под чем-л.28. to get smth. under á state, á condition привести что-л. в какое-л. состояние, положениеto get smth. under control - а) установить контроль над чем-л. б) навести порядок в чём-л.
to get smb. under one's sway /influence/ - подчинить кого-л. своему влиянию
29. to get onto smb.1) связаться с кем-л.I'll get onto the director and see if he can help - я свяжусь с директором, может быть, он сможет помочь
2) разоблачатьhe tricked people for years until the police got onto him - он годами обманывал людей, пока полиция не разоблачила его
III А1. разг.1) to have got иметьwhat have you got there? - что это у вас там?
I haven't got a penny - у меня нет ни пенса /ни гроша/
I've got an idea that... - я думаю, что..., мне кажется, что...
2) to have got to do smth. быть должным что-л. сделатьyou've got to listen to what I say - ты обязан /должен/ меня выслушать
2. как глагол-связка в составном именном сказуемом становитьсяto get cool - а) становиться прохладным; охлаждаться; б) успокаиваться
to get free - а) освободиться, избавиться; б) спорт. освободиться ( от противника)
to get clear (of debts) - освободиться /избавиться/ (от долгов), разделаться (с долгами)
to get hot - а) разгорячиться; I'm getting hot - мне становится жарко; б) раздражаться
to get better - а) поправляться (после болезни и т. п.); б) улучшаться, становиться лучше
to get worse - а) ухудшаться ( о состоянии больного); б) ухудшаться, становиться хуже
don't get rough! - не груби!, не хами!; не давай волю рукам
to get done with smth., smb. - покончить с чем-л., с кем-л.
to get married - (по)жениться; выйти замуж
to get left - а) быть оставленным; б) остаться в дураках, быть одураченным, остаться с носом
to get beaten - а) быть избитым; б) быть побеждённым; потерпеть поражение
to get rubber-legged - спорт. потерять устойчивость
get set! - спорт. приготовиться! ( команда)
to get limbered up - спорт. размяться
3. в сочетании с последующим существительным выражает действие, соответствующее значению существительного:to get a fright /a scare/ - испугаться, напугаться, перепугаться
to get some sleep - вздремнуть, соснуть
to get a sight of smb., smth. - увидеть /заметить/ кого-л., что-л.
to get a glimpse [a peep] of smb., smth. - увидеть кого-л., что-л. мельком [украдкой]
♢
to get to bed - лечь в постель; лечь спать
to get one's breath /wind/ - отдышаться; перевести дыхание; прийти в себя
to get wind - редк. распространиться ( о слухе)
to get wind of smth. - почуять что-л.; узнать /пронюхать/ что-л.; своевременно разгадать что-л.
to get the wind up, to get cold feet - сл. сдрейфить, струсить
to get the wind, to get to the windward - мор. выйти на ветер
to get the wind of smb. - иметь преимущество перед кем-л., быть в более благоприятных условиях, чем кто-л.
to get back to the bunch - спорт. «достать» головную группу
to get to close quarters - а) сблизиться, подойти на близкую дистанцию; б) столкнуться лицом к лицу; в) сцепиться в споре
to get the upper hand - одержать победу, взять верх, одолеть; иметь превосходство /перевес/
to get the whip-hand of smb. - иметь кого-л. в своём полном подчинении
to get the better (end) of smb. - получить преимущество перед кем-л., взять верх над кем-л., превзойти /перехитрить/ кого-л.; ≅ за пояс заткнуть кого-л.
to get the worst of it - потерпеть жестокое поражение; быть в наихудшем положении; вынести всю тяжесть чего-л.
to get into smb.'s confidence - втереться кому-л. в доверие
to get it /smth./ into one's head - вбить себе это /что-л./ в голову
to get smb., smth. out of one's head /one's mind/ - выбросить кого-л., что-л. из головы
to get smth. /it/ off one's chest - а) облегчить душу, чистосердечно сознаться в чём-л.; б) разразиться речью по поводу чего-л.
to get smth. /it/ off one's conscience - успокоить свою совесть (в отношении чего-л.)
to get one's (own) way - делать /поступать/ по-своему; настоять, поставить на своём, добиться своего
to get in the way /in smb.'s way, in smb.'s road/ - мешать /препятствовать/ кому-л., стоять у кого-л. на пути; стать кому-л. поперёк дороги
to get under way - а) отплывать, отходить; б) тронуться в путь, отправиться, выехать; в) начать проводить в жизнь, осуществлять; пускать в ход
where does that get us? - что нам это даёт?
now we're getting somewhere! - ну, наконец-то мы сдвинулись с места!
you won't get anywhere if you behave like that - вы ничего не добьётесь, если будете себя так вести
how did you get that way? - амер. как это тебя угораздило?
to get into a mess /into a muddle/ - попасть в беду /в трудное положение/, запутаться, «влипнуть»
to get into deep waters - находиться в тяжёлом /затруднительном, опасном/ положении
to get out of one's depth - а) зайти слишком глубоко; попасть на глубокое место; не доставать дна; б) зайти слишком далеко
to get on smb.'s nerves, амер. to get under smb.'s skin - действовать кому-л. на нервы, раздражать кого-л.
to get smb.'s back up, to get smb.'s goat - разозлить /рассердить/ кого-л., вывести кого-л. из себя
to get one's blood /dander/ up - разозлиться, разгорячиться, рассердиться, вспылить, выйти из себя
to get in wrong with smb. - попасть в немилость к кому-л., заслужить чью-л. немилость
to get back (some of) one's own, to get (some of) one's own back - отомстить за обиду /оскорбление/, взять реванш
to get one's own back on smb. - отомстить кому-л.
to get even with smb. - свести счёты /расквитаться/ с кем-л.
to get above oneself - зазнаваться, воображать
you're getting above yourself! - не задирай нос!
to get hell, to get it, to get hot, to get it in the neck, to get a rap on /over/ the knuckles - получить выговор /(хороший) нагоняй, (хорошую, здоровую) взбучку, нахлобучку/; получить по шее; нарваться на выговор
to get rid of smb., smth. - избавиться /отвязаться, отделаться/ от кого-л., чего-л.
to get the mitten /the sack, the push, the gate/ - а) быть уволенным /выгнанным с работы/, «вылететь»; б) получить отказ /отставку/, быть отвергнутым ( о женихе)
to get the boot /the kick/ = to get the mitten а)
to get the bird - а) = to get the mitten а); б) быть освистанным /ошиканным/ (амер. тж. to get the big bird /the raspberry/)
to get there /ahead/ - достичь своей цели, добиться своего; преуспеть, достигнуть успеха
to get somewhere - достигнуть чего-л.
to get nowhere - ничего не достигнуть; не достичь своей цели; не сдвинуться с мёртвой точки
to get home - а) достигать своей цели; преуспевать, иметь успех; б) восстановить утраченное; оправиться после денежных затруднений; занять прежнее положение; в) выиграть, одержать победу ( о спортсмене); г) нанести удар; попасть в цель; попасть в точку; д) задеть за живое, ударить по больному месту; [см. тж. II Б 1]
to get out of hand - отбиться от рук, выйти из подчинения /повиновения/, распуститься; выйти из-под власти /влияния, контроля/
to get one's hands on smth. - достать /раздобыть/ что-л.
I got my hands on a pair of shoes that I really like - мне удалось достать пару туфель, которые мне по-настоящему нравятся
to get one's hand in it, to get the hang /the feel/ of it - набить руку, приобрести навык /умение, сноровку/ в чём-л., освоиться с чем-л.
to get it down fine - основательно изучить /узнать/ что-л.
to get wise to smth. - узнать что-л., познакомиться с чем-л.; осознавать /понимать/ что-л.; раскрыть что-л.
to get down to brass tacks - а) перейти к делу; б) реально смотреть на вещи
to get to the heart of the matter, to get to the back of smth. - добраться /докопаться/ до сути чего-л.; понять сущность чего-л.
to get it on - сл. приходить в восторг, быть охваченным энтузиазмом
to get religion - а) стать очень набожным; б) быть обращённым, принять веру
to get out of bed on the wrong side - ≅ встать с левой ноги
to get out from under - сл. «смотать удочки»
to have got it bad - «заболеть», сильно увлечься (чем-л.)
he's got it bad for her - он здорово ею увлёкся /втюрился, втрескался в неё/
get! - амер. убирайся!, вон!
get off it! - хвати!, кончай!
-
6 compañerismo
m.companionship, fellowship, fraternity, friendship.* * *1 companionship, fellowship, comradeship* * *noun m.fellowship, comradeship* * *SM (=camaradería) comradeship, friendship; (Dep etc) team spirit* * *masculino comradeship* * *= collegiality, togetherness, fraternity, team spirit.Ex. In the name of collegiality, students are victimized, considerable intellectual resources are being squandered, and the general public is deliberately misled.Ex. Mayo maintained that workers are motivated by ' togetherness' and crave individual recognition within the group = Mayo mantenía que los trabajadores se motivan por la solidaridad y anhelan el reconocimiento individual dentro del grupo.Ex. The French revolution, with its emphasis on 'liberty, equality and fraternity,' for all individuals, provided another dimension.Ex. The system works when there is good productivity, high morale, a friendly, competitive team spirit, and a dedication to the organization goals and objectives.----* falto de compañerismo = unsupportive.* * *masculino comradeship* * *= collegiality, togetherness, fraternity, team spirit.Ex: In the name of collegiality, students are victimized, considerable intellectual resources are being squandered, and the general public is deliberately misled.
Ex: Mayo maintained that workers are motivated by ' togetherness' and crave individual recognition within the group = Mayo mantenía que los trabajadores se motivan por la solidaridad y anhelan el reconocimiento individual dentro del grupo.Ex: The French revolution, with its emphasis on 'liberty, equality and fraternity,' for all individuals, provided another dimension.Ex: The system works when there is good productivity, high morale, a friendly, competitive team spirit, and a dedication to the organization goals and objectives.* falto de compañerismo = unsupportive.* * *comradeship* * *
compañerismo sustantivo masculino
comradeship
compañerismo sustantivo masculino companionship, comradeship
' compañerismo' also found in these entries:
English:
camaraderie
- companionship
- fellowship
- team-spirit
* * *compañerismo nmcomradeship* * *m comradeship* * *compañerismo nm: comradeship, camaraderie -
7 CULTURE, LITERATURE, AND LANGUAGE
■ Bell, Aubrey F. G. The Oxford Book of Portuguese Verse: XIIth Century-XXth Century. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1925, 1952 (2nd edition, B. Vi-digal, ed.).■. Portuguese Literature. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1922, 1970 (2nd edition, B. Vidigal, ed.).■ Bleiberg, German, Maureen Ihrie, and Janet Pérez, eds. Dictionary of the Literature of the Iberian Peninsula, 2 vols. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1993.■ Castro, Francisco Lyon de, ed. História da literatura portuguesa, 7 vols. Lisbon: Alfa, 2001-02.■ Cidade, Hernani. Lições de Cultura e Literatura Portuguesa, 3 vols. Lisbon, 1960-62.■ Cook, Manuela. Portuguese: A Complete Course for Beginners. London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1996. Figueiredo, Fidelino. História literária de Portugal. Coimbra, 1944. Gentile, Georges Le. La Littérature Portugaise. Rev. ed. Paris, 1951. Kunoff, Hugo. Portuguese Literature from Its Origins to 1990: A Bibliography Based on the Collections at Indiana University. Metuchen, N.J.: Scarecrow Press, 1994.■ Longland, Jean. Contemporary Portuguese Poetry. A Bilingual Selection. Irvington-on-Hudson: Harvey House, 1966. Prado Coelho, Jacinto do. Dicionário das Literaturas Portuguesas, Galega e Brasileira, 3rd ed. Oporto, 1978. Rossi, Giuseppe C. Storia della letteratura portoghesa. Florence, 1953.■ Santos, João Camilo dos. "Portuguese Contemporary Literature." In Antônio Costa Pinto, ed., Modern Portugal, 218-42. Palo Alto, Calif.: SPOSS, 1998.■ Saraiva, Antônio José. História da cultura em Portugal, 3 vols. Lisbon, 1950-60.■. História da Literatura Portuguesa. Lisbon, 1990 ed.■, and Oscar Lopes. História da Literatura Portuguesa. Oporto and Coimbra, 1992 ed.■ Seguier, Jaime de, ed. Dicionário Prático Ilustrado. Oporto: Lello, 1961 and later eds.■ Simões, João Gaspar. História da poesia portuguesa, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1955-56 and later eds.■. História da poesia portuguesa do século XX. Lisbon, 1959 and later eds.■ Stern, Irwin, ed.-in-chief. Dictionary of Brazilian Literature. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1988.■ TRAVEL AND TOURIST GUIDES ON PORTUGAL■ Ballard, Sam, and Jane Ballard. Pousadas of Portugal: Unique Lodgings in State-owned Castles, Palaces, Mansions and Hotels. Boston: Harvard Common, 1986.■ Bridge, Ann, and Susan Lowndes Marques. The Selective Traveller in Portugal. London: Chatto & Windus, 1968.■ Ellingham, Mark, et al. Portugal: The Rough Guide. London: Rough Guides, 2008 ed.■ Hogg, Anthony. Travellers' Portugal. London: Solo Mio, 1983.■ Kite, Cynthia, and Ralph Kite. Portuguese Country Inns & Pousadas. New York: Warner Books; Karen Brown's Country Inn Series, 1988.■ Lowndes, Susan, ed. Fodor's Portugal 1991. New York: Fodor's, 1990.■ Proença Raúl, and Sant'anna Dionísio, eds. Guía De Portugal. I. Generalidades. Lisboa E, Arredores. Lisbon: Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian, 1924; 1983.■ Robertson, Ian. Portugal: Blue Guide. London: Benn; New York: Norton, 2000 and later eds.■ Stoop, Anne de. Living in Portugal. Paris and New York: Flammarion, 1995. Wright, David, and Patrick Swift. Minho and North Portugal: A Portrait and Guide. New York: Scribners, 1968.■. Lisbon: A Portrait and Guide. New York: Scribners, 1971.■. Algarve: A Portrait and Guide. New York: Scribners, 1973.■ HISTORY OF PORTUGAL Ancient and Medieval (2000 BCE-1415 CE)■ Alarção, Jorge de. Roman Portugal. Volume I: Introduction. Warminster, U.K., 1988.■ Almeida, Fortunato de. História de Portugal. Vol. I. Coimbra, 1922. Arnaut, Salvador Dias. A Crise Nacional dos fins do século XVI. Vol. 1. Coimbra, 1960.■ Baião, Antônio, Hernani Cidade, and Manuel Múrias, eds. História de Expansão Portuguesa no Mundo, 3 vols. Lisbon, 1937-40. Caetano, Marcello. Lições de História do Direito Português. Coimbra, 1962. Cortesão, Jaime. Os Factores Democráticos no Formação de Portugal. Lisbon, 1960.■ David, Pierre. Etudes Historiques sur la Galice et le Portugal du VI au XII siécle. Paris, 1947.■ Dias, Eduardo Mayone. Portugal's Secret Jews: The End of an Era. Rumford, R.I.: Peregrinação Publications, 1999. Diffie, Bailey W. Prelude to Empire: Portugal Overseas before Henry the Navigator. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1960. Dutra, Francis A. "Portugal: To 1279." Dictionary of the Middle Ages. Vol. X: 35-48. New York: Scribners, 1987.■. "Portugal: 1279-1481." Dictionary of the Middle Ages. Vol. X: 48-56. New York: Scribners, 1987. Gama Barros, Henrique de. História de Administração Pública em Portugal nos séculos XII à XV, 11 vols. Lisbon, 1945-51. Godinho, Vitorino Magalhães. A Economia dos Descobrimentos Henriquinos. Lisbon, 1962.■ Gonzaga de Azevedo, Luís. História de Portugal, 6 vols. Lisbon, 1939-44.■ Herculano, Alexandre. História de Portugal, 8 vols., 9th ed. Lisbon, 1940.■ Kennedy, Hugh. Muslim Spain and Portugal: A Political History of al-Anda-lus. London: Longman, 1996.■ Lencastre e Tavora, Luía Gonzaga. O Estudo da Sigilografia Medieval Portuguesa. Lisbon, 1990.■ Livermore, H. V. The Origins of Spain and Portugal. London: Allen & Unwin, 1971.■ Lopes, David. "Os Árabes nas obras de Alexandre Herculano." Boletim da Segunda Classe. Lisbon: Academia Real das Sciéncias, III (1909-10). MacKendrick, Paul. The Iberian Stones Speak. New York: Funk & Wagnalls, 1969.■ Martinez, Pedro Soares. História Diplomática De Portugal [chapter I, 114315]. Lisbon, 1986.■ Mattoso, José, ed. A Nobreza Medieval Portuguesa: A Família e o Poder. Lisbon: Estampa, 1981.■. Religião e cultura na Idade Média Portuguesa. Lisbon: Imprensa Nacional, 1982.■. Identificaçao de um país ( ensaio sobre as orígens de Portugal), 2 vols. Lisbon: Estampa, 1985.■. Novos Ensaios de História Medieval Portuguesa. Lisbon: Edit. Presença, 1988.■. Historia de Portugal. Vol. 2: A Monarquia Feudal ( 1096-1480). Lisbon: Estampa, 1993.■ Oliveira Marques, A. H. de. Hansa e Portugal na Idade Média. Lisbon, 1959.■. Introduçao à História da Agricultura em Portugal. Lisbon, 1968.■. Daily Life in Portugal in the Middle Ages. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1971.■. Ensaios de História Medieval Portuguesa. Lisbon, 1980.■. "Introduçao à História da Cidade Medieval Portuguesa." Bracara Augusta XXV, 92-93 (January-December 1981): 367-87.■. Guía do Estudante de História Medieval Portuguesa, 3rd ed. Lisbon, 1985.■. Portugal Na Crise Dos Séculos XIV e XV-Vol. IV of Serrão and Oliveira Marques, Nova História de Portugal. Lisbon, 1987.■ Peres, Damião de, ed. História de Portugal. Vols. I, II. Barcelos, 1928-29.■ Rau, Virginia. Subsídios para o estudo das Feiras Medievais Portuguesas. Lisbon, 1943.■. Sesma'rias Medievais Portuguesas. Lisbon, 1946.■ Ribeiro, Orlando. "Portugal, formação de." Dicionário da História de Portugal. Vol. III, 432-51. Lisbon, 1966.■ Rogers, Francis M. The Travels of the Infante Dom Pedro of Portugal. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1961.■ Russell, P. E. The English Intervention in Spain and Portugal in the Time of Edward III and Richard II. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1955.■ Savory, H. N. Spain and Portugal: The Prehistory of the Iberian Peninsula. New York: Thames and Hudson, 1968.■ Silva, Armando Coelho Ferreira. A Cultura Castreja no Noroeste de Portugal. Pacos de Ferreira, 1986.■ Varagnac, André. O Homem antes da Escrita ( Pre-história). Lisbon, 1963.■ Azevedo, J. Lúcio de. História de António de Vieira, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1918-20.■. Épocas de Portugal Económico. Lisbon, 1929.■ Borges de Macedo, Jorge. Problemas de História de Indústria Portuguesa no Século X VIII. Lisbon, 1963.■. "Pombal." Dicionário de História de Portugal. Vol. III, 415-23. Lisbon, 1968.■ Bovill, Edward W. The Battle of the Alcazar: An Account of the Defeat of Dom Sebastian at El-Ksar el-Kebir. London, 1952.■ Boxer, C. R. Four Centuries of Portuguese Expansion, 1415-1825: A Succinct Survey. Johannesburg, South Africa: Witwaterstrand University Press, 1961.■. The Portuguese Seaborne Empire 1415-1825. London: Hutchinson, 1969.■. João de Barros: Portuguese Humanist and Historian of Asia. New Delhi, India: Xavier Centre, 1981.■ Cheke, Marcus. Dictator of Portugal: A Life of the Marquis of Pombal, 16991782. London: Sidgwick & Jackson, 1938.■ Cunha, Luís da. Testamento Político. Lisbon, 1820.■ Davidson, Lillias C. Catherine of Bragança. London: John Murray, 1908.■ Dutra, Francis A. "Membership in the Order of Christ in the Seventeenth Century." The Americas 27 (1970): 3-25.■ Eberlein, H. D., and R. W. Ramsdell. The Practical Book of Italian, Spanish and Portuguese Furniture. Philadelphia: Lippincott, 1927.■ Ericeira, Luís de Meneses [Count of]. História de Portugal Restaurado, 4 vols. Oporto, 1945.■ Fisher, H. E. S. "Anglo-Portuguese Trade, 1700-70." Economic History Review XVI, 2 (1963): 219-33.■ Francis, A. D. The Methuens and Portugal: 1691-1708. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1966.■ Hanson, Carl A. Economy and Society in Baroque Portugal, 1668-1703. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1981.■ Herculano, Alexandre. History of the Origin and Establishment of the Inquisition in Portugal. New York: AMS Press, 1968 reprint.■ Kendrick, T. D. The Lisbon Earthquake. London: Methuen, 1956.■ Livermore, H. V. "The Privileges of an Englishman in the Kingdom and Dominions of Portugal." Atlante 11 (1954): 57-77.■ Macauley, Neil. Dom Pedro: The Struggle for Liberty in Brazil and Portugal, 1798-1834. Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press, 1986.■ Macauley, Rose. They Went to Portugal. London: Jonathan Cape, 1946.■. They Went to Portugal, Too. London: Carcanet, 1990.■ Magalhães Godinho, Vitorino. Prix et Monnaies au Portugal. Paris, 1955.■. "Portugal and Her Empire." In New Cambridge Modern History. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, Vol. V (1961): 384-97; Vol. VI (1961): 509-10.■. A Economia dos descobrimentos henri-quinos. Lisbon, 1962.■. Estructura da Antiga Sociedade Portuguesa. Lisbon, 1975.■ Mauro, Frédéric. Le Portugal et l'Atlantique au XVII siécle ( 1570-1670). Paris: SEVPEN, 1960.■ Maxwell, Kenneth. "Pombal and the Nationalization of the Luso-Brazilian Economy." Hispanic American Historical Review XLVIII (November 1968): 608-31.■. Conflicts and Conspiracies: Brazil and Portugal, 1750-1808. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1973.■ Norris, A. H., and R. W. Bremner. The Lines of Torres Vedras. Lisbon: British Historical Society of Portugal, 1980.■ Oliveira, Antônio de. A Vida Económica e Social de Coimbra de 1537 à 1640, 2 vols. Coimbra, 1971-72.■ Prestage, Edgar. The Royal Power and the Cortes in Portugal. Watford, U.K.: Voss & Michael, 1927.■. Portuguese Pioneers. London: Black, 1933.■. "The Mode of Government in Portugal during the Restoration [1640-68] Period." In Edgar Prestage, ed., Melange d'Etudes Portugaises Offerts a M. Georges Le Gentil, 265-70. Lisbon, 1949.■ Rabassa, Gregory. "Padre Antônio Vieira: Portugal's Amazing Polymath." Camões Centre Quarterly 2, 3-4 (Autumn and Winter 1990): 27-32. Rau, Virginia. D. Catarina de Bragança: Rainha de Inglaterra. Lisbon, 1944. Ricard, Robert. "Prophecy and Messianism in the Works of Antônio Vieira." The Americas 37 (1960): 357-88.■ Roche, T. W. E. Philippa: Dona Filipa of Portugal. London: Phillimore, 1971.■ Rogers, Francis M. The Travels of the Infante Dom Pedro of Portugal. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1961.■ Rooney, Peter T. "Hapsburg Fiscal Policies in Portugal, 1580-1640." Journal of European Economic History 23, 3 (1994): 545-62.■ Roth, Cecil. "The Religion of the Marranos." Jewish Quarterly Review 22 (1931): 1-33.■. A History of the Marranos. Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society of America, 1932.■ Saraiva, Antônio José. Inquisição e Cristãos-Novos. Oporto, 1969.■. A Inquisição Portuguesa. Lisbon, 1969 and later eds.■ Schneider, Susan. O Marquês De Pombal E O Vinho Do Porto: Dependência e subdesenvolvimento em Portugal no século XVIII. Lisbon, 1980.■ Shaw, L. M. E. Trade, Inquisition and the English Nation in Portugal, 16401690. London: Carcancet, 1989.■ Shillington, V. M., and A. B. W. Chapman. The Commercial Relations of England and Portugal. London: Routledge, 1907.■ Sideri, Sandro. Trade and Power: Informal Colonialism in Anglo-Portuguese Relations. Rotterdam: Rotterdam University Press, 1970.■ Smith, John Athelstone [Conde de Carnota]. Marquis of Pombal, 2nd ed. London, 1872.■ Thomas, Gerturde Z. Richer Than Spices. New York: Knopf, 1965. Walford, A. R. The British Factory in Lisbon. Lisbon, 1940.■ Baptista, Jacinto. O Cinco de Outubro. Lisbon, 1965. Brandão, Raúl. Memórias, 3 vols. Lisbon, 1969 ed.■ Cabral, Manuel Villaverde. O desenvolvimento do capitalismo em Portugal no século XIX. Lisbon, 1981. Caetano, Marcello. História Breve das Constituções portuguesas. Lisbon, 1971 ed.■ Carnota, Conde da. Memoirs of Marshal, the Duke of Saldanha, with Selections from His Correspondence, 2 vols. London: John Murray, 1880. Carvalho, Joaquim de. Estudos sobre a cultura portuguesa do século XIX. Coimbra, 1955.■ Cheke, Marcus. Carlota Joaquina, Queen of Portugal. London: Sidgwick and Jackson, 1947.■ França, José-Augusto. Zé Provinho na Obra de Rafael Bordalo Pinheiro. Lisbon, 1975.■ Fuschini, Augusto. Liquidações políticas. Lisbon, 1896.■ Godinho, Vitorino Magalhães. Estrutura da Antiga Sociedade Portuguesa. Lisbon, 1975 ed.■ Hammond, Richard J. Portugal and Africa, 1815-1910: A Study in Uneconomic Imperialism. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1966.■ Homem, Amadeu Carvalho. A Propaganda Republicana ( 1870-1910). Coimbra, 1990.■ Livermore, H. V. Portugal: A Short History. Edinburgh, U.K.: Edinburgh University Press, 1973. Machado, Alvaro Manuel. A Geração de 70-uma revolução cultural e literária. Lisbon, 1986 ed.■ Martins, Joaquim Pedro de Oliveira. Portugal Contemporâneo, 3 vols. Lisbon, 1953 ed.■ Medina, João. Eça Político. Lisbon, 1974.■ Mônica, Maria Filomena. Fontes Pereira de Melo. Oporto: Ed. Afrontamento, 1999.■ Nobre, Eduardo. Paixoes Reais. Lisbon: Quimera, 2002.■ Pereira, Miriam Halpern. Livre Câmbio e Desenvolvimento Económico: Portugal na segunda metade do século XIX. Lisbon, 1971.■ Peres, Damião, ed. História de Portugal. Volume III. Barcelos, 1935 ed.■ Ramos, Rui. D.Carlos. 1863-1908. Lisbon: Circulo de Leitores, 2006.■. Liberal Reformism in Portugal. Oliveira Martins, the Movement for New Life and the Politics of the Constitutional Monarchy ( 1885-1908). Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998.■ Rorick, David. Maria da Fonte: History and Myth. M.A. thesis, History Department, Sonoma State University, Sonoma, Calif., 1984.■ Sá, Vítor de. Perspectivas do Século XIX. Lisbon, 1964.■ Serrão, Joel. Sampaio Bruno: O homem e o pensamento. Lisbon, 1958.■. Temas Oitocentistas, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1959-62.■. "Liberalismo." In Joel Serrão, ed., Dicionário de História de Portugal. Vol. II, 732-41. Lisbon, 1965.■. Do Sebastianismo ao Socialismo. Lisbon, 1975 ed.■ Silbert, Albert. Do Portugal de Antiga Regime ao Portugal Oitocentista. Lisbon, 1972.■ Teles, Basílio. Do Ultimatum ao 31 de Janeiro. Lisbon, 1968 ed.■ Parliamentary, Republican Portugal (1910-26)■ Antunes, José Freire. A Cadeira do Sidónio Pais. Lisbon, 1980. Arriaga, Manuel de. Na primeira presidência da República Portugueza: Um rápido relatório. Lisbon, 1916.■ Bell, Aubrey, F. G. In Portugal. London, 1912.■. Portugal of the Portuguese. London: Pitman, 1915.■ Bragança-Cunha, V. de. Revolutionary Portugal, 1910-1936. London: Swift, 1937.■ Brandão, Raúl. Memórias, 3 vols. In Brandão, Obras Completas. Lisbon, 1969.■ Burity, Braz [Pseudonym of Joaquim Madureira]. A Forja da Lei. Coimbra, 1915.■ Cabral, Manuel V. Portugal Na Alvorada Do Século XX. Lisbon, 1979.■. 'The Aesthetics of Nationalism: Modernism and Authoritarianism in Early 20th-Century Portugal." Luso-Brazilian Review (Madison, Wisc.) 26, 1 (Summer 1989): 15-43. Campos, Ezequiel. Política. Oporto, 1924.■ Cardia, Sottomayor, ed. Seara Nova: Antologia. Pela Reforma da República (1, 2) 1921-1926, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1971-72.■ Carqueja, Bento. O Povo de Portugal. Oporto, 1916.■. O Futuro de Portugal: Portugal Apos À Guerra. Oporto, 1920.■ Cortesão, Jaime. "Memórias da Grande Guerra." In Obras Completas de Jaime Cortesão. Lisbon, 1969.■ Cunha Leal, Francisco. As Minhas Memórias, 3 vols. Lisbon, 1966-68.■ Derou, Jean. Les Relations Franco-Portugaises ( 1910-1926). Paris: Publications de la Sorbonne, 1986.■ Fazenda, Pedro. A Crise Política. Lisbon, 1926.■ Ferrão, Carlos. História De la República. Lisbon, 1976.■ Ferreira, David. "5 De Outubro de 1910." In Joel Serrão, ed., Dicionário de História De Portugal III (1968): 264-67. Ferreira Martins, Gen. Luís, ed. Portugal na Grande Guerra, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1945.■ Gomes da Costa, Gen. Manuel. Memórias. Lisbon, 1930. História Política da Primeira República Portuguesa ( 1910-1915), 2 vols. Lisbon, 1973.■ Lorenzo, Felix. Portugal ( cinco anos de republica). Madrid, 1915.■ Machado, Bernardino. Depois de 21 de Maio. Lisbon, 1922.■ Machado Santos, Antônio. 1907-1910: A revolução portugueza. Relatôrio.■ Lisbon, 1911. Madureira, Arnaldo. 0 28 De Maio. Lisbon, 1982.■ Magno, David. Livro da Guerra de Portugal na Flandres. Oporto, 1920.■. A Situação Portuguesa. Oporto, 1926.■ Marques Guedes, Armando. Cinco Meses no governo. Oporto, 1926.■ Martins, Rocha. Memórias sobre Sidónio Pais. Lisbon, 1921.■ Medeiros, Fernando. Nas Orígens Do A Sociedade E A Economia Portuguesas Salazarismo. Lisbon, 1978. Medina, João. "Oh! a República!...," Estudos sobre o Republicanismo e a Primeira República Portuguesa. Lisbon, 1990.■, ed. História Contemporânea De Portugal: Primeira República, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1986.■ Mônica, Maria Filomena. "Uma Aristocracia Operária: Os Chapeleiros (18701913)." Análise Social 60, 2nd series (1979). Montalvor, Luís de, ed. História de Regimen Republicano em Portugal, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1930-32.■ Oliveira, César. O Operariado E A República Democrática, 1910-1914. Oporto, 1972.■ Oliveira Marques, A. H. de. "The Portuguese 1920s: A General Survey." Iberian Studies 2 (1973): 32-40.■. História De la República Portuguesa: As Estruturas De Base, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1973-74.■. A Primeira República Portuguesa: Alguns aspectos estruturais. Lisbon, 1975 ed.■. O Terceiro Governo Afonso Costa— 1917. Lisbon, 1977.■. Pabôn, Jesus. La Revolución Portuguesa, 2 vols. Madrid, 1945-46; Portuguese edition: Lisbon, 1961. Paxeco, Oscar. Os Que Arrancaram Em 28 De Maio. Lisbon, 1937. Peres, Damião, ed. História De Portugal. Ediçao Monumental: Supplemento. Oporto, 1954.■ Pessoa, Fernando. A Memória do Presidente— Rei Sidónio Pais. Lisbon, 1928.■ Relvas, José. Memórias Políticas, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1977-78.■ Schwartzman, Kathleen C. "Lucros, investimentos e coligações políticas na I República." Análise Social XVIII, 72-71 (1982): 741-58.■. The Social Origins of Democratic Collapse: The First Portuguese Republic in the Global Economy. Lawrence: University of Kansas Press, 1989.■ Serrão, Joel. Liberalismo, socialismo e republicanismo. Lisbon, 1979.■ Silva, Antônio Maria da. O Meu Depoimento, 2 vols. Mem Martins, 1978-82.■ Teixeira, Nuno Severiano. O Poder e a guerra, 1914-1918. Lisbon: Estampa, 1996.■, and Antônio Costa Pinto, eds. A Primeira República Portuguesa: Entre O Liberalismo E O Autoritarismo. Lisbon: Ed. Colibri, 2000.■ Telo, Antônio José. Decadência E Queda Da I República Portuguesa, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1980-84.■ Torre (Gomez), Hipôlito dela, and J. Sanchez Cervello. Portugal En El Siglo XX. Madrid: Ediciones Istmo: Colecciôn La Historia en sus textos, 1992.■ Valente, Vasco Pulido. "A República e as classes trabalhadores (Outubro 1910-Agosto 1911)." Análise Social IX, 31 (1972): 293-316.■. O Poder e o Povo: A Revolução de 1910. Lisbon, 1974.■ Veríssimo Serrao, Joaquim. História De Portugal. Volume XI: A Primeira República ( 1910-1926): História Política, Religiosa, Militar e Ultramarina. Lisbon, 1989.■. História De Portugal Volume XII: História Diplomática, Social, Económica e Cultural. Lisbon, 1990.■ Vincent-Smith, John. "Britain and Portugal, 1910-1916." Ph.D. dissertation, History, University of London, 1971.■ Wheeler, Douglas L. "The Portuguese Revolution of 1910." Journal of Modern History 44 (June 1972): 172-94.■. Republican Portugal: A Political History, 1910-1926. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1978.■. "Nightmare Republic: Portugal, 1910-1926." History Today (London) 32 (September 1981): 5-10.■ Young, George. Portugal Old and Young: An Historical Study. Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1917.■ Afonso, Rui. Injustiça: O Caso Sousa Mendes. Lisbon: Caminho, 1990.■ Antunes, José Freire. Os Americanos E Portugal. Vol. 1. Os anos de Ricard Nixon, 1969-1974. Lisbon, 1986.■. Os Americanos e Portugal. 1961. Kennedy e Salazar: O Leão e a Raposa. Lisbon, 1991.■. Salazar/Caetano. Cartas Secretas. 1932-1968. Lisbon: Círculo de Leitores, 1993.■. Jorge Jardim: Agente Secreto. Lisbon: Bertrand, 1996.■. Portugal na guerra do petróleo: Os Açores E As Vitórias de Israel 1973. Lisbon: Edeline, 2000. Aquino, Acácio Tómas de. O Segredo das Prisões Atlânticas. Lisbon, 1978. Araquistain, Luis. "Dictatorship in Portugal." Foreign Affairs 7 (October 1928): 41-53.■ Assac, Jacques Ploncard. Salazar. Paris: La Table Ronde, 1967.■ Baklanoff, Eric N. "The Political Economy of Portugal's Old Regime: Growth and Change Preceding the 1974 Revolution." World Development 7, 8-9 (August-September 1979): 799-812.■ Barreno, Maria Isabel, Maria Teresa Horta, and Maria Velho da Costa. The Three Marias: New Portuguese Letters. New York: Doubleday, 1975.■ Blume, Norman. "SEDES: An Example of Opposition in a Conservative Authoritarian State." Government and Opposition 12 (Summer 1977): 351-66.■ Braga da Cruz, Manuel. A origem da democracia-cristã em Portugal e o Sala-zarismo. Lisbon, 1979.■. "Notas para uma caracterização política do salazarismo." In Gabinete de Investigações Sociais. Análise Social: A Formação de Portugal Contemporâneo: 1900-1980. Vol. I, 72-74 (April-December 1981): 773-94.■. "O Integralismo nas origens do Salazarismo." Análise Social XVIII (1982): 1409-19.■. "A Oposição Eleitoral ao Salazarismo." Revista de História das Ideias V (1983).■. Monárquicos e Republicanos no Estado Novo. Lisbon, 1986.■ Cabral, Manuel V. "Sobre o fascismo e o seu avento em Portugal." Análise Social XII, 48 (1976), 873-915.■ Caetano, Marcello. A Missão Dos Dirigentes. Lisbon, 1966, 4th ed.■. Depoimento. São Paulo, 1974.■. História Breve das Constituições Portugueses. Lisbon, 1974.■. As Minhas Memórias de Salazar. Lisbon, 1977.■ Campinos, Jorge. A Ditadura Militar, 1926-1933. Lisbon, 1975. Carrilho, Maria. Forças Armadas e Mudança Política em Portugal no Século XX. Lisbon, 1985.■, et al. Portugal na Segunda Guerra Mundial Contributos para uma reavaliação. Lisbon, 1989.■ Carvalho, Otelo Saraiva de. Alvorada em Abril. Lisbon, 1977.■ Castanheira, Jose Pedro and Valdemar Cruz. A Filha Rebelde. Lisbon: Temas & Debates, 2003.■ Costa Pinto, Antônio, et al. O Fascismo Em Portugal [Proceedings of Conference, Lisbon, March 1980]. Lisbon, 1982.■. 'The Radical Right and the Military Dictatorship in Portugal: The National May 28 League (1928-1933)." Luso-Brazilian Review 23, 1 (Summer 1986): 1-15.■. "O Salazarismo No Recente Investigação Sobre o Fascismo Europeu...." Análise Social XXV (1990): 695-713.■. As camisas azuis: Ideologias, elites e movimentos fascistas em Portugal, 1914-1945. Lisbon: Estampa, 1994.■. Salazar's Dictatorship and European Fascism: Problems of Interpretation. New York: Columbia University Press, 1995.■. The Blue Shirts: Portuguese Fascists and the New State. New York: Columbia University Press, 2000.■ Delgado, Humberto. The Memoirs of General Delgado. London: Cassell, 1964.■. Memórias De Humberto Delgado. Iva Delgado and Antônio de Figueiredo, eds. Lisbon: Dom Quixote, 1991.■ Duarte Silva, A. E., et al. Salazar E O Salazarismo. Lisbon, 1989.■ Egerton, F. C. C. Salazar, Rebuilder of Portugal. London: Hodder & Stoughton, 1943.■ Ferraz, Artur Ivens. A Asenção de Salazar: Memórias de Ivens Ferraz. Lisbon, 1988.■ Ferro, Antônio. Salazar: O Homem E A Sua Obra. Lisbon, 1933. English edition: Salazar: Portugal and Her Leader. London: Faber & Faber, 1939, and editions in other languages.■. Portugal: Breviário Da Pátria Para Os Ausentes. Lisbon, 1946.■ Figueiredo, Antônio. Portugal and Its Empire: The Truth. London: Gollancz, 1961.■. "The Case Against Portugal." In Philip Mason, ed., Angola: A Symposium. Views of a Revolt, 46-57. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1962.■. Portugal. Fifty Years of Dictatorship. Harmondsworth, U.K.: Penguin, 1975.■ Fox, Ralph. Portugal Now. London, 1937.■ Freitas do Amaral, Diogo. O Antigo Regime E A Revolução. Memórias Políticas ( 1941-1975). Lisbon: Bertrand, 1995.■ Fryer, Peter, and Patricia McGowan Pinheiro. Oldest Ally: A Portrait of Sala-zar's Portugal. London: Dobson, 1961.■ Gallagher, Tom. "Controlled Repression in Salazar's Portugal." Journal of Contemporary History 14, 3 (July 1979): 385-403.■. "The Mystery Train: Portugal's Military Dictatorship 1926-32." European Studies Review 11 (1981): 325-54.■. "From Hegemony to Opposition: The Ultraright Before and After 1974." In L. S. Graham and D. L. Wheeler, eds., In Search of Modern Portugal, 81-103. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1983.■. Portugal: A Twentieth Century Interpretation. Manchester, U.K.: Manchester University Press, 1983.■ Galvão, Henrique. Santa Maria: My Crusade for Portugal. London: Weiden-feld and Nicholson, 1961.■. Carta Aberta ao Dr. Salazar. Lisbon, 1975.■ Gamier, Christine. Vacances avec Salazar. Paris, 1952; American edition: Salazar in Portugal: An Intimate Portrait. New York, 1954. Georgel, Jacques. O Salazarismo. Lisbon, 1985.■ Gouveia, Fernando. Memórias de um Inspector da PIDE. Lisbon, 1979.■ Graham, Lawrence S. "Portugal: The Bureaucracy of Empire." LADAC Occasional Papers series 2, 9 (1973). Austin, Tex.: Institute of Latin American Studies.■. Portugal: The Decline and Collapse of an Authoritarian Order. Beverly Hills, Calif.: Sage, 1975.■. "The Military in Politics: The Politicization of the Portuguese Armed Forces." In L. S. Graham and H. M. Makler, eds., Contemporary Portugal, 221-56. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1979.■, and Harry M. Makler, eds. Contemporary Portugal: The Revolution and Its Antecedents. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1979.■, and Douglas L. Wheeler, eds. In Search of Modern Portugal: The Revolution and Its Consequences. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1983.■ Guyomard, George. La Dictature Militaire au Portugal. Paris, 1927.■ Janeiro, Helena Pinto. Salazar E Pétain. Relações Luso-Francesas Durante A II Guerra Mundial ( 1940-44). Lisbon: Cosmos, 1998.■ Kay, Hugh. "A Catholic View." In Philip Mason, ed., Angola: A Symposium. Views of a Revolt, 80-103. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1962.■. Salazar and Modern Portugal. New York: Hawthorne, 1970.■ Leeds, Elizabeth. "Labor Export, Development and the State: The Political Economy of Portuguese Emigration." Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Political Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1984.■ Lewis, Paul H. "Salazar's Ministerial Elite, 1932-1968."Journal of Politics 40 (August 1987): 622-47.■ Lins, Alvaro. Missão em Portugal. Lisbon, 1974.■ Linz, Juan. "Foreword." In L. Graham and H. M. Makler, eds., Contemporary Portugal: The Revolution and Its Antecedents, xii-xi. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1979.■ Lucena, Manuel. A evolução do sistema corporativo português, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1976.■. "The Evolution of Portuguese Corporatism under Salazar and Caetano." In L. Graham and H. Makler, eds., Contemporary Portugal: The Revolution and Its Antecedents, 47-88. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1979.■ McCarthy, Mary. "Letter from Lisbon." The New Yorker XXX, 51 (February 5, 1955): 80-96.■ Magalhães Godinho, Vitorino. O Socialismo e o Futuro da Peninsula. Lisbon, 1969.■ Makler, Harry M. A " Elite" Industrial Portuguesa. Lisbon, 1969.■. "The Portuguese Industrial Elite and Its Corporative Relations." Economic Development and Cultural Change 24, 3 (April 1976): 495-526.■ Martins, Hermínio. "Opposition in Portugal." Government and Opposition 4 (Spring 1969): 250-63.■. "Portugal." In S. J. Woolf, ed., European Fascism, 302-36. New York: Vintage, 1969.■. "Introduction: Tristes durées." In R. Feijô, H. Martins and J. de Pina-Cabral, eds., Death in Portugal: Studies in Portuguese Anthropology and Modern History. Oxford: Journal of the Anthropological Society of Oxford, 1983.■ Medina, João. Salazar em França. Lisbon, 1977.■. Salazar E Os Fascistas: Salazarismo e Nacional-Sindicalismo: A história dum conflito 1932/1935. Lisbon, 1978.■ Ministério dos Negôcios Estrangeiros, ed. Dez Anos de Política Externa ( 1936-1947): A Nação Portuguesa e a Segunda Guerra Mundial, 12 vols., and in progress. Lisbon, 1964.■ Mônica, Maria Filomena. Educação e Sociedade no Portugal de Salazar. Lisbon, 1978.■ Nogueira, Alberto Franco. Salazar, 6 vols. Coimbra and Oporto, 1978-85.■ Oliveira, César. Portugal e a II República de Espanha, 1931-l 936. Lisbon, 1985.■. Salazar E A Guerra Civil De Espanha, 2nd ed. Lisbon, 1988.■. Os Anos Decisivos: Portugal 1962-1985. Um testemunho. Lisbon: Presença, 1993.■ Oliveira Marques, A. H. de. A Maçonaria Portuguesa e o Estado Novo. Lisbon, 1975.■. History of Portugal; 1 in 2 vols. New York: Columbia University Press, 1976 ed.■. A Liga de Paris E A Ditadura Militar, 1927-1928. Lisbon, 1976.■. História de Portugal, 2 vols. Lisbon: 1980 and later eds.■, ed. A Literatura Clandestina Em Portugal, 1926-1932, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1990.■ Patriarca, Fátima. A Questaão Social no Salazarismo. Vol. 1. Lisbon: INCM, 1995.■. Sindicatos contra Salazar: A revolta do 18 de janeiro de 1934. Lisbon: Instituto de Ciências Sociais, 2000. Pattee, Richard. Portugal and the Portuguese World. Milwaukee, Wisc.: Bruce, 1957.■ Payne, Stanley G. A History of Spain and Portugal. Volume 2. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1973.■. "Salazarism: 'Fascism' or 'Bureaucratic Authoritarianism'?" In Estudos de história portuguesa: Homenagem à A. H. de Oliveira Marques. Lisbon, 1983.■ Pereira, José Pacheco. Conflitos sociais nos campos do sul de Portugal. Mem Martins, 1978.■. A Preparação Ideológica da Intervenção Militar de 28 de Maio de 1926. Oporto, 1978.■. "Problemas da história do P. C. P." In A. Costa Pinto et al., eds., O Fascismo Em Portugal [Proceedings of Conference, University of Lisbon, March 1980], 269-85. Lisbon, 1982.■ Pimentel, Irene Flunser. Judeus em Portugal durante a II Guerra Mundial. Em fuga de Hitler e do Holocausto. Lisbon: Esfera dos Livros, 2006.■ Pires, José Cardoso. Dinossauro Excelentíssimo. Lisbon, 1972.■ Porch, Douglas. The Portuguese Armed Forces and the Revolution. London: Croom Helm, 1977.■ Presidência do Conselho de Ministros. Comissão do Livro Negro Sobre o Regime Fascista ["Black Book" series]. Eleições No Regime Fascista. Lisbon, 1979.■. A Política De Informação No Regime Fascista, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1980.■. Livros Proibidos No Regime Fascista. Lisbon, 1981.■. Presos Políticos No Regime Fascista, 5 vols. Lisbon, 1981-87.■. Relatórios Para Oliveira Salazar, 1931-1939. Lisbon, 1981.■. Discriminação Política No Emprego No Regime Fascista. Lisbon, 1982.■. Proibição Da " Time" No Regime Fascista [ Time magazine July 23, 1946, with Dr. Salazar on cover]. Lisbon, 1982.■. Os Estudantes No Regime Fascista. Lisbon, 1983.■. Trabalho, Sindicatos E Greves No Regime Fascista. Lisbon, 1984.■. Correspondência Entre Mário De Figueiredo E Oliveira Salazar. Lisbon, 1986.■. Repressão Política E Social No Regime Fascista. Lisbon, 1986.■. Correspondência de Pedro Teotónio Pereira para Oliveira Salazar vol. 1 ( 1931-1939), 2 vols. Lisbon, 1987-89.■ Queiroga, Captain Fernando. Portugal Oprimido. Lisbon, 1974.■ Raby, David L. "Populism and the Portuguese Left: From Delgado to Otelo." In L. S. Graham and D. L. Wheeler, eds., In Search of Modern Portugal, 61-80. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1983.■. Fascism and Resistance in Portugal: Communists, Liberals and the Military Dissidents in the Opposition to Salazar, 1941-1974. Manchester, U.K.: Manchester University Press, 1988.■ Raby, Dawn Linda. "The Portuguese Presidential Election of 1949: A Successful Government Maneuver?" Luso-Brazilian Review 27, 1 (Summer 1990): 63-77.■ Rêgo, Raúl. Diário Político. Lisbon, 1969; 1974, 2nd ed.■. Horizontes Fechados. Oporto, 1970.■. Horizontes Fechados/ Páginas de Política, 3rd ed. Lisbon, 1974.■ Ribeiro, Aquilino. Volfrâmio. Lisbon, 1944.■. Quando os Lobos Uivam. Lisbon, 1958; English ed. Patricia McGowan■ Pinheiro, trans. London: Cape, 1963.■ Robinson, Richard A. H. Contemporary Portugal: A History. London and Boston: Allen & Unwin, 1979.■ Rocha, José Antônio De Oliveira. The Portuguese Administrative State. Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Political Science, University of South Carolina, 1986.■ Rosa, Frederico Delgado. Humberto Delgado. Biografia Do General Sem Medo. Lisbon: Esfera dos Livros, 2008. Rosas, Fernando. O Estado Novo Nos Anos Trinta: 1928-1938. Lisbon, 1986.■. O Salazarismo E A Aliança Luso-Britânica. Lisbon, 1988.■. Portugal Entre A Paz E A Guerra... 1939-1945. Lisbon, 1990.■. O Estado Novo ( 1926-1974). Vol. VII of José Mattoso, ed. Historia De■ Portugal. Lisbon: Edit. Estampa, 1994.■. and Pedro Aires Oliveira (eds.). A Transicao Falhada. O Marcelismo e o Fim do Estado Novo ( 1968-1974). Lisbon: Edit. Noticias, 2004.■ Rudel, Christian. Salazar. Paris: Mercure de France, 1969.■ Sá Carneiro, Francisco. Uma Tentativa de Participação política. Lisbon, 1971.■. A Liberalização bloqueada. Lisbon, 1972.■. Vale a Pena ser Deputado? Fundão, 1973.■ Salazar, Antônio de Oliveira. Discursos E Notas Políticas. [Speeches, Broadcasts, Notes and Statements, 1928-1966, 6 vols. Coimbra, 1935-1966]. Several editions.■. Doctrine and Action: Internal and Foreign Policy of the New Portugal, I928-1939. Robert Edgar Broughton, trans. London: Faber & Faber, 1939.■. "Realities and Trends of Portugal's Policies." International Affairs XXXIX, 2 (April 1963): 169-83.■. The Road for the Future [Speeches, statements of policy made during 1928-62]. Lisbon, 1963.■. Entrevistas: 1960-1966 [interviews]. Coimbra, 1967.■. Salazar: Pensamento e doutrina política. Textos anthológicos. [Anthology of speeches, writings, interviews granted, 1914-68]. Mendo C. Henriques and Gonçalo de Sampaio e Melo, eds. Lisbon, 1989.■ Santana, Emilio. Historia de um Atentado. O atentado contra Salazar. Lisbon, 1976.■ Schmitter, Philippe C. Corporatism and Public Policy in Authoritarian Portugal. London: Sage, 1975.■. "Liberation by Golpe: Retrospective Thoughts on the Demise of Authoritarian Rule in Portugal." Armed Forces and Society 2 (Nov. 1975): 5-33.■. "The Impact and Meaning of Elections in Authoritarian Portugal, 1933-74." In G. Hermet et al., eds., Elections Without Choice. Basingstoke, U.K.: Macmillan, 1978.■. "'The 'Regime d'exception' That Became the Rule: Forty-Eight Years of Authoritarian Domination in Portugal." In L. S. Graham and H. M. Mak-ler, eds., Contemporary Portugal: The Revolution and Its Antecedents, 3-46. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1979.■, and Gerhard Lehmbruch, eds. Trends towards Corporatist Intermediation. Beverly Hills, Calif.: Sage, 1979.■ Shelton, Richard L. "Development of the Communist Party of Portugal, 1921-1976." Ph.D. dissertation, Department of History, St. Louis University, 1984.■ Silva, José. Memórias de um operário. Vol. 2. Oporto, 1971. Soares, Mário. Escritos Políticos. Lisbon, 1969.■. Portugal Bailloné. Paris, 1972; Portuguese edition: Portugal Amordaçado, Lisbon, 1974; English edition: Portugal's Struggle for Liberty. Translated by Mary Gawsworth. London: Allen & Unwin, 1975.■ Spínola, Antônio de. Portugal e o Futuro. Lisbon, 1974; English edition: Johannesburg: Perskor, 1974.■ Teixeira, Luis [Sampaio]. Perfil de Salazar. Lisbon, 1938.■ Teixeira, Nuno Severiano. "From Neutrality to Alignment: Portugal in the Foundation of the Atlantic Pact." EUI: Working Papers in History. Florence, Italy: European University Institute, 1991.■ Telo, Antônio José. Portugal na Segunda Guerra. Lisbon, 1987.■. A Neutralidade Portuguesa e o Ouro Nazi. Lisbon: Quetzal, 2000.■ Teotônio Pereira, Pedro. Memórias, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1972-73.■ Vasco, Nuno. Vigiados e perseguidos. Lisbon, 1977.■ Veríssimo, Serrão. Marcelo Caetano: Confidencias No Exílio. Lisbon, 1985. Vintras, R. E. The Portuguese Connection: The Secret History of the Azores Base. London: Bachman & Turner, 1974. West, S. George. The New Corporative State of Portugal [Inaugural lecture, King's College, London, Feb. 1937]. London: New Temple Press, 1937. Wheeler, Douglas L. "Thaw in Portugal." Foreign Affairs 48, 4 (July 1970): 769-81.■. "Days of Wine and Carnations: The Portuguese Revolution of [April 25] 1974." Bulletin. New Hampshire Council on World Affairs XX (July 1974): 1-10.■. "Antônio de Oliveira Salazar (1889-1970)." In Jacques Frémontier, ed., Les Hommes d'Siecle XX: Les Dictateurs. Paris: Mazenod, 1978.■. "The Military and the Portuguese Dictatorship, 1926- 1974." In S. Graham and H. M. Makler, eds., Contemporary Portugal: The Revolution and Its Antecedents, 191-219. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1979.■. "In the Service of Order: The Portuguese Dictatorship's Political Police (PVDE; PIDE) and the British, German and Spanish Intelligence [Services]." Journal of Contemporary History 24, 2 (January 1983): 1-25.■. Republican Portugal: A Political History, 1910-1926. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1978. Portuguese edition: História Política de Portugal, 1910-l926. Mem Martins, 1985.■. "The Price of Neutrality: Portugal, the Wolfram Question, and World War II." Luso-Brazilian Review [two part article] 12, 1-2 (Summer 1986; Winter 1986): 107-27.■. A Ditadura Militar Portuguesa, 1926-1933. Mem Martins, 1988.■. "The Third Pig: From Theory to Grubby Fact in Reassessing the Estado Novo." In B. F. Taggie and R. W. Clement, eds., Iberia & the Mediterranean, 145-68. Warrensburg: Central Missouri State Press, 1989.■. "And Who Is My Neighbor? A World War II Hero of Conscience for Portugal." Luso-Brazilian Review 26, 1 (Summer 1989): 119-39.■. "Antônio de Oliveira Salazar (1889-1970)." In Research Guide to European Historical Biography. Vol. 3. Washington, D.C.: Beacham, 1992.■. "'Estado Presente de tranquilidade,' posto em causa: Portugal observado e analisado no contexto internacional de 1958-59." In Iva Delgado, Carlos Pacheco, and Telmo Faria, eds., Humberto Delgado: As eleições de 58, 448-71. Lisbon: Vega, 1998.■, and René Pélissier. Angola. New York: Praeger and London: Pall Mall, 1971; reprinted: Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1977.■ Wiarda, Howard J. "Toward a Framework for the Study of Political Change in Iberic-Latin Tradition: The Corporative Model." World Politics 25 (January 1973): 206-35.■. Corporatism and Development: The Portuguese Experience. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 1977.■. "The Corporatist Tradition and the Corporative System in Portugal." In L. S. Graham and H. M. Makler, eds., Contemporary Portugal. The Revolution and Its Antecedents, 89-122. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1979.■ Afonso, Rui. Um Homem Bom. Aristides De Sousa Mendes O " Wallenberg Portugues." Lisbon: Caminho, 1995.■. Injustica-o Caso Sousa Mendes. Lisbon: Caminho, 1990.■ Agudo, Manuel Ros. La Guerra Secreta de Franco ( 1939-1945). Barcelona, 2002.■ Anon., Fugindo a Hitler e a Salazar e ao Holocausto-Refugiados em Portugal entre 1933-1945. Lisbon: Soc. Tipografica, 1994.■ Barreiros, Jose Antonio. A Lusitania Dos Espioes. Lisbon: Hugin, 1995.■. O Espiao Alemao Em Goa. Operacao Long Shanks, 1943. Lisbon, 2001.■ Beevor, J. G. SOE. Recollections and Reflections 1940-45. London, 1981. Bloch, Michael. Operation Willi: The Plot to Kidnap the Duke of Windsor July 1940. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1984. Carrilho, Maria et. al., Portugal Na Segunda Guerra Mundial. Contributos para uma reavaliacao. Lisbon: Dom Quixote, 1989. Cole, Robert. Britain and the War of Words in Neutral Europe, 1939-45. New York: St. Martin's, 1990. Colvin, Ian. Flight 777. London: Evans, 1957. Dias, Mariana Tavares. Lisboa nos Anos 40. Lisbon: Quimera, 1997. Eizenstadt, Stuart E. Coord. U.S. and Allied Efforts to Recover and Restore Gold and Other Assets Stolen or Hidden by Germany during World War II. New York, 2001.■ Fralon, Jose-Alain. A Good Man in Evil Times. The Story of Aristides De Sousa Mendes: The Man Who Saved the Lives of Countless Refugees in World War II. New York: Carroll & Graf, 2001.■ Giraudoux, Jean. Portugal. Paris: Grasset, 1958.■ Johns, Philip. Within Two Cloaks. Missions With SIS and SOE. London, 1979.■ Koestler, Arthur. Arrival and Departure. London, 1943.■ Leitz, Christian. Sympathy for the Devil: Neutral Portugal and Nazi Germany in World War II. New York, 2001.■ Louca, Antonio. Hitler e Salazar. Comercio em tempos de Guerra 1940-1944. Lisbon, 2000.■ Luca, Antonio. "Portugal's Double Game: Between the Nazis and the Allies." In Avi Beker, ed., The Plunder of Jewish Property during the Holocaust. Confronting European History. New York, 2001. MacIntyre, Ben. Agent Zigzag. New York: Harmony, 2007. Martins, Maria Joao. O Paraiso Triste. O Quotidiano em Lisboa durante a II Grande Guerra. Lisbon: Vega, 1994. Masterman, J.C. The Double-Cross System in the War of 1939 to 1945. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1972. Muggeridge, Malcolm. Chronicles of Wasted Time. Chronicle 2: The Infernal Grove. New York: William Morrow, 1974.■ Nery, Julia. O Consul. Lisbon: Dom Quixote, 1991.■ Pimentel, Irene Flunser. Judeus em Portugal na Segunda Guerra Mundial. Lisbon, 2006.■ Popov, Dusko. Spy/ Counterspy. London, 1974.■ Prokosch, Frederick. The Conspirators. New York, 1943.■ Remarque, Erich Maria. The Night in Lisbon. New York, 1966.■ Ribeiro, Aquilino. Volfarmio Romance. Lisbon: Bertrand, 1943.■ Rosas, Fernando. Portugal entre a Paz e a Guerra. Lisbon: Estampa, 1990.■ Saint-Exupery, Antoine. Wartime Writings, 1939-1944. New York: Harcourt, Brace, 1986.■ Teixeira, Nuno Severiano, ed. Portugal E A Guerra. Historia das Intervencoes militares portuguesas nos grandes conflitos mundiais seculos XIX e XX. Lisbon: Colibri, 1998.■ Telo, Antonio Jose. Propagandal E Guerra Secreta Em Portugal 1939-45. Lisbon, 1990.■. Portugal na Segunda Guerra ( 1941-1945), 2 vols. Lisbon, 1991.■. A neutralidade portuguesa e o ouro nazi. Lisbon, 2000.■ Vintras, R.E. The Portuguese Connection: The Secret History of the Azores Base. London: Bachman and Turner, 1974. Wheeler, Douglas L. "The Age Old Business of Espionage." 1987 World Book Year Book. Chicago, 1987.■. "'In the Service of Order.' The Portuguese Political Police and the British, Germany and Spanish Intelligence [Services]." Journal of Contemporary History 36: no. 3 (Jan. 1983), 1-25.■. "And Who is My Neighbor? A World War II Hero of Conscience for Portugal." Luso-Brazilian Review 23 (no. 2) (Summer 1989), 119-39.■. "The Price of Neutrality: Portugal, the Wolfram Question, and World War II." Luso-Brazilian Review (Madison, WI), 23 (nos.1, 2) (Summer, 1986; Winter, 1986). 97-111; 108-127.■. "Last of the Great Air Mysteries of the War [World War II]." Bridport and Lyme Regis Gazette (Dorset, U.K.), June 5, 2003, 24-25.■. "Leslie Howard Helped Win World War II," St. Louis Post-Dispatch (St. Louis, Mo.), April 3, 5, 2005.■ Wilson, Robert. A Small Death in Lisbon. London, 2000.■. The Company Of Strangers. San Diego, 2002.■ Wylie, Neville. "An Amateur Learns His Job? Special Operations Executive in Portugal, 1940-42." Journal of Contemporary History. 36: no. 3 (2001), 441-57.■ Ferreira Martins, General. Historia do Exercito Portugues. Lisbon: Inquerito, 1945.■ Kaulza de Arriaga, General. Guerra e Politica. Em nome da verdade. Os anos decisivos. Lisbon: Referendo, 1987.■ Medeiros Ferreira, Jose. O Comportamento Politico dos Militares, Forcas Armadas e Regimes Politicos em Portugal no seculo XX. Lisbon: Estampa, 1992.■ Pereira Marques, Fernando. Exercito e Sociedade em Portugal. No Declinio do Antigo Regime e advento do Liberalismo. Lisbon: Regra do Jogo, 1981.■ Porch, Douglas. The Portuguese Armed Forces and the Revolution. London: Croom Helm, 1977.■ Ribeiro Dos Santos, Antonio Pedro. O Estado E A Order Publica. As Institui-coes Militares Portuguesas. Lisbon: Instituto Superior De Ciencias Sociais E Politicas, 1999.■ Saraiva de Carvalho, Otelo. Alvorada em Abril. Amadora (Portugal): Bertrand, 1977.■ Selvagem, Carlos. Portugal Militar. Compendio de Historia Militar e Naval de Portugal. Lisbon: Imprensa Nacional, 1931.■ Spinola, Antonio de. Portugal e o Futuro. Lisbon: Arcadia, 1974.■. Pais Sem Rumo. Contributo para a historia de uma Revolucao. Lisbon: Scire, 1978.■ Teixeira, Nuno Severiano. Portugal e a Guerra. Historia das intervencoes militares portuguesas nos grandes conflitos mundiais do seculo XX. Lisbon: Ed. Colibri, 1999.■. Coord., Nova Historia Militar de Portugal, 5 vols. Lisbon: Circulo de Leitores, 2003-.■ Valente, Vasco Pulido. O Poder e o Povo. A Revolucao de 1910. Lisbon: Moraes, 1976, 1982.■ Wheeler, Douglas L. Republican Portugal: A Political History ( 1910-1926). Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1978, 1998.■. A Ditadura Militar Portuguesa ( 1926-1933). Mem Martins: Europa- America, 1988.■. "The Military and the Portuguese Dictatorship, 1926-1974: "The Honor of the Army." In Lawrence S. Graham and Harry M. Makler, eds., Contemporary Portugal: The Revolution and Its Antecedents. 191-219. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1979.■ Aguiar, Joaquim. "Hidden Fluidity in an Ultra-Stable Party System." In E. de Sousa Ferreira and W. C. Opello, Jr., eds., Conflict and Change in Portugal, 1974-1984, 101-27. Lisbon, 1985.■ Braga da Cruz, Manuel, ed. Sistema Eleitoral Portugües: Debate Político e Parlamentar. Lisbon: Imprensa Nacional/ Casa da Moeda, 1998.■, ed. "Portugal Político 25 Anos Depois." In Análise Social XXXV, 154/155 (Summer, 2000): 1-404.■ Bruneau, Thomas C., and Alex Macleod. Politics in Contemporary Portugal: Parties and the Consolidation of Democracy. Boulder, Colo.: Rienner, 1986.■ Bruneau, Thomas C., ed. Political Parties and Democracy in Portugal. Boulder, Colo.: Westview, 1997. Carlucci, Frank. "Confiei no Povo Portugues." Visao (Lisbon), April 10, 1997, 46-47.■. "The View from the U.S. Embassy." In Hans Binnendijk, ed., Authoritarian Regimes in Transition. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Dept. of State, Foreign Service Institute, Center for the Study of Foreign Affairs, 1987.■ Coelho, Mário Baptista, ed. Portugal. O Sistema Política a Constitucional, 1974-87. Lisbon: Instituto de Ciências Sociais, UNL, 1989.■ Costa Pinto, Antonio. "Settling Accounts with the Past in a Troubled Transition to Democracy: The Portuguese Case." In Alexandra Barahona De Brito, Carmen Gonzalez-Enriquez, and Paloma Aguilar, eds., The Politics of Memory: Transitional Justice in Democratizing Societies, 65-91. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001.■ Cruzeiro, Maria Manuela. Costa Gomes-o Ultimo Marechal. Lisbon: Edit. Noticias, 1998.■ Domingos, Emídio Da Veiga. Portugal Político. Análise das Instituiçoes. Lisbon, 1989.■ Goldey, David. "Elections and the Consolidation of Portuguese Democracy: 1974-1983." Electoral Studies 2, 3 (1983): 229-40.■ Graham, Lawrence S. "Institutionalizing Democracy: Governance in Post-1974 Portugal." In Ali Farazmand, ed., Handbook of Comparative and Development Public Administration, 81-90. New York: Dekker, 1991.■, and Douglas L. Wheeler, eds. In Search of Modern Portugal: The Revolution and Its Consequences. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1983.■ Gunther, Richard. "Spain and Portugal." In G. A. Dorfman and P. J. Duignan, eds., Politics in Western Europe, 186-236. Stanford, Calif.: Hoover Institution Press, 1988.■ Magone, José Maria. European Portugal: The Difficult Road to Sustainable Democracy. Basingstoke, U.K.: Macmillan, 1997.■ Maxwell, Kenneth. The Making of Portuguese Democracy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995.■, ed. Portugal in the 1980s: Dilemmas of Democratic Consolidation. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1986.■ Maxwell, Kenneth R., and Scott C. Monje, eds. Portugal: The Constitution and the Consolidation of Democracy, 1976-1989. New York: Camões Center, RIIC, Camões Center Special Report No. 2, Columbia University, 1991.■ Opello, Walter C., Jr. "The New Parliament in Portugal." Legislative Studies Quarterly, 3 (May 1978): 309-334.■. "Local Government and Political Culture in a Portuguese Rural County." Comparative Politics 13 (April 1981): 271-89.■. "Portugal's Administrative Elite: Social Origins and Political Attitudes." West European Politics 6 (Jan. 1983): 63-74.■. Portugal's Political Development: A Comparative Approach. Boulder, Colo.: Westview, 1985.■ Pinto Balsemão, Francisco. "The Constitution and Politics: Options for the Future." In K. Maxwell, ed., Portugal in the 1980s, 197-232. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1986.■ Sartori, Giovanni. "Portugal." In Sartori, G, ed., Parties and Party Systems. Vol. 1, 131-45. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1976. Secretary of State for Mass Communications. Constitution of the Portuguese Republic [1976]. Lisbon, 1977.■ Aguiar, Joaquim. A Ilusão do poder: Analise do Sistema Partidário, 19761982. Lisbon, 1983. Almeida, Diniz de. Orígens e Evolução do Movimento dos Capitães. Lisbon, 1977.■. Ascensao, Apogeu e Queda do MFA, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1979.■ Alves, Márcio Moreira. Les Soldats Socialistes du Portugal. Paris: Gallimard, 1975.■ Antunes, José Freire. Sá Carneiro: Um Meteoro Nos Anos Setenta. Lisbon, 1982.■. O Segredo do 25 de Novembro. Mem Martins, 1983.■ Arouca, Manuel. Os Filhos Da Costa Do Sol. Mem Martins, 1989. Audibert, Pierre, and Daniel Brignon. Portugal: Les nouveaux centurions. Paris, 1974.■ Baptista, Jacinto. Caminhos para uma revolução. Lisbon, 1975. Barreto, Antônio. Memórias da Reforma Agrária. Mem Martins: Europa-Amé-rica, 1983.■, and C. V. Preto, eds. A Situação Social em Portugal, 1960-1996. Lisbon: Instituto de Ciências Sociais, 1996.■ Bermeo, Nancy Gina. "Worker Management in Industry: Reconciling Representative Government and Industrial Democracy in a Polarized Society." In L. S. Graham and D. L. Wheeler, eds., In Search of Modern Portugal, 181-98. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1983.■. The Revolution within the Revolution: Workers' Control in Rural Portugal. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1986.■ Braeckman, Colette. Portugal: Revolution surveilée. Brussels: Rossei, 1975.■ Braga da Cruz, Manuel. "O Presidente da República na génese e evolução do sistema de governor portugües." Análise social XXIX, 125-26 (1994): 237-65.■, coord. "Portugal Político 25 Anos Depois." Análise Social XXXV, 154/155 (Summer 2000): 1-404. Bruneau, Thomas C. "Popular Support for Democracy in Post-revolutionary Portugal: Results from a Survey." In L. S. Graham and D. L. Wheeler, eds., In Search of Modern Portugal, 21-42. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1983.■. Politics and Nationhood: Post-Revolutionary Portugal. New York: Praeger, 1984.■. "Portugal Fifteen Years after the April Revolution." Field Staff Reports ( 1989-90/ No. 1, Europe), 3-11. Indianapolis, Ind.: Universities Field Staff International, 1990.■, and Alex Macleod. Politics in Contemporary Portugal: Parties and the Consolidation of Democracy. Boulder, Colo.: Rienner, 1986.■ Carvalho, Ortelo Saraiva de. Cinco Meses Mudaram Portugal. Lisbon, 1975.■. Alvorada em Abril. Lisbon, 1977.■ Cid, Augusto. PREC-Processo Revolucionário Eventualmente Chocante. Viseu, 1977.■ Costa Lobo, Marina, and Pedro C. Magalhaes. "From 'Third Wave' to 'Third Way': Europe and the Portuguese Socialists (1975-1999)," Journal of Southern Europe and the Balkans 3, no. 1 (2001), 25-35.■ Costa Pinto, Antônio, ed. Modern Portugal. Palo Alto, Calif.: SPOSS, 1998.■, and Nuno Severiano Teixeira, eds. Southern Europe and the Making of the European Union. New York: Columbia Univ. Press, 2002.■ Cunhal, Alvaro. A Revolução Portuguesa. Lisbon, 1975.■ Dias, Eduardo Mayone. Portugal's Secret Jews: The End of an Era. Rumford, R.I.: Peregrinação Publications, 1999.■ Downs, Charles. "Comissões de Moradores and Urban Struggles in Revolutionary Portugal." International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 4 (1986): 267-94.■. Revolution at the Grassroots: Community Organizations in the Portuguese Revolution. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1989.■ Dufour, Jean-Marc. Prague sur Tage. Paris, 1975.■ Durão Barroso, José. Le systémepolitiqueportugais face à l'intégration euro-péenne. Lisbon, 1983.■ Eisfeid, Rainer. "Portugal: What Role/What Future?" In K. Maxwell, ed., Portugal Ten Years after the Revolution. New York: RIIC, Columbia University, 1984.■. Sozialistischer Pluralismus in Europa: Ansãtze und Scheitern am Beispiel Portugal. Cologne: Verlag Wissenchaft ünd Politik, 1985.■. "Portugal and Western Europe." In K. Maxwell, ed., Portugal in the 1980s, 29-62. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1986.■ Farinha, Luis. "Regresso a Europa. Uma opcao feliz." Historia. XXIX; 95, III series (March 2007), 23-33.■ Faye, Jean-Pierre, ed. Portugal: The Revolution in the Labyrinth. Nottingham, U.K.: Spokesman, 1976. Ferreira, Hugo Gil, and Michael W. Marshall. Portugal's Revolution: Ten Years On. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1986. Figueira, João Costa. Cavaco Silva: Homem de Estado. Lisbon, 1987. Filoche, Gérard. Printemps Portugais. Paris: Editions Action, 1984. Frémontier, Jacques. Os Pontos nos ii. Lisbon, 1976. Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian. 25 de Abril-10 anos depois. Lisbon, 1984. Futscher Pereira, Bernardo. "Portugal and Spain." In K. Maxwell, ed. Portugal in the 1980s, 63-87. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1986.■ Gama, Jaime. Política Externa Portuguesa 1983-85: Ministério dos Negôcios Estrangeiros. Lisbon, 1986.■. "Preface." In J. Calvet de Magalhães, A. de Vasconcelos, and J. Ramos Silva, eds., Portugal: An Atlantic Paradox, 9-11. Lisbon, 1990. Gaspar, Jorge, and Nuno Vitorino. As Eleições De 25 De Abril: Geografia E Imagem Dos Partidos. Lisbon, 1976.■. "10 Anos de Democracia: Reflexos na geografia política." In E. de Sousa Ferreira and W. C. Opelio, Jr., eds., Conflict and Change in Portugal 1974-1984/ Conflitos e Mudanças em Portugal, 1974-1984, 135-55. Lisbon, 1985.■, et al. As Eleições para assembleia da república, 1979-1983: Estudos de geografia eleitoral. Lisbon, 1984. Gaspar, Jorge, and Nuno Vitorino, eds. Portugal em mapas e em números. Lisbon, 1981.■ Giaccone, Fausto. Una Storia Portoghese/ Uma História Portuguesa. Palermo: Randazzo Focus, 1987.■ Gladdish, Ken. "Portugal: An Open Verdict." In Geoffrey Pridham, ed. Securing Democracy: Political Parties and Democratic Consolidation in Southern Europe, 104-25. London and New York: Routledge, 1990.■ Graham, Lawrence S. The Decline and Collapse of an Authoritarian Order. Beverly Hills, Calif.: Sage, 1975.■, and Harry M. Makler, eds. Contemporary Portugal: The Revolution and Its Antecedents. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1979.■, and Douglas L. Wheeler, eds. In Search of Modern Portugal: The Revolution and Its Consequences. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1983.■ Grayson, George W. "Portugal and the Armed Forces Movement." Orbis XIX, 2 (Summer 1975): 335-78.■ Green, Gil. Portugal's Revolution. New York: International, 1976.■ Hammond, John L. Building Popular Power: Workers' and Neighborhood Movements in the Portuguese Revolution. New York: Monthly Review Press, 1988.■ Harsgor, Michael. Naissance d'un Nouveau Portugal. Paris: Ed. du Seuil, 1975.■. Portugal in Revolution. Washington, D.C.: CSIS and Sage, 1976.■ Harvey, Robert. Portugal, Birth of a Democracy. London: Macmillan, 1978.■ Herr, Richard, ed. Portugal: The Long Road to Democracy and Europe. Berkeley, Calif.: International and Area Studies, 1992.■ Insight Team of the Sunday [London] Times. Insight on Portugal: The Year of the Captains. London: Deutsch, 1975.■ Janitschek, Hans. Mario Soares: Portrait of a Hero. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1985.■ Keefe, Eugene K., et al. Area Handbook for Portugal, 1st ed. Washington, D.C.: Foreign Area Studies of American University, 1977. Kramer, Jane. "A Reporter at Large: The Portuguese Revolution." The New Yorker (Dec. 15, 1975): 92-131.■ Lauré, Jason, and Ettagal Lauré. Jovem Portugal: After the Revolution. New York: Straus, Farrar and Giroux, 1977.■ Livermore, H. V. A New History of Portugal. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1976.■ Lourenço, Eduardo. Os Militares e O Poder. Lisbon, 1975.■. O Fascismo Nunca Existiu. Lisbon, 1976.■. "Identidade e Memôria: o caso português." In E. de Sousa Ferreira and W. C. Opello, Jr., eds., Conflict and Change in Portugal, 1974-l 984, 17-22. Lisbon, 1985.■ Lucena, Manuel. Evolução e Instituições: A Extinção dos Grémios da Lavoura Alentejanos. Mem Martins, 1984.■. "A herança de duas revoluções." In M. Baptista Coelho, ed., Portugal: O Sistema Político e Constitucional, 1974-87, 505-55. Lisbon, 1989.■ Macedo, Jorge Braga de, and S. Serfaty. Portugal since the Revolution: Economic and Political Perspectives. New York: Praeger, 1981.■ Magone, José M. European Portugal: The Difficult Road to Sustainable Democracy. New York: St. Martin's, 1997. Mailer, Phil. Portugal: The Impossible Revolution. London: Solidarity, 1977. Manta, João Abel. Cartoons/ 1969-1975. Lisbon, 1975.■ Manuel, Paul C. Uncertain Outcome: The Politics of Portugal's Transition to Democracy. Lanham, Md. and London: University Press of America, 1994.■ Mateus, Rui. Contos Proibidos. Memorias de Um PS Desconhecido, 3rd ed. Lisbon: Dom Quixote, 1996.■ Maxwell, Kenneth. "Portugal under Pressure." The New York Review of Books (May 2, 1974).■. "The Hidden Revolution in Portugal." The New York Review of Books (April 17, 1975).■. "The Thorns of the Portuguese Revolution." Foreign Affairs 54, 2 (Jan. 1976): 250-70.■. "The Communists and the Portuguese Revolution." Dissent 27, 2 (Spring 1980): 194-206.■. Portugal in the 1980s: Dilemmas of Democratic Consolidation. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1986.■. The Making of Portuguese Democracy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995.■, ed. "Portugal: Toward the Twenty-First Century." Camoes Center Quarterly 5, 3-4 (Fall 1995): 6-55.■, ed. The Press and the Rebirth of Iberian Democracy. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1983.■. Portugal Ten Years after the Revolution: Reports of Three Columbia University-Gulbenkian Workshops. New York: Research Institute on International Change, Columbia University, 1984.■ Maxwell, Kenneth, and Michael H. Haltzel, eds. Portugal: Ancient Country, Young Democracy. Washington, D.C.: Wilson Center Press, 1990.■ Medeiros Ferreira, José. Ensaio Histórico sobre a revolução do 25 de Abril. Lisbon, 1983.■ Medina, João, ed. Portugal De Abril: Do 25 Aos Nossos Dias. In Medina, ed., História Contemporãnea De Portugal. Lisbon, 1985. Merten, Peter. Anarchismus ünd Arbeiterkãmpf in Portugal. Hamburg: Libertare, 1981.■ Miranda, Jorge. Constituição e Democracia. Lisbon, 1976.■. A Constituição de 1976. Lisbon, 1978.■ Morrison, Rodney J. Portugal: Revolutionary Change in an Open Economy. Boston: Auburn House, 1981.■ Mujal-Leôn, Eusebio. "The PCP [Portuguese Communist Party] and the Portuguese Revolution." Problems of Communism 26 (Jan.- Feb. 1977): 21-41.■ Neves, Mário. Missão em Moscovo. Lisbon, 1986.■ Oliveira, César. M. F. A. e Revolução Socialista. Lisbon, 1975.■. Os Anos Decisivos: Portugal 1962-1985. Um testemunho. Lisbon: Presença, 1993.■ Opello, Waiter C., Jr. Portugal's Political Development: A Comparative Approach. Boulder, Colo.: Westview, 1985.■. Portugal: From Monarchy to Pluralist Democracy. Boulder, Colo.: Westview, 1991.■ Pell, Senator Claiborne H. Portugal ( Including the Azores and Spain) in Search of New Directions: Report to the Committee on Foreign Relations, U.S. Senate. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1976.■ Pereira, J. Pacheco. "A Case of Orthodoxy: The Communist Party of Portugal." In Waller and Fenema, eds., Communist Parties in Western Europe: Adaptation or Decline? Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1988.■ Pilmott, Ben. "Socialism in Portugal: Was It a Revolution?" Government and Opposition 7 (Summer 1977).■. "Were the Soldiers Revolutionary? The Armed Forces Movement in Portugal, 1973-1976." Iberian Studies 7, 1 (1978): 13-21.■, and Jean Seaton. "Political Power and the Portuguese Media." In L. S. Graham and D. L. Wheeler, eds., In Search of Modern Portugal, 43-57. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1983.■ Porch, Douglas. The Portuguese Armed Forces and the Revolution. London: Croom Helm and Stanford, Calif.: Hoover Institution Press, 1977.■ Pouchin, Dominique. Portugal, quelle révolution? Paris, 1976.■ Pulido Valente, Vasco. "E Viva Otelo." In Pulido Valente, V., ed., O País das Maravilhas, 451-54. Lisbon, 1979 [anthology of articles from weekly Lisbon paper, Expresso].■. Estudos Sobre a Crise Nacional. Lisbon, 1980.■ Rebelo de Sousa, Marcelo. O Sistema de Governo Português antes e depois da Revisão Constitucional, 3rd ed. Lisbon, 1981. Rêgo, Raúl. Militares, Clérigos e Paisanos. Lisbon, 1981. Robinson, Richard A. H. Contemporary Portugal: A History. London: Allen & Unwin, 1979.■ Rodrigues, Avelino, Cesário Borga, and Mário Cardoso. O Movemento dos Capitães e o 25 de Abril. Lisbon, 1974.■. Portugal Depois De Abril. Lisbon, 1976.■ Ruas, H. B., ed. A Revolução das Flores. Lisbon, 1975.■ Rudel, Christian. La Liberte couleur d'oeillet. Paris: Fayard, 1980.■ Sa, Tiago Moreira de. Os Americanos na Revolucao Portuguesa ( 1974-1976). Lisbon: Edit. Noticias, 2004.■ Sá Carneiro, Francisco. Por Uma Social-Democracia Portuguesa. Lisbon, 1975.■ Sanches Osôrio, Helena. Um Só Rosto. Uma Só Fé. Conversas Com Adelino Da Palma Carlos. Lisbon, 1988. Sanches Osôrio, J. The Betrayal of the 25th of April in Portugal. Madrid: Sedmay, 1975.■ Schmitter, Philippe C. "Liberation by Golpe: Retrospective Thoughts on the Demise of Authoritarian Rule in Portugal." Armed Forces and Society 2 (1974): 5-33.■. "An Introduction to Southern European Transitions from Authoritarian Rule: Italy, Greece, Portugal, Spain and Turkey." In G. O'Donnell,■ P. C. Schmitter, and L. Whitehead, eds., Transitions from Authoritarian Rule, 3-10. Baltimore, Md.: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1986.■ Silva, Fernando Dioga da. "Uma Administração Envelhecido." Revista da Ad-ministraçao Pública 2 (Oct.-Dec. 1979).■ Simões, Martinho, ed. Relatório Do 25 De Novembro: Texto Integral, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1976.■ Soares, Isabel, ed. Mário Soares: O homem e o político. Lisbon, 1976. Soares, Mário. Democratização e Descolonização: Dez meses no Governo Provisório. Lisbon, 1975. Sobel, Lester A., ed. Portuguese Revolution, 1974-1976. New York: Facts on File, Inc., 1976.■ Spínola, Antônio de. Portugal e o Futuro. Lisbon, 1974.■. País Sem Rumo: Contributo para a História de uma Revolução. Lisbon, 1978.■ Story, Jonathan. "Portugal's Revolution of Carnations: Patterns of Change and Continuity." International Affairs 52 (July 1976): 417-34. Sweezey, Paul. "Class Struggles in Portugal." Monthly Review 27, 4 (Sept. 1975): 1-26.■ Szulc, Tad. "Lisbon and Washington: Behind Portugal's Revolution." Foreign Policy 21 (Winter 1975-76): 3-62. Tavares de Almeida, Antônio. Balsemão: O retrato. Lisbon, 1981. "Vasco." Desenhos Políticos. Lisbon, 1974.■ Vasconcelos, Alvaro. "Portugal in Atlantic-Mediterranean Security." In Douglas T. Stuart, ed., Politics and Security in the Southern Region of the Atlantic Alliance, 117-36. London: Macmillan, 1988.■ Wheeler, Douglas L. "Golpes militares e golpes literários. A literatura do golpe de 25 de Abril de 1974 em contexto histôrico." Penélope. Fazer E Desfazer A História, 19-20 (1998): 191-212.■. "Tributo ao Historiador dos Historiadores. Memorias de A.H.de Oliveira Marques (1933-2007)," Historia XXIX, 95, III series (March 2007), 18-22.■ Wiarda, Howard J. Transcending Corporatism? The Portuguese Corporative System and the Revolution of 1974. Columbia: Institute of International Studies, University of South Carolina, 1976.■. The Transition to Democracy in Spain and Portugal. Washington, D.C.: American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research, 1989. Wise, Audrey. Eyewitness in Revolutionary Portugal. With a Preface by Judith Hart, MP. London: Spokesman, 1975.■ PHYSICAL FEATURES: GEOGRAPHY, GEOLOGY, FAUNA, AND FLORA■ Birot, Pierre. Le Portugal: Étude de géographie régionale. Paris, 1950.■ Embleton, Clifford. Geomorphology of Europe. London: Macmillan, 1984.■ Girão, Aristides de Amorim. Divisão regional, divisão agrícola e divisão administrativa. Coimbra, 1932.■. Condições geográficos e históricas de autonomia política de Portugal. Coimbra, 1935.■. Atlas de Portugal, 2nd ed. Coimbra, 1958.■ Ribeiro, Orlando. Portugal, O Mediterrâneo e o Altântico. Coimbra, 1945 and later eds.■. Portugal. Volume V of Geografia de Espana y Portugal. Barcelona, 1955.■. Ensaios de Geografia Humana e regio nal. Lisbon, 1970.■. A geografia e a divisão regional do país. Lisbon, 1970.■ Stanislawski, Dan. The Individuality of Portugal. Austin: The University of Texas Press, 1959.■. Portugal's Other Kingdom: The Algarve. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1963.■ Taylor, Albert William. Wild Flowers of Spain and Portugal. London: Chatto & Windus, 1972.■ Way, Ruth, and Margaret Simmons. A Geography of Spain and Portugal. London: Methuen, 1962.■ ARCHAEOLOGY AND PREHISTORY■ "Actas do Colóquio Inter-Universitário do Noroeste Peninsular (Porto-Baião, 1988), vol. II, Proto-História, romanização e Idade Média." In Trabalhos de antropologia e etnologia. 28, 3-4 (1988).■ Alarcão, Jorge de, ed. "Do Paleolítico va arte visigótica." Vol. 1, História da■ Arte em Portugal. Lisbon: Alfa, 1986.■. Roman Portugal, 3 vols. Warminister, U.K.: Aris & Phillips, 1988.■. Portugal Das Orígens A Romanização. Vol. I. In J. Serrão and A. H. de Oliveira Marques, eds. Nova História de Portugal. Lisbon: Presença, 1990. Anderson, James M., and M. S. Lea. Portugal 1001 Sights: An Archaeological and Historical Guide. Calgary, Alberta: University of Calgary and Robert Hale, 1994.■ Balmuth, Miriam S., Antonio Gilman, and Lourdes Prados-Torreira, eds. Encounters and Transformations: The Archaeology of Iberia in Transition. Monographs in Mediterranean Archaeology, no. 7. Sheffield, U.K.: Sheffield Academic Press, 1997.■ Beirão, C. M. M. Une civilization protohistorique du Sud au Portugal ( 1er Age du Fer). Paris: D. Boccard, 1986.■ Cardoso, João Luís, Santinho A. Cunha, and Delberto Aguiar. O Homem Pre-Histórico no Concelho de Oeiras. Oeiras, Portugal: Estudos Arquelógicos de Oeiras, 1991.■ Harrison, Richard J. The Bell Beaker Cultures of Spain and Portugal. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1977.■ Mangas, Júlio, ed. Hispania epigraphica. Madrid, 1989.■ Maloney, Stephanie J. "The Villa of Toerre de Palma, Portugal: Archaeology and Preservation." Portuguese Studies Review VIII, 1 (Fall-Winter, 1999-2000): 14-28.■ Savory, H. N. Spain and Portugal: The Prehistory of the Iberian Peninsula. London, 1968.■ Silva, A. C. F. A cultura castreja no Noroeste de Portugal. Paços de Ferreira:■ Museu da Citânia de Sanfins, 1986. Straus, L. G. Iberia before the Iberians. Albuquerque, N.M., 1992.■ FOREIGN TRAVELERS AND RESIDENTS' ACCOUNTS■ Andersen, Hans Christian. A Visit to Portugal 1866. London: Peter Owen, 1972.■ Beckford, William. Italy, with Sketches of Spain and Portugal. Paris: Baudry's European Library, 1834.■ Boyd Alexander, ed. London: Hart-Davies, 1954.■. Recollections of an Excursion to the Monasteries of Alcoboca and Batalha. Fontwell, U.K.: Centaur Press, 1972.■ Bell, Aubrey F. G. In Portugal. London: Bodley Head, 1912.■ Borrow, George. The Bible in Spain, 2 vols. London: Constable, 1923 ed.■ Chaves, Castelo Branco. Os livros de viagens em Portugal no século XVIII e a sua projecção europeia. Lisbon, 1977.■ Costigan, Arthur William. Sketches of Society and Manners in Portugal. London: T. Vernon, 1787.■ Crawfurd, Oswald. Portugal Old and New. London: Kegan, Paul, 1880.■. Round the Calendar in Portugal. London: Chapman & Hall, 1890.■ Darymple, William. Travels through Spain and Portugal in 1774. London: J. Almon, 1777.■ Dumouriez, Charles Francois Duperrier. An Account of Portugal as It Appeared in 1766. London: C. Law, 1797.■ Fielding, Henry. Jonathan Wild and the Journal of a Voyage to Lisbon. London: J. M. Dent, 1932.■ Fullerton, Alice. To Portugal for Pleasure. London: Grafton, 1945.■ Gibbons, John. I Gathered No Moss. London: Robert Hale, 1939.■ Gordon, Jan, and Cora Gordon. Portuguese Somersault. London: Harrap, 1934.■ Hewitt, Richard. A Cottage in Portugal. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1996.■ Huggett, Frank. South of Lisbon: Winter Travels in Southern Portugal. London: Gollancz, 1960.■ Hume, Martin. Through Portugal. London: Richards, 1907.■ Hyland, Paul. Backwards Out of the Big World: A Voyage into Portugal. Hammersmith, U.K.: HarperCollins, 1996.■ Jackson, Catherine Charlotte, Lady. Fair Lusitania. London: Bentley, 1874.■ Kelly, Marie Node. This Delicious Land Portugal. London: Hutchinson, 1956.■ Kempner, Mary Jean. Invitation to Portugal. New York: Athenaeum, 1969.■ Kingston, William H. G. Lusitanian Sketches of the Pen and Pencil. 2 vol. London: Parker, 1845.■ Landmann, George. Historical, Military and Picturesque Observations on Portugal. 2 vol. London: Cadell and Davies, 1818.■ Latouche, John [Pseudonym of Oswald Crawfurd]. Travels in Portugal. London: Ward, Lock & Taylor, ca. 1874.■ Link, Henry Frederick. Travels in Portugal and France and Spain. London: Longman & Rees, 1801.■ Macauley, Rose. They Went to Portugal. London: Jonathan Cape, 1946.■. They Went to Portugal, Too. Manchester: Carcanet Books, 1990.■ Merle, Iris. Portuguese Panorama. London: Ouzel, 1958.■ Murphy, J. C. Travels in Portugal. London: 1795.■ Proper, Datus C. The Last Old Place: A Search through Portugal. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1992.■ Quillinan, Dorothy [Wordsworth]. Journal of a Few Months in Portugal with Glimpses of the South of Spain. 2 vol. London: Moxon, 1847. Sitwell, Sacheverell. Portugal and Madeira. London: Batsford, 1954. Smith, Karine R. Until Tomorrow: Azores and Portugal. Snohomish, Wash.: Snohomish Publishing, 1978. Southey, Robert. Journals of a Residence in Portugal, 1800-1801 and a Visit to France, 1838. London and New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 1912. Thomas, Gordon Kent. Lord Byron's Iberian Pilgrimage. Provo, Utah: Brigham Young University Press, 1983. Twiss, Richard. Travels through Portugal and Spain in 1772-1773. London, 1775.■ Watson, Gilbert. Sunshine and Sentiment in Portugal. London: Arnold, 1904. Wheeler, Douglas L. "A[n American] Fulbrighter in Lisbon, Portugal, 196162." Portuguese Studies Review 1 (1991): 9-16.■ PORTUGUESE CARTOGRAPHY, DISCOVERIES, AND NAVIGATION■ Albuquerque, Luís de. Curso de História de Naútica. Coimbra, 1972.■. Introdução a história dos descobrimentos, 3rd ed. Mem Martins, 1983.■. Os Descobrimentos Portugueses. Lisbon: Alfa, 1983.■. Portuguese Books on Nautical Science from Pedro Nunes to 1650. Lisbon, 1984.■. Os Descobrimentos Portugueses. Lisbon, 1985.■ Boorstin, Daniel. The Discoverers. New York: Random House, 1983. Boxer, C. R. The Portuguese Seaborne Empire, 1415-1825. London: Hutchinson, 1969.■ Brazão, Eduardo. La découverte de Terre-Neuve. Montreal: Les Presses de l'Université, 1964.■. "Les Corte-Real et le Nouveau Monde." Revue d'histoire d'Amérique Française 19, 1 (1965): 335-49. Cortesão, Armando, and Avelino Teixeira de Mota. Cartografia Portuguesa Antiga. Lisbon, 1960.■. Portugalia Monumenta Cartográfica, 6 vols. Lisbon, 1960-62.■. História da Cartografia Portuguesa, 2 vols. Coimbra, 1969-70.■ Cortesão, Jaime. L'expansion des portugais dans l'historie de la civilisation. Brussels, 1930.■. Os descobrimentos portugueses, 2 vols. V. Magalhães Godinho and Joel Serrão, eds. Lisbon, 1960.■. A expansão dos Portugueses no período henriquinho. Lisbon, 1965.■. Descobrimentos precolombanos dos portugueses. Lisbon, 1966.■ Costa, Abel Fontoura da. A Marinharia dos Descobrimentos, 3rd ed. Lisbon, 1960.■ Costa Brochado, Idalino F. Descobrimento do Atlântico. Lisbon, 1958. English ed., 1959-60.■ Coutinho, Admiral Gago. A naútica dos descobrimentos, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1951-52.■ Crone, G. R. Maps and Their Makers. New York: Capricorn Books, 1966.■ Dias, José S. da Silva. Os descobrimentos e a problemática cultural do Século XVI, 2nd ed. Lisbon, 1982.■ Disney, Anthony, and Emily Booth, eds. Vasco Da Gama and the Linking of Europe and Asia. New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2000.■ Godinho, Vitorino Magalhães, ed. Documentos sobre a expansão portuguesa [ to 1460], 3 vols. Lisbon, 1945-54.■ Guedes, Max, and Gerald Lombardi, eds. Portugal. Brazil: The Age of Atlantic Discoveries. Lisbon: Bertrand; Milan: Ricci; Brazilian Culture Foundation, 1990. [Catalogue of New York Public Library Exhibit, Summer 1990]■ Harley, J. B., and David Woodward. The History of Cartography. Volume 1: Cartography in Prehistoric, Ancient and Medieval Europe and Mediterranean. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1987.■ Leite, Duarte. História dos Descobrimentos: Colectânea de esparsos, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1958-61.■ Ley, Charles. Portuguese Voyages, 1498-1663. London: Dent, 1953.■ Marques, J. Martins da Silva. Descobrimentos portugueses, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1944-71.■ Martyn, John R. C., ed. Pedro Nunes ( 1502-1578): His Lost Algebra and Other Discoveries. John R. C. Martyn, trans. New York: Peter Lang, 1996.■ Morison, Samuel Eliot. The European Discovery of America: The Northern Voyages, A. D. 500-1600. New York: Oxford University Press, 1971.■. Portuguese Voyages to America in the Fifteenth Century. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1974.■ Mota, Avelino Teixeira da. Mar, Além-Mar-Estudos e Ensaios de História e Geografia. Lisbon, 1972.■ Nemésio, Vitorino. Vida e Obra do Infante D. Henrique. Lisbon, 1959.■ Parry, J. H. The Discovery of the Sea. New York: Dial, 1974.■ Penrose, Boies. Travel and Discovery in the Renaissance, 1420-1620. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1952.■ Peres, Damião. História dos Descobrimentos Portugueses. Oporto, 1943.■ Prestage, Edgar. The Portuguese Pioneers. London, 1933; New York: Barnes & Noble, 1967.■ Rogers, Francis M. Precision Astrolabe: Portuguese Navigators and Transoceanic Aviation. Lisbon, 1971.■ Seary, E. R. "The Portuguese Element in the Place Names of Newfoundland." In Luís Albuquerque, ed., Vice-Almirante A. Teixeira da Mota: In Memo-riam. Vol. II, 359-64. Lisbon: Academia da Marinha, 1989.■ Subrahmanyam, Sanjay. The Career and Legend of Vasco Da Gama. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997.■ Velho, Alvaro. Roteiro ( Navigator's Route) da Primeira Viagem de Vasco da Gama ( 1497-1499). Lisbon, 1960.■ Winius, George, ed. Portugal, the Pathfinder: Journeys from the Medieval toward the Modern World 1300-ca. 1600. Madison, Wisc.: Hispanic Seminary of Medieval Studies, 1995.■ PORTUGAL AND HER OVERSEAS EMPIRES (1415-1975)■ Abshire, David M., and Michael A. Samuels, eds. Portuguese Africa: A Handbook. New York: Praeger, 1969.■ Afonso, Aniceto, and Carlos de Matos Gomes. Guerra Colonial. Lisbon: Noticias, 2001.■ Albuquerque, J. Moushino de. Moçambique. Lisbon, 1898.■ Alden, Dauril. The Making of an Enterprise: The Society of Jesus in Portugal, Its Empire & Beyond. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1995.■ Alexandre, Valentim. Orígens do Colonialismo Português Moderno ( 18221891). Lisbon: Sá da Costa, 1979.■, and Jill Dias, eds. "O Império Africano 1825-1890. Volume X." In J.■ Serrão and A. H. de Oliveira Marques, eds., Nova História Da Expansão Portuguesa. Lisbon: Estampa, 1998.■ Ames, Glen J. "The Carreira da India, 1668-1682: Maritime Enterprise and the Quest for Stability in Portugal's Asian Empire." Journal of European Economic History 20, 1 (1991): 7-28.■. Renascent Empire? The House of Braganza and the Quest for Stability in Portuguese Monsoon Asia, ca. 1640-1683. Amsterdam: Amsterdam Univ.Press, 2000.■. Vasco da Gama. Renaissance Crusader. New York: Pearson/Longman, 2005.■ Antunes, José Freire. O Império com Pés de Barro: Colonizaçao e Descolonização: As Ideologias em Portugal. Lisbon: D. Quixote, 1980.■. O Factor Africano 1890-1990. Lisbon: Bertrand, 1990.■. A Guerra De Africa 1961-1974, 2 vols. Lisbon: Círculo de Leitores, 1995-96.■. Jorge Jardim: Agente Secreto 1919-1982. Lisbon: Bertrand, 1996.■ Axelson, Eric A. South-East Africa, 1488-1530. London: Longmans, 1940.■. "Prince Henry and the Discovery of the Sea Route to India." Geographical Journal (U.K.) 127, 2 (June 1961): 145-58.■. Portugal and the Scramble for Africa, 1875-1891. Johannesburg: Witwaterstrand University Press, 1967.■. Portuguese in South-East Africa, 1488-1699. Cape Town: Struik, 1973.■. Congo to Cape: Early Portuguese Explorers. New York: Harper & Row, 1974.■ Azevedo, Mário. Historical Dictionary of Mozambique, 2nd ed. Lanham, Md.: Scarecrow Press, 2003.■ Baião, António, Hernãni Cidade, and Manuel Murias, eds. História da Expansão Portuguesa no Mundo, 4 vols. Lisbon, 1937-40.■ Bender, Gerald J. "The Limits of Counterinsurgency [in the Angolan War, 1961-72]." Comparative Politics (1972): 331-60.■. Angola under the Portuguese: The Myth Versus Reality. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1978.■ Bhíla, H. H. K. Trade and Politics in a Shona Kingdom: The Manyika and Their Portuguese and African Neighbours, 1875-1902. Harlow, U.K.: Longman, 1990.■ Birmingham, David. The Portuguese Conquest of Angola. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1965.■. Trade and Conflict in Angola. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1966.■. Frontline Nationalism in Angola & Mozambique. London: James Currey, 1992.■. Portugal and Africa. New York: St. Martins, 1999.■ Bottineau, Yves. Le Portugal Et Sa Vocation Maritime. Paris: Boccard, 1977. Boxer, C. R. Fidalgos in the Far East— Fact and Fancy in the History of Macau. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1948. ———. The Christian Century in Japan. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1951.■ ———. Salvador de Sá and the Struggle for Brazil and Angola, 1602-1688. London, 1952.■ ———. Four Centuries of Portuguese Expansion, 1415-1825: A Succinct Survey. Johannesburg: Witwaterstrand University Press, 1961.■ ———. The Golden Age of Brazil, 1695-1750. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1962.■ ———. Race Relations in the Portuguese Colonial Empire, 1415-1825. Oxford:■ Clarendon Press, 1963. ———. Portuguese Society in the Tropics. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1965.■ ———. The Portuguese Seaborne Empire 1415-1825. London: Hutchi nson, 1969.■ ———, and Carlos de Azevedo, eds. Fort Jesus and the Portuguese in Mombasa. London: Hollis and Carter, 1960.■ Broadhead, Susan H. Historical Dictionary of Angola, 2nd ed. Metuchen, N.J.: Scarecrow Press, 1992.■ Burton, Richard. Goa and the Blue Mountains. London: Bentley, 1851.■ Cabral, Luís. Crónica da Libertação. Lisbon, 1984.■ Caetano, Marcello. Colonizing Traditions, Principles and Methods of the Portuguese. Lisbon, 1951.■ ———. Portugal E A Internacionalização Dos Problemas Africanos, 3rd ed. Lisbon, 1965.■ Cann, John P. Counterinsurgency in Africa: The Portuguese Way of War, 1961-1974. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1997. Castelo, Claudia. " O modo portugues de estar no mundo." O luso-tropicalismo e a ideologia colonial portuguesa ( 1931-1961). Oporto: Afrontamento, 1998. Castro, Armando. O Sistema Colonial Português em Africa ( meados do Século XX). Lisbon, 1978.■ Chaliand, Gerard. "The Independence of Guinea-Bissau and the Heritage of [Amilcar] Cabral." In Revolution in the Third World. Harmondsworth, U.K.: Penguin, 1978.■ Chilcote, Ronald H. Portuguese Africa. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1967.■ Clarence-Smith, Gervase. Slaves, Peasants and Capitalists in Southern Angola 1840-1926. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1979.■ ———. The Third Portuguese Empire 1825-1975: A Study in Economic Imperialism. Manchester, U.K.: Manchester University Press, 1985.■ Coates, Timothy J. Convicts and Orphans: Forced and State-Sponsored Colonizers in the Portuguese Empire, 1550-1720. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 2001.■ Davies, Shann. Macau. Singapore: Times Editions, 1986.■ Dias, C. Malheiro, ed. História da colonização portuguesa no Brasil, 3 vols. Oporto, 1921-24.■ Diffie, Bailey W., and George Winius. Foundations of the Portuguese Empire, 1415-1580. Minneapolis: Minnesota University Press, 1977.■ Disney, Anthony R. Twilight of the Pepper Empire: Portuguese Trade in Southwest India in the Early Seventeenth Century. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1978.■ ———, and Emily Booth, eds. Vasco Da Gama and the Linking of Europe and Asia. New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2000.■ Duffy, James. Shipwreck and Empire: Being an Account of Portuguese Maritime Disaster in a Century of Decline. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1955.■ ———. Portuguese Africa. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1959. ———. Portugal in Africa. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1962.■. "The Portuguese Territories." In Colin Legum, ed., Africa: A Handbook to the Continent. New York: Holmes & Meier, 1967. ———. A Question of Slavery. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1967. Felgas, Hélio. História do Congo Português. Carmona, Angola, 1958. ———. Guerra em Angola. Lisbon, 1961.■ Galvão, Henrique, and Carlos Selvagam. O Império Ultramarino Português, 3 vols. Lisbon, 1953.■ Gleijeses, Piero. Conflicting Missions: Havana, Washington and Africa, 19591976. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2002.■ Godinho, Vitorino Magalhães. "Portugal and Her Empire." In The New Cambridge Modern History. Vol. V (1961): 384-97; Vol. VI (1963): 509-TO.■ Grenfell, F. James. História da Igreja Baptista em Angola, 1879-1975. Queluz, Portugal: Núcleo, 1998.■ Hammond, Richard J. "Economic Imperialism: Sidelights on a Stereotype." Journal of Economic History XXI, 4 (1961): 582-98.■ ———. Portugal and Africa, 1815-1910: A Study in Uneconomic Imperialism. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1966.■ Hanson, Carl. Portugal and the Wider World 1147-1497. New Orleans, La.: University Press of the South, 2001.■ Harris, Marvin. Portugal's African Wards. New York: American Committee on Africa, 1957.■ ———. "Portugal's Contribution to the Underdevelopment of Africa and Brazil." In Ronald H. Chilcote, ed., Protest & Resistance in Angola & Brazil: Comparative Studies, 209-23. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1972.■ Henderson, Lawrence W. Angola: Five Centuries of Conflict. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1979. ———. A Igreja Em Angola. Lisbon: Edit. Além-Mar, 1990. Heywood, Linda. Contested Power in Angola 1840s to the Present. Rochester, N.Y.: University of Rochester Press, 2000.■ Hilton, Anne. The Kingdom of Kongo. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1985.■ Hower, Alfred, and Richard Preto-Rodas, eds. Empire in Transition: The Portuguese World in the Time of Camões. Gainesville: University Presses of Florida, 1985.■ Isaacman, Allen. "The Prazos da Coroa 1752-1830: A Functional Analysis of the Political System." STUDIA (Lisbon) 26 (1969): 149-78.■. Mozambique: The Africanization of a European Institution: The Zambezi Prazos, 1750-1902. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1972.■ ———. The Tradition of Resistance in Mozambique: Anti-Colonial Activity in the Zambesi Valley 1850-1921. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1976.■ James, Martin. Historical Dictionary of Angola, 3rd ed. Lanham, Md.: Scarecrow Press, 2004.■ Jardim, Jorge. Sanctions Double-Cross: Oil to Rhodesia. Lisbon, 1978. Johnson, Harold, and Maria Beatriz Nizza da Silva. O Império Luso-Brasileiro 1500-1620. Volume VI. In J. Serrão and A. H. de Oliveira Marques, eds. Nova História Da Expansão Portuguesa. Lisbon: Estampa, 1992. Joliffe, Jill. East Timor: Nationalism & Colonialism. University of Queensland Press, 1978.■ Kea, Ray A. Settlements, Trade and Politics in the Seventeenth Century Gold Coast. Baltimore, Md.: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1982.■ Kohen, Arnold. From the Place of the Dead. The Epic Struggles of Bishop Belo of East Timor. New York: St Martins, 1999.■ Livingstone, Charles, and David Livingstone. Narrative of an Expedition to the Zambezi and Its Tributaries. New York: 1866.■ Livingstone, David. Missionary Travels and Researches in South Africa. London, 1857.■ Lobban, Richard, and Joshua Forrest. Historical Dictionary of the Republic of Guinea-Bissau, 3rd ed. Lanham, Md.: Scarecrow Press, 1996. Lobban, Richard, and Marilyn Halter. Historical Dictionary of Cape Verde, 3rd ed. Lanham, Md.: Scarecrow Press, 1993. Martino, Antonio M. Joao de Azevedo Coutinho. Marinheiro e soldado de Portugal. Lisbon: Colibri, 2002. Martins, Rocha. História das Colónias Portuguesas. Lisbon, 1933. Marvaud, Angel. Le Portugal et Ses Colonies. Paris, 1912. Mason, Philip, ed. Angola: A Symposium; Views of a Revolt. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1961. Melo, João de, ed. Os Anos Da Guerra 1961-1975: Os Portugueses em Africa, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1988. Miller, Joseph C. Way of Death: Merchant Capitalism and the Angolan Slave Trade, 1730-1830. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1988.■ Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Portugal. Vinte Anos de Defesa do Estado Português de India. Lisbon, 1967.■. Portugal Replies in the United Nations. Lisbon, 1970.■ Mondlane, Eduardo. The Struggle for Mozambique. Harmondsworth, U.K.: Penguin, 1969.■ Moreira, Adriano. Política Ultramarina. Lisbon, 1956.■. Portugal's Stand in Africa. New York: University Publishers, 1962.■, and Jose Carlos Venancio. Eds. Luso-Tropicalismo. Uma Teoria Social em Questao. Lisbon: Vega, 2000.■ Múrias, Manuel, ed. História da expansão portuguesa no mundo, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1937-42.■. Short History of Portuguese Colonization. Lisbon, 1940.■ Newitt, Malyn. Portuguese Settlement on the Zambesi: Exploration, Land Tenure and Colonial Rule in East Africa. New York: Holmes & Meier, 1973.■. Portugal in Africa: The Last Hundred Years. London: Longmans, 1981.■. A History of Mozambique. London: Hurst, 1995.■. A History ofPortuguese Overseas Expansion, 1400-1668. London: Routledge, 2005.■. História De Portugal. 1933-1974: II Suplemento. Oporto, 1981.■. Salazar. Vol. V: A Resistência ( 1958-1964). Oporto, 1981.■ Nowell, Charles E. "Portugal and the Partition of Africa." Journal of Modern History XIX, 1 (1947): 1-17.■ Nunes, Antonio Lopes Pires. Angola 1961. Da Baixa do Cassange a Nambu-angongo. Lisbon: Prefacio, 2005.■ Okuma, Thomas. Angola in Ferment: The Background and Prospects of Angolan Nationalism. Boston: Beacon, 1962.■ Pattee, Richard. Portugal and the Portuguese World. Milwaukee, Wise.: Bruce, 1957.■ Pélissier, René. Les Guerres Grises: Resistance Et Revoltes en Angola ( 18451941). Orgeval: Pélissier, 1977.■. Naissance Du Mozambique: Tome 1, Tome 2, Resistance Et Revoltes Anticoloniales ( 1854-1981), 2 vols. Orgeval: Pélissier, 1984.■. História de Moçambique. Vol. II. Lisbon, 1988.■. Naissance de la Guinée: Portugais et Africains en Senegambie ( 1841-1936). Orgeval: Pélissier, 1989.■ Pires, Adelino Serras, and Fiona Claire Capstick. The Winds of Havoc: A Memoir of Adventure and Destruction in Deepest Africa. New York: St. Martin's, 2001.■ Prestage, Edgar. The Portuguese Pioneers. London: Black, 1933.■ Ranger, T. [Terence] O. "Revolt in Portuguese East Africa: The Makombe Rising of 1917." St. Anthony's Papers. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 15 (1963).■ Remy. Goa, Rome of the Orient. Trans. from the French by Lancelot Sheppard. London, 1957.■ Ribeiro, General Goncalves. A Vertigem da Descolonizacao. Da Agonia do Exodo a Cidadania Plena. Lisbon: Inquerito, 2002. Ricard, Robert. Etudes sur l'Histoire des Portugais au Maroc. Coimbra, 1955.■ Richards, J. M. Goa. London: Hurst, 1982.■ Rodney, Walter. A History of the Upper Guinea Coast, 1545-1800. New York: Oxford University Press, 1970. Rodrigues, José Honório. Africa e Brasil: Outro Horizonte. Rio de Janeiro, 1961.■ Rogers, Francis M. "Valentim Fernandes, Rodrigo de Santaella, and the Recognition of the Antilles as "Opposite India." Boletim da Sociedade de Geografia de Lisboa series 75 (July-September 1957): 279-309.■. The Obedience of a King of Portugal. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1958.■. The Quest for Eastern Christians: Travels and Rumors in the Age of Discovery. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1962.■ Russell-Wood, A. J. Fidalgos and Philanthropists: The Santa Casa da Mi-sericordia of Bahia, 1550-1755. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1968.■. "Colonial Brazil." In David W. Cohen and Jack Greene, eds., Neither Slave nor Free, 84-133. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1972.■. "Local Government in Portuguese America: A Study in Cultural Divergence." Comparative Studies in Society and History 16 (1974): 187-231.■. From Colony to Nation: Essays on the Independence of Brazil. Baltimore, Md.: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1975.■. World on the Move: The Portuguese in Africa, Asia & America, 1415-1808. New York: St. Martins, 1993.■ Salazar, António de Oliveira. Goa and the Indian Union. Lisbon, 1954.■. "Portugal, Goa and the Indian Union." Foreign Affairs (New York) 34, 3 (April, 1956): 418-31.■. "Realities and Trends of Portugal's Policies." International Affairs (London) XXXIX, 2 (April 1963): 169-83.■ Saldanha, C. F. A Short History of Goa. Goa, 1957.■ Sanceau, Elaine. Indies Adventure: The Amazing Career of Afonso de Albuquerque. London: Blackie, 1936.■. Portugal in Quest of Prester John. London: Hutchinson, 1943.■. The Land of Prester John. New York: Knopf, 1944.■. Henry the Navigator. New York: Norton, 1947.■. The Perfect Prince: Dom João II. Oporto, 1959.■. Good Hope, the Voyage of Vasco da Gama. Lisbon, 1967.■. Knight of the Renaissance: A Biography of Dom João de Castro. London: Hutchinson, n.d.■ Schubert, Benedict. A Guerra e as Igrejas: Angola, 1961-1991. Basel, Switzerland: Schlettwein, 2000 [orig. ed. in German, Lucerne, Exodus Pub., 1997].■ Schwartz, Stuart G. Sovereignty and Society in Colonial Brazil. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1973.■ Serra, Carlos, ed. História de Moçambique, 2 vols. Maputo, Mozambique: Tempo, 1982-83.■ Silva, Botelho da, ed. and comp. " Dossier" Goa. ( General Manuel) Vassalo e Silva. A Recusa do Sacrifício Inútil. Lisbon, 1975.■ Silva, Maria Beatriz Nizza da, ed. O Império Luso-Brasileiro 1750-1822. Volume VIII. In J. Serrão and A. H. de Oliveira Marques, eds., Nova História Da Expansão Portuguesa. Lisbon: Estampa, 1986.■ Silva Cunha J. M. da. Questões Ultramarinos e Internacionais. Lisbon, 1960.■ Silva Rego, A. da. História das missões do padroado português do Oriente: India ( 1500-1542). 1 vol. Lisbon, 1949.■. Portuguese Colonization in the Sixteenth Century: A Study of Royal Ordinances. Johannesburg: Witwaterstrand University Press, 1957.■. O Ultramar Português No Século XIX ( 1834-1910). Lisbon, 1966.■ Sousa Dias, Gastão. Os Portugueses em Angola. Lisbon, 1959.■ Sykes, John. Portugal and Africa: The People and the War. London: Hutchinson, 1971.■ Telo, António José. Lourenço Marques na Política Externa Portuguesa. Lisbon: Cosmos, 1991.■. Economia E Império No Portugal Contemporânea. Lisbon: Cosmos, 1994.■. Os Açores e o Controlo do Atlântico. Lisbon: Asa, 1993.■ Vail, Leroy, and Landeg White. Capitalism and Colonialism in Mozambique: A Study of Quelimane District. Minneapolis: Minnesota University Press, 1980.■ Veen, Ernst van. Defeat or Decay? An Inquiry into the Portuguese Decline in Asia 1580-1645. Leiden: University of Leiden, 2000.■ Verlinden, Charles. "Italian Influence on Iberian Colonization." Hispanic American Historical Review 33 (1953): 99-211.■. The Beginnings of Modern Colonization. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1970.■ Vogel, Charles. Le Portugal et Ses Colonies. Paris, 1860.■ Vogt, John. Portuguese Rule on the Gold Coast 1469-1682. Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1979.■ Wheeler, Douglas L. "The Portuguese in Angola. 1836-1891: A Study in Expansion and Administration." Ph.D. dissertation, Boston University, Department of History, 1963.■. "Anti-Imperialism Traditions in Portugal, Yesterday and Today." Boston University Graduate Journal XII, 2 (Spring 1964): 125-37.■. 'The Portuguese and Mozambique: The Past against the Future." In John A. Davis and James K. Baker, eds., Southern Africa in Transition. 180-96. New York: Praeger, 1966.■. "Gungunhana." In Norman R. Bennett, ed., Leadership in Eastern Africa, Six Political Biographies, 165-220. Boston: Boston University Press, 1968.■. "Gungunyane the Negotiator." Journal of African History IX, 4 (1968): 585-602.■. "Nineteenth-Century African Protest in Angola: Prince Nicolas of Kongo (1830?-1860)." African Historical Studies (Boston) I (1968): 40-59.■. "The Portuguese Army in Angola." Journal of Modern African Studies (Cambridge U.K.), 7, 3 (Oct. 1969): 425-39.■. "Thaw in Portugal." Foreign Affairs 48, 4 (July 1970): 769-81.■. "Portugal in Angola: A Living Colonialism?" In C. Potholm and R. Dale, eds., Southern Africa in Perspective, 172-82. New York: Free Press, 1972.■. "The First Portuguese Colonial Movement, 1835-1875." Iberian Studies (Keele, U.K.) I, 1 (Spring 1975): 25-27.■. "Rebels and Rebellions in Angola, 1672-1892." In Mark Karp, ed., African Dimensions: Essays in Honor of William O. Brown, 81-93. Boston: Boston University Press, 1975.■. "African Elements in Portugal's Armies in Africa (1961-1974)." Armed Forces and Society (Chicago) 2, 2 (Feb. 1976): 233-50.■. "Portuguese Colonial Governors in Africa, 1870-1974." In L. H. Gann and Peter Duignan, eds., African Proconsuls: European Governors in Africa, 415-26. New York: Free Press, 1978; and "J. Mousinho de Albuquerque (1855-1902)" and "J. Norton de Matos (1867-1955)": 427-44; 445-63.■. "The Portuguese Withdrawal from Africa, 1974-1975; The Angolan Case." In John Seiler, ed., Southern Africa Since the Portuguese Coup, 3-21. Boulder, Colo.: Westview, 1980.■. "The Portuguese Exploration Expeditions and Expansion in Angola, 1877-1883." In Academia de Marinha and Instituto de Investigação Científica Tropical, eds., Vice Almirante A. Teixeira Da Mota: In Memoriam. Volume I, 267-76. Lisbon, 1987.■. "'Aqui é Portugal!': The Politics of the Colonial Idea during the Estado Novo, 1926-1974." In Pavilhão de Portugal, EXPO'98 and Instituto de História Contemporânea, eds., Portugal No Transição Do Milênio: Colóquio Internacional, 375-105. Lisbon: Fim de Século, 1998.■. The Empire Time Forgot: Writing a History of the Portuguese Overseas Empire, 1808-1975. Oporto: Universidade Fernando Pessoa, 1998.■. "Filho Do Porto, Filho Do Império: Antônio Francisco Da Silva Porto (1817-1890) and the Politics of Motivation in Portugal's First and Second Scrambles for Africa (1836-1861; 1875-1891)." Revista da UFP [Universidade Fernando Pessoa] 4 (Dec. 1999): 225-54.■. "'Mais leis do que mosquitos': A Primeira República Portuguesa e o Império Ultramarino (1910-1926)." In Nuno Severiano Teixeira and Antó-nio Costa Pinto, eds., A Primeira República Portuguesa Entre O Liberalismo E O Autoritarismo, 133-68. Lisbon: University Nova de Lisboa, 2000.■. "Spiritual Peoples at Odds: Portugal, India and the Goa Question, 1947-61." In Anthony Disney and Emily Booth, eds., Vasco Da Gama and the Linking of Europe and Asia, 452-70. New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2000.■. "Portugal, Africa and the future." In Stewart Lloyd-Jones and Antonio Costa Pinto, eds., The Last Empire: Thirty Years of Portuguese Decolonization, 113-25. Bristol, U.K.: Intellect, 2003.■. "The Forced Labor 'System' in Angola, 1903-1947: Reassessing Origins and Persistence in the Context of Colonial Consolidation, Economic Growth and Reform Failures." In CEAUP, Centro de Estudos Africanos da Universidade do Porto, ed., Trabalho forcado africano-experiencias coloniais comparadas, 367-393. Oporto: CEAUP, 2006.■. "As Raizes Do Nacionalismo Angolano: Publicacoes De Protesto Dos Assimilados, 1870-1940." In Nuno Vidal and Justino Pinto De Andrade, eds., O Processo De Transicao Para O Multipartidarismo Em Angola, 73-92. Lisbon: Ed. Firmamento, 2006.■, and René Pélissier. Angola. London: Pall Mall and New York: Praeger, 1971; reprinted, Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1977; Portuguese lang. edition, Lisbon: Tinta-da-China, 2009. Whiteway, R. W. The Rise of the Portuguese Power in India, 1497-1550. London: Constable, 1899.■ Winius, George D. The Fatal History of Portuguese Ceylon: Transition to Dutch Rule. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1971.■. "The Portuguese Asian 'Decadência' Revisited." In Alfred Hower and Richard Preto-Rodas, eds., Empire in Transition, 106-17. Gainesville: University Presses of Florida, 1980.■. The Black Legend of Portuguese India. New Delhi: New Concept, 1985.■ Alves, Marcial. Os Portugueses no Mundo. Lisbon, 1983.■ Anderson, Grace M., and David Higgs, eds. A Future to Inherit: Portuguese Communities in Canada. Toronto: McClelland and Stewart, 1976. Arroteia, Jorge Carvalho. A emigração Portuguesa-suas origens e distribuição. Lisbon, 1983.■ Brettell, Caroline B. "Nineteenth- and Twentieth-Century Portuguese Emigration: A Bibliography." Portuguese Studies Newsletter 3 (Fall-Winter, 1977-78).■. "Emigrar Para Voltar: A Portuguese Ideology of Return Migration." Papers in Anthropology 20 (1979): 1-20.■. We Have Already Cried Many Tears: The Stories of Three Portuguese Migrant Women. Cambridge, Mass.: Schenkman Publishing Co., 1982.■. Men Who Migrate, Women Who Wait: Population and History in a Portuguese Parish. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1986.■ Carvalho, Eduardo de. Os portugueses na Nova Inglaterra. Rio de Janeiro, 1931.■ Caspari, Andrea. "The Return Orientation among Portuguese Migrants in France." In E. de Sousa Ferreira and W. C. Opello, Jr., eds., Conflict and Change in Portugal, 1974-1984, 193-203. Lisbon, 1985.■ Dias, Eduardo Mayone, ed. Portugueses na América do Norte. Baden: Peregrinação, 1983.■ Fagundes, Francisco Cota. Hard Knocks: An Azorean-American Odyssey.■ [Memoir]. Providence, R.I.: Gávea-Brown, 2000. Felix, John Henry, and Peter F. Senecal. The Portuguese in Hawaii. Honolulu, Hawaii: Authors' edition, 1978. Fernandes, Ferreira. Os Primos da América. Lisbon: Relógio D'Agua, 1991. Ferreira, Eduardo de Sousa. As orígens e formas de emigração. Lisbon, 1976. Freitas, J. F. Portuguese-American Memories. Honolulu, Hawaii, 1930.■ Giles, Wenona. "Motherhood and Wage Labour in London, England: Portuguese Migrant Women and the Politics of Gender." Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Anthropology. University of Toronto, 1987.■ Higgs, David, ed. Portuguese Migration in Global Perspective. Ontario: Multicultural Historical Society of Ontario, 1990.■ Klimt, Andrea. "Portuguese Migrants in Germany: Class, Ethnicity and Gender." Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Anthropology. Stanford University, 1987.■ Lavigne, Gules. Les ethniques et la ville: L'aventure des immigrants portugais à Montreal. Montreal: Preamble, 1987.■ Leder, Hans Howard. Cultural Persistence in a Portuguese-American Community. New York: Arno Press, 1980.■ Lewis, J. R., and A. M. Williams. "Emigrants and Retornados: A Comparative Analysis of the Economic Impact of Return Migration in the Região Centro." In E. D. Sousa Ferreira and W. C. Opello, Jr., eds., Conflict and Change in Portugal, 1974-1984, 227-50. Lisbon, 1985.■ McCabe, Marsha L., and Joseph D. Thomas, eds. Portuguese Spinner: An American Story; Stories of History, Culture and Life from Portuguese Americans in Southeastern New England. New Bedford, Mass.: Spinner, 1998.■ Marques, D., and J. Medeiros. Portuguese Immigrants: 25 Years in Canada. Toronto: West End YMCA, 1989.■ Martins, J. Oliveira. Fomento Rural e emigração Portuguesa. Lisbon, 1956.■ Mira, Manuel. The Forgotten Portuguese: The Melungeons and Other Groups; The Portuguese Making of America. Franklin, N.C.: Portuguese-American Historical Research Foundation, 1998.■ Nazareth, J. Manuel. "Familia e Emigração em Portugal." Economia e Sociedade (Lisbon) 23 (1977): 31-50.■ Nunes, Maria Luisa. A Portuguese Colonial in America: Belmira Nunes Lopes; The Autobiography of a Cape Verdean-American. Pittsburgh, Penn.: Latin American Literary Review Press, 1982.■ Oliver, Lawrence. Never Backward: The Autobiography of Lawrence Oliver; A Portuguese-American. San Diego, 1972.■ Pap, Leo. The Portuguese-Americans. Boston: Twayne, 1981.■ Pereira, Miriam Halpern. A Política Portuguesa de Emigraçao, 1850 a 1930. Lisbon: Regra do Jogo, 1981.■ Pereira da Rosa, Victor M., and Salvato V. Trigo. "Elementos para uma Caracterização da Família Imigrante Portuguesa na Africa do Sul." Economia e Sociologia 41 (1986): 61-71.■. Azorean Emigration: A Preliminary Overview. Oporto: Fernando Pessoa University, 1994.■. Portugueses e Moçambicanos no Apartheid: Da Ficção à Realidade. Lisbon, 1986.■ Purves, James. "Portuguese in Bermuda." Bermuda Historical Quarterly 3 (1946): 133-42.■ Ribeiro, F. G. Cassola. Emigração Portuguesa. Lisbon, 1986.■ Rocha-Trinidade, Maria Beatriz da. "La Sociologie des Migrations au Portugal." Current Sociology 32, 2 (Summer 1984): 175-98.■. "Towards Reintegration of Emigrants." In E. de Sousa Ferreira and Guy Clausse, eds., Closing the Migratory Cycle: The Case of Portugal, 183-94. Saarbrücken: Breitenbach, 1985.■. "Emigração." In Dicionario Illustrado Da História De Portugal ( 1985): 205-7.■. A Emigração. Lisbon, 1986.■. "Espaços de herança cultural portuguesa-gentes, factos, políticas." Analise Social (Lisbon) XXIV (1988): 313-51.■ Rocha-Trinidade, Maria Beatriz da, and Jorge Arroteia. Bibliografia da Emigração Portuguesa. Lisbon, 1984.■ Rogers, Francis M. Americans of Portuguese Descent: A Lesson in Differentiation. Beverly Hills, Calif.: Sage, 1974.■. Testemunhos sobre a Emigração Portuguesa: Antologia. Lisbon, 1976.■ Silva, F. Emídio da. A Emigração Portuguesa. Lisbon, 1917.■ Silva, Manuela, et al. Retorno, Emigração e Desenvolvimento Regional em Portugal. Lisbon, 1984.■ Simões, Mário Pinto. O Emigrante Português: Processos de Adaptação ( o exemplo da Suiça). Oporto, 1985.■ Simões, Nuno. O Brasil e a Emigração Portuguesa. Coimbra, 1934.■ Sousa Ferreira, Eduardo de, and Guy Clausse, eds. Closing the Migratory Cycle: The Case of Portugal. Saarbrucken: Verlag Breitenbach, 1986.■ Teixeira, Carlos, and Victor M. Pereira da Rosa, eds. The Portuguese in Canada: From the Sea to the City. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2000.■ Vicente, António Luís. Os Portuguese Nos Estados Unidos Da América: Política De Comunidades E Comunidade Política. Lisbon: FLAD, 1998.■ Viera, David, et al. Portuguese in the United States: A Bibliography ( Supplement to the 1976 Leo Pap Bibliography). Essay Number 6 in Essays in Portuguese Studies. Durham, N.H.: International Conference Group on Portugal, 1989.■ Williams, Jerry. And Yet They Come: Portuguese Immigration from the Azores to the United States. New York: Center for Migration Studies, 1982.■ Portugal's Atlantic Islands (Azores, Madeiras)■ Biddle, Anthony J. Drexel. The Madeira Islands, 2 vols. London: Hurst and Blackett, 1900.■ Bryans, Robin. Madeira, Pearl of the Atlantic. London: Robert Hale, 1959.■. The Azores. London: Faber & Faber, 1963.■ Cooke, Rupert Croft. Madeira. London: Putnam, 1961.■ Cossart, Noel. Madeira— the Island Vineyard. London: Christie's, 1984.■ Da Silva, Fernando Augusto, and Carlos Azevedo de Menezes. Elucidário Madeirense, 3 vols. Funchal, 1940.■ Duncan, T. Bentley. Atlantic Islands in the Seventeenth Century: Madeira, the Azores and the Cape Verdes in Seventeenth-Century Commerce andNavigation. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1972.■ Guill, James H. A History of the Azores Islands. Menlo Park, Calif.: Author's Edition, 1972.■ Instituto Histórico Da Ilha Terceira [Azores]. Os Açores E O Atlântico ( Séculos XIV-XVII) [Proceedings of International Colloquium, August 1983]. Angra do Heroismo, Terceira Island, Azores, 1984.■ Koebel, William Henry. Madeira Old and New. London: Griffiths, 1909.■ Mee, Jules. Histoire de la découverte des Iles Açores. Ghent, 1901.■ Peres, Damião. A Madeira sob os donatórios-Séculos XV e XVI. Funchal, 1914.■ Rogers, Francis M. Atlantic Islanders of the Azores and Madeiras. North Quincy, Mass.: Christopher House, 1979.■ Serpa, Caetano Valadão. A Gente Dos Açores. Identificaçao-Emigraçio E Religiosidade: Séculos XVI-XX. Lisbon: 1978.■ Silva, J. Donald. "With Columbus in Madeira." Portuguese Studies Review (Durham, NH) I, 1 (Spring-Summer 1991).■ Wheeler, Douglas L. "The Azores and the United States (1787-1987): Two Hundred Years of Shared History." Boletim do Instituto Histórico da Ilha Terceira XLV (1988): 55-71.■ Almada, José de. A Aliança Inglesa, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1947.■. Para a história da aliança luso-britânica. Lisbon, 1955.■ Atkinson, William C. British Contributions to Portuguese and Brazilian Studies. London: British Council, 1974.■ Bourne, Kenneth. The Foreign Policy of Victorian England 1830-1902. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1970.■ British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC). 600 Years of Anglo-Portuguese Alliance. London: BBC, 1973.■ British Community Council of London. Souvenir Brochure Commemorating the 600th Anniversary of the Anglo-Portuguese Treaty of Alliance and Friendship, 1373-1973. Lisbon, 1973.■ Cabral, Manuel Villaverde. Portugal na Alvorada do Século XX. Lisbon, 1979.■ Caetano, Marcello "Aliança Inglesa." Enciclopédia Luso-Brasileira da Cultura. Vol. 1 (1963): 1270-1271.■. "L'alliance Anglo-Portuguese: Histoire et situation actuelle." Chronique de politique etrangére (Paris) XX, 6 (1967): 695-708.■. Portugal e a Internacionalização dos Problemas Africanos. Lisbon, 1971.■ Castro, Armando. A dominação inglesa em Portugal. Estudo seguido de Antologia Textos dos Sécs. XVIII e XIX. Oporto: Afrontamento, 1972.■. "Portugal." In O. De Raeymaeker et al. Small Powers in Alignment, 27-96. Leuven, Belgium: Leuven University Press, 1974.■ Cunha Leal, Francisco. Portugal e Inglaterra. Corunna, 1932.■ Davidson, Basil. "The Oldest Alliance Faces a Crisis." In Philip Masonm, ed., Angola: A Symposium. Views of a Revolt, 138-60. London: Oxford University Press, 1962.■ Duff, Katherine. "The War and the Neutrals." In Arnold and Veronica Toyn-bee, eds., Survey of International Affairs. London: Chatham House, 1956.■ Duffy, James. A Question of Slavery. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1967.■ Epstein, John. "The Anglo-Portuguese Alliance, 1373-1973." World Survey (London) 54 (June 1973): p. 18.■ Ferreira, José Medeiros. Estudos de Estratégia e Relações Internacionais. Lisbon, 1981.■ Ferreira Martins, General L. O Poder Militar Da Gran-Bretanha E A Aliança Anglo-Lusa. Coimbra, 1939.■. A Cooperaçio Anglo-Portuguesa na Grande Guerra de 1914-18. Lisbon, 1942.■ Francis, A. D. The Methuens and Portugal 1691-1700. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1966.■. Portugal 1715-1808. London: Tamesis, 1985.■ Freitas, A. Barjona de. A Questão Ingleza. Lisbon, 1891.■ Gonçalves, Caetano. A Aliança Luso-Britânica e o Domínio Colonial Português. Lisbon, 1917.■ Guedes, Armando Marques. A Aliança Inglesa: Notas de História diplomática, 1383-1943. Lisbon, 1943. Halpern Pereira, Miriam. Revoluçio, finanças, dependência externa. Lisbon, 1979.■ Howorth, A. H. D'Araujo Scott. A Aliança Luso-Britânica E A Segunda Guerra Mundial. Lisbon, 1956.■ Kay, Hugh. Salazar and Modern Portugal. New York: Hawthorne, 1970.■ Lawrence, L. Nehru Seizes Goa. New York: Pageant, 1963.■ Livermore, H. V. "The Anglo-Portuguese Alliance: Historical Perspective." 600 Years of Anglo-Portuguese Alliance, 7-15. Lisbon: BBC, 1973.■ Macedo, Jorge Borges de. História Diplomática Portuguesa-Constantes e Linhas de Força. Lisbon, 1987.■ Manoel, J. de Câmara. Portugal e Inglatterra. Lisbon, 1909.■ Martinez, Pedro S. História Diplomática de Portugal. Lisbon, 1986.■ Medlicott, W. N. The Economic Blockade, Vol. II. London: His Majesty's Stationery Office, 1952.■ Oliveira, Pedro Aires. Os Despojos Da Alianca. A Gra-Bretanha e a questao colonial portuguesa 1945-1975. Lisbon: Tinta-da-China, 2007. Ortigão, Ramalho. John Bull. Lisbon, 1887.■ Prestage, Edgar. Diplomatic Relations of Portugal with France, England and Holland from 1646 to 1668. Watford, U.K.: Voss & Michael, 1925.■. Chapters in Anglo-Portuguese Relations. London: Voss & Michael, 1935.■ Russell, Peter E. The English Intervention in Spain and Portugal in the Time of Edward III and Richard II. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1955. Sarmento, J. E. Morães. The Anglo-Portuguese Alliance and Coast Defense. London, 1908.■ Serrão, Joel. "O Ultimatum (January 1890)." Dicionário de História de Portugal. Vol. IV (1971): 219-24.■ Shafaat, Ahmed Khan, ed. Anglo-Portuguese Negotiations Relating to Bombay, 1660-1667. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1922.■ Sideri, Sandro. Trade and Power: Informal Colonialism in Anglo-Portuguese Relations. Rotterdam: Rotterdam University Press, 1970.■ Sousa, Carlos Hermenegildo de. A Aliança Anglo-Portuguesa. Lisbon, 1943.■ Stone, Glyn A. "The Official British Attitude to the Anglo-Portuguese Alliance, 1910-45." Journal of Contemporary History (London) 10, 4 (Oct. 1975): 729-46.■. The Oldest Ally: Britain and the Portuguese Connection, 1936-1941. Woodbridge, U.K.: Royal Historical Society and Boydell Press, 1994. Teixeira, Nuno Severiano. O Ultimatum Inglês: Política Externa no Portugal do 1890. Lisbon, 1990.■ Teles, Basilio. Do Ultimatum ao 30 de Janeiro. Oporto, 1905.■ Vicente, António Pedro. "Um testemunho de 1796 sobre a Situação de Portugal face ao domínio inglês." In Arquivos do Centro Cultural Portugües, IV. Paris, 1972.■ Vieira de Castro, Luís. D. Carlos I. ( Elementos de História Diplomática), 2nd ed. Lisbon, 1941.■ Vincent-Smith, John. "Britain, Portugal and the First World War." European Studies Review 4, 3 (1974).■. "The Portuguese Economy and the Anglo-Portuguese Commercial Treaty of 1916." Iberian Studies (Keele, U.K.) III, 2 (Autumn 1974): 49-54.■. As Relações Políticas Luso-Britânicas 1910-1916. Lisbon, 1975.■. "The Portuguese Republic and Britain, 1910-14." Journal of Contemporary History 10, 4 (Oct. 1975): 707-27.■ Vintras, R. E. The Portuguese Connection: A Secret History of the Azores Base. London: Bachman & Turner, 1974. Viriato [Pseud]. A Aliança lnglesa. Lisbon, 1914.■ Walford, A. R. The British Factory in Lisbon and Its Closing Stages Ensuring upon the Treaty of 1810. Lisbon, 1940.■ Wheeler, Douglas L. "The Portuguese in Angola, 1836-1891: A Study in Expansion and Administration." Ph.D. dissertation, History Department, Boston University, 1963.■. "19th Century: Anglo-Portuguese Alliance and the Scramble for Africa." In BBC, 600 Years of Anglo-Portuguese Alliance, 40-43. London: BBC, 1973.■. "The Price of Neutrality: Portugal, the Wolfram Question and World War II." Luso-Brazilian Review (Madison, Wisc.) 34, 1, 2 (Summer 1986; Winter 1986): 107-27; 97-111.■ Wordsworth, William. William Wordsworth's Convention of Cintra: A Facsimile of the 1809 Tract [Introduction by Gordon Kent Thomas]. Provo, Utah: Brigham Young University Press, 1983.■ Young, George. Portugal Old and Young. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1917.■ ANTHROPOLOGY, SOCIOLOGY, RURAL AND URBAN SOCIETY■ Almeida, Miguel Vale de. The Hegemonic Male: Masculinity in a Portuguese Town. Oxford: Berghan, 1996.■ Black, Richard. Crisis and Change in Rural Europe: Agricultural Development in the Portuguese Mountains. Aldershot, U.K.: Avebury and Ashgate, 1992.■ Brettell, Caroline B. Men Who Migrate, Women Who Wait: Population and History in a Portuguese Parish. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1986.■. "The Absence of Men." Natural History 96, 2 (Feb. 1987): 52-61.■. "The Portuguese." In Encyclopedia of World Cultures. New Haven, Conn.: Human Relations Area Files, 1990.■. "The Priest and His People: The Contractual Basis for Religious Practice in Rural Portugal." In Ellen Badone, ed., Religious Orthodoxy and Popular Faith in European Society, 55-75. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1990.■ Brogger, Jan. Pre-bureaucratic Europeans: A Study of a Portuguese Fishing Community. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1989. Cabral, Manuel Villaverde. "Portuguese Perspectives." Sociologia Ruralis [Journal of European Rural Sociology] XXIV, 1 (1986); number devoted to rural Portugal today. Chaney, Rick. Regional Emigration and Remittances in Developing Countries: The Portuguese Experience. New York: Praeger, 1986. Cole, Sally. Women of the Praia: Work and Lives in a Portuguese Colonial Community. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1991. Cutileiro, José. A Portuguese Rural Society. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1971.■ Deschamps, Paul. Portugal: La Vie Sociale Actuelle. Paris, 1935.■. Histoire Sociale du Portugal. Paris, 1959.■ Dias, Jorge. Rio do Onor-comunitarismo agropastoral. Oporto, 1953.■. Ensaios Etnológicos. Lisbon, 1961.■. The Portuguese Contribution to Cultural Anthropology. Johannesburg: Witwaterstrand University Press, 1964.■. Vilarinho Da Furna: Uma Aldeia Comunitária. Rev. ed. Lisbon, 1981.■ Downs, Charles. Os Moradores à Conquista da Cidade. Lisbon, 1978.■. "Community Organization, Political Change and Urban Policy: Portugal. 1974-1976." Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Sociology. University of California, 1980.■. "Residents' Commissions and Urban Struggles in Revolutionary Portugal." In L. S. Graham and D. L. Wheeler, eds., In Search of Modern Portugal: The Revolution and Its Consequences. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1983.■ Dracklé, Dorlé. Macht und Ohnmacht: Der Kampf num die Agarreform im Alentejo ( Portugal). Gottingen, Germany: Edit. Re, 1991.■ Espírito Santo, Moise. Communidade Rural ao Norte do Tejo. Lisbon, 1980.■ Feijó, Rui, H. Martins, and João de Pina Cabral, eds. Death in Portugal. Oxford: Journal of the Anthropological Society of Oxford, 1983.■ Feijó, Rui Graça. "State, Nation and Regional Diversity in Portugal: An Overview." In Richard Herr and John H. Polt, eds., Iberian Identity: Essays on the Nature of Identity in Portugal and Spain, 37-47. Berkeley: Institute of International Studies, University of California, 1989.■ Feio, Mariano. Les Bas Alentejo et l'Algarve. Lisbon, 1949.■ Ferreira de Almeida, João. Classes sociais nos campos. Lisbon, 1986.■ Fonseca, Ramiro da. O Livro da Saúde e da Doença. Lisbon, 1979.■ Gallop, Rodney. Portugal: A Book of Folk-Ways. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1936. Reprinted, 1961.■ Hoefgen, Lynn. "The Integration of Returnees from the Colonies into Portugal's Social and Economic Life." Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Anthropology, University of Florida, 1985.■ Ingerson, Alice Elizabeth. "Corporatism and Class Consciousness in Northwestern Portugal." Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Anthropology. Johns Hopkins University, 1984.■ Jenkins, Robin. The Road to Alto. London: Pluto Press, 1979.■ Lawrence, Denise. "Menstrual Politics: Women and Pigs in Rural Portugal." In T. Buckley and A. Gottlieb, eds., Blood Magic: The Anthropology of Menstruation, 117-36. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1988.■. "Suburbanization of House Form and Gender Relations in a Rural Portuguese Agro-Town." Architecture and Behavior 4, 3 (1988): 197-212.■ Martins, Hermínio. "Portugal." In Margaret S. Archer and Salvador Giner, eds., Contemporary Europe: Class, Status and Power. New York: St. Martins, 1971.■ Mattoso, José. Identificação de um país. Lisbon, 1985.■ Merten, Peter. Anarchismüs und Arbeiterkãmpf in Portugal. Hamburg: Libera-tare Association, 1981.■ Monteiro, Paulo. Terra que ja foi terra: Análise Sociológica de nove lugares agro-pastorais da Serra da Lousã. Lisbon, 1985.■ Nataf, Daniel. "Social Cleavages and Regime Formation in Contemporary Portugal." Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Political Science, UCLA, 1987.■ Nazareth, J. Manuel. "Familia e Emigração em Portugal: Ensaio Exploratório." Economia e Socialismo 23 (1977): 31-50.■ O'Neill, Brian Juan. "Dying and Inheriting in Rural Tras-os-Montes." Journal of the Anthropological Society of Oxford 14 (1983): 44-74.■. Social Inequality in a Portuguese Hamlet: Land, Late Marriage, and Inheritance, 1870-1978. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1987.■ Pacheco, Helder. Tradições Populares de Portugal. Lisbon, 1985.■ Pardoe, Julia. Traits and Traditions of Portugal, 2 vols. London, 1832.■ Pereira Neto, João Baptista. "Social Evolution in Portugal since 1945." In Raymond S. Sayers, ed., Portugal and Brazil in Transition, 212-27. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1968.■ Pina-Cabral, João de. Sons of Adam, Daughters of Eve: The Peasant World-View of the Alto Minho. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1986.■. "Sociocultural Differentiation and Regional Identity in Portugal." In■ R. Herr and J. H. Polt, eds., Iberian Identity, 3-18. Berkeley: Institute of International Studies, 1989.■ Poinard, Michel. La Retour des Traveilleurs Portugais. Paris: La Documentation Francaise, 1979.■ Reed, Robert Roy. "Managing the Revolution: Revolutionary Promise and Political Reality in Rural Portugal." Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Anthropology, Indiana University, 1988.■ Riegelhaupt, Joyce F. "In the Shadow of the City: Integration of a Portuguese Village" [São João das Lampas, nr, Cascais]. Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Anthropology, Columbia University, 1964.■. "Saloio Women: An Analysis of Informal and Formal Political and Economic Roles of Portuguese Peasant Women." Anthropological Quarterly 40, 3 (July 1967): 109-26.■. "Festas and Padres: The Organization of Religious Action in a Portuguese Parish." American Anthropologist 75 (1973): 835-52.■. "Peasants and Politics in Salazar's Portugal: The Corporate State and Village 'Nonpolitics'" In L. S. Graham and H. Makler, eds., Contemporary Portugal: The Revolution and Its Antecedents, 167-90. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1979.■ Rodrigues, Julieta E. S. de Almeida. "Continuity and Change in Urban Portuguese Women's Roles: Emerging New Household Structures." Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Sociology, Columbia University, 1979.■ Rowland, Robert. "Demographic Patterns and Rural Society in Portugal." So-ciologica Ruralis 26, 1 (1986): 36-47.■ Sanchis, Pierre. Arraial. La Fête d'un Peuple: Les Pélerinages Populaires au Portugal. Paris, 1976.■ Siegel, Bernard J. "Social Structure and Medical Practitioners in Rural Brazil and Portugal." Sociologia (São Paulo) 20, 4 (Oct. 1958): 463-76.■. "Conflict, Parochialism and Social Differentiation in Portuguese Society." Journal of Conflict Resolution V, 1 (March 1961): 35-12.■ Smith, T. Lynn. "The Social Relationships of Man to the Land in Portugal." Sociologia 25, 1 (Dec. 1963): 319-43.■ Sousa Santos, Boaventura. "Estado e sociedade na semiperíferia do sistema mundiale: O caso português." Análise Social 87-89 (1985): 869-902.■. "Social Crisis and the State." In Kenneth Maxwell, ed., Portugal in the 1980s: Dilemmas of Democratic Consolidation, 167-95. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1986.■ Vasconcellos, Joaquim Leite de. Ethnograia Portuguesa, 8 vols. Lisbon, 1941-82.■. Tradições Populares Portugueses. New ed. Lisbon, 1986.■ Willems, Emilio. "On Portuguese Family Structure." International Journal of Comparative Society (Dharwar, India) 3, 1 (Sept. 1962): 65-79.■ ARTS, ARCHITECTURE, URBAN PLANNING, MUSIC■ Almeida, Rodrigo Vicente de. História da Arte em Portugal: ( Segundo Estudo) Documentos lnéditos. Oporto, 1883. Almeida D'Eca, Admiral Vicente M. Castles of Portugal. Lisbon, 1925. Amaral, Francisco K. Lisboa: Uma Cidade em Transformação. Lisbon, 1969. Azevedo, Carlos de, and Chester Brummel. Churches of Portugal. New York: Scala Books, 1985.■ Barreira, João, ed. Arte Portuguesa: As Decorativas, 2 vols. Lisbon, n.d.■ Barretto, Mascarenhas, and George Dykes. Fado: Lyrical Origins and Poetical Motivation. Lisbon, 1977.■ Binney, Marcus. Country Manors of Portugal. London: Scala, 1987.■ Branco, Luís de Freitas. A Música em Portugal. Lisbon, 1930.■ Brito, Manuel Carlos de. Opera in Portugal in the Eighteenth Century. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989.■ Carvalho, Pinto de. História de Fado. Lisbon, 1903 and 1982 eds.■ Castro d'Aire, Teresa. O Fado. Lisbon: Temas da Actualidade, 1996.■ Chicó, Mário Tavares. A Architectura Gótica em Portugal. Lisbon, 1968.■ França, José-Augusto. A Arte em Portugal No Século XIX. Lisbon, 1966.■. Lisboa Pombalina e o Illuminismo, 2nd ed. Lisbon, 1977.■. A Reconstrucão e a Arquitectura Pombalina. Lisbon, 1978.■ Gallop, Rodney. "The Fado (The Portuguese Song of Fate)." Musical Quarterly XIX (1933): 199-213.■. Eight Portuguese Folksongs. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1936.■ Gil, Júlio. The Finest Churches in Portugal. Lisbon, 1988.■. The Finest Castles in Portugal, 3rd ed. George F. W. Dykes, trans. Lisbon, 1996.■ Gonçalves, Rui Mário. Pintura e escultura em Portugal. Lisbon: Instituto de Cultura, 1984.■. 100 Pintores Portugueses do século XX. Lisbon: Alfa, 1986.■ Kubler, George. Portuguese Plain Architecture: Between Spices and Diamonds, 1521-1706. Middletown, Conn.: Wesleyan University Press, 1972.■. Studies in Ancient American and European Art: The Collected Essays of George Kubler. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1985.■, and Martin Soria. Art and Architecture in Spain and Portugal. Harmondsworth, U.K.: Penguin, 1959.■ Lacerda, Aarão de. História da Arte em Portugal, 2 vols. Oporto, 1942-48.■ Leão, Joaquim de Sousa. "Decorative Art: The Azulejo." In H. V. Livermore, ed. Portugal and Brazil: An Introduction. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1953.■ Lopes Graça, Fernando. A canção popular portuguesa. Lisbon, 1953.■. A música portuguesa e os sus problemas: Ensaios. Lisbon, 1959.■ Moita, Luís. O fado: canção de vencidos. Lisbon, 1936.■ Neves, José Cassiano. The Palace and Gardens of Fronteira: Seventeenth and Eighteenth Century Portuguese Style. Lisbon: Quetzal and Scala, 1995. North, C.T. Guia dos castelos antigos de Portugal, 2 vols. Lisbon: Bertrand Ed., 2002.■ Pacheco, Jose. Stuart Carvalhais. O desenho grafico e a imprensa. Lisbon: Biblioteca do Empresario, 2000. Pereira, Paulo, ed. Arte portuguesa. Lisbon: Círculo de Leitores, 1995. Picchio, Luciana Stegagno. Storia del Teatro Portoghese. Rome: Edizinio deli' Ateneo, 1964.■ Queirós, José. Cerâmica Portuguesa, 2 vols. 2nd rev. ed. Lisbon, 1948.■ Santos, Luís Reis. Monuments of Portugal. Lisbon, 1940.■ Santos, Reinaldo dos. A Escultura em Portugal, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1948-50.■. História da Arte em Portugal. Oporto, 1953.■ Sasportes, José. História da Dança em Portugal. Lisbon, 1970. Simões, J. M. dos Santos. "Azulejos in a Land of Many Colours." Connoisseur (London) CXXXVII, 551 (1956): 15-21.■. Azulejaria em Portugal no Século X VIII. Lisbon, 1979.■ Smith, Robert C. A Talha em Portugal. Lisbon, 1963.■. The Art of Portugal, 1500-1800. London, Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1968.■. "The Building of Mafra." Apollo 97, 134 (April 1973): 360-67.■ Stoop, Anne de. Demeures portugaises dans les environs de Lisbonne. Paris: Weber, 1986.■. Palais et manoirs: Le Minho. Paris: Ed. du Seuil, 1995.■ Tannock, Michael. Portuguese 20th Century Artists: A Biographical Dictionary. Chichester, U.K.: Phillimore, 1978.■ Taylor, René. "The Architecture of Port Wine." The Architectural Review CXXIX, 772 (1961): 368-99.■ Terol, Marylene. Azulejos a Lisbonne. Paris: Hervas, 1992.■ Veiga de Oliveira, Ernesto. Instrumentos musicais populares portugueses. Lisbon, 1982.■ Watson, Walter Crum. Portuguese Architecture. London: Constable, 1908. Wohl, Hellmut. "Carlos Mardel and His Lisbon Architecture." Apollo 97, 134 (April 1973): 350-59.■ Andrade, Sergio de. "Presepios." In Dicionario de Arte Barroca em Portugal. Lisbon: Presenca, 1989. Barreira, Joao. Arte Portuguesa, Arquitectura e Escultura. Lisbon: Excelsior, n.d.■ Cardoso, Arnaldo Pinto. O Presepio Barroco Portugues. Lisbon: Bertrand, 2003.■ Chaves, Luis. Os Barristas Portugueses. Coimbra, 1925.■. Natal Portugues. Oporto: Liv. Classica Editora, 1942.■ Gargano, Pietro. Il Presepio. Otto Secoli di Storia, Arte, Tradizione. Milan: Fenice, 1995.■ Lima, Henrique de Campos F. Joaquim Machado de Castro, Escultor Conimbricense. Coimbra: Instituto de Historia de Arte, 1989. Macedo, Diogo de. Presepios Portugueses. Lisbon: Artis, 1951.■. Machado de Castro. Lisbon: Artis, 1958.■ Morais, Heitor. Natal do Meu Coracao. Braga: Ed. A.O., 1991.■ Pais, Alexandre Nobre. Presepios Portugueses Monumentos do Seculo XVIII em Terracotta, 2 vols. Master's thesis in history of art, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1998.■ Queiros, Jose. Ceramica Portuguesa. Lisbon: Presenca, 1998. Santos, Reinaldo dos. A Escultura em Portugal. Lisbon: Bertrand, 1951. Serrao, Vitor. Historia da Arte em Portugal IV-O Barroco. Lisbon: Presenca, 2003.■ Smith, Robert C. The Art Of Portugal 1500-1800. New York: Meredith Press, 1968.■ Sousa, Ernesto de. Presepios. Lisbon: Bertrand, 1998.■ Cinema■ Antunes, Joao and Jose de Matos-Cruz, Cinema Portugues 1896-1998. Lisbon: Lusomundo, 1997.■ Bandeira, Jose Gomes. Porto: 100 anos de cinema portugues. Oporto: Camara Municipal do Porto, 1996. Duarte, Fernando. Primitivos do Cinema Portugues. Lisbon: Cinecultura, 1960.■ Faria de Almeida, M., Resumo da Historia do Cinema. Lisbon: RTP, 1982. Nobre, Roberto. Singularidades do Cinema Portugues. Lisbon: Portugalia, n.d.■ Pina, Luis de. Aventura do Cinema Portugues. Lisbon: Vega, 1977.■. Documentarismo Portugues. Lisbon: IPC, 1977.■. Panorama do Cinema Portugues. Lisbon: Terra Livre, 1978.■. Historia do Cinema Portugues. Mem Martins: Europa-America, 1986.■ Ribeiro, Felix. O Cinema Portugues antes do Sonoro. Esboco Historiconema Portugues. Lisbon: Terra Livre, 1978.■. Panorama do Cinema Portugues. Lisbon: n.d.■ Andresen, Sofia de Melo Breyner. A Fada Oriana. 9th ed. Lisbon: Figueiri-nhas, 1985.■ Araújo, Matilde Rosa. A estrada fascinante. Lisbon: Livros Horizonte, 1988. Barreto, Garcia. Literatura Para Crianças E Jovens Em Portugal. Oporto:■ Campo Das Letras, 1998. Bastos, Glória. A escrita para crianças em Portugal no seculo XIX. Lisbon:■ Caminho da Educaçao, 1997. Cadet, Maria Rita Chiappe. Os Contos da Mamã. Lisbon: Lallement Freres, 1883.■ Castro, Fernanda. Mariazinha em Africa, 2nd ed. Lisbon: Portugália, 1947. Cross, Esther, and Wilbur Cross. Portugal. Chicago: Childrens Press, 1986. DeSkalon, Anna, and Christa Stadtler. We Live in Portugal. New York: Watts, 1987.■ Gomes, Alice. A Nau Catrineta, 2nd ed. Lisbon: Portugália, 1973.■. A literatura para a infância. Lisbon: Torres & Abreu, 1979.■ Letria, José Jorge. Do sentimento mágico da vida. Lisbon: Escritor, 1994. Müller, Adolfo Simões. Historiazinha de Portugal, 6th ed. Oporto: Tavares Martins, 1983.■ Osório, Ana de Castro. Para as crianças. Illustr. by Leal da Câmara. Setúbal: Liv. Crianças, 1908.■ Pires, Maria Laura Bettencourt. História da literatura infantil portuguesa. Lisbon: Vega, 1981. Ribeiro, Aquilino. Arca de Noé-III Classe. Lisbon, 1989. Rocha, Natércia. Breve História da Literatura para Crianças em Portugal. Lisbon: Instituto de Cultura e Língua Portuguesa, 1984.■. Bibliografia geral da literatura portuguesa para crianças. Lisbon: Edit. Comunicação, 1987.■ Sá, Domingos Guimarães de. A literatura infantil em Portugal. Braga: Edit. Franciscana, 1981.■ Selfridge. John. Portugal. New York: Chelsea House, 1990. Vaz de Carvalho, Maria Amália. Contos para os Nossos Filhos, 11th ed. Oporto: Barreira, 1947.■ Viana, António Manuel Couto. Jõao de Deus e um século de literatura infantil em Portugal. Lisbon: Ed. do Templo, 1978.■ Lisbon, Capital City, in History and Literature■ Castelo-Branco, Fernando. Lisboa Seiscentista, 3rd ed. Lisbon: 1969.■ Castilho, Júlio de. Lisboa Antiga, 7 vols. Lisbon, 1935-45.■ Couto, Dejanirah. Histoire de Lisbonne. Paris: Fayard, 2000.■ Crespo, Ángel. Lisboa Mítica e Literária. Lisbon: Liv. Horizonte, 1987.■ Dias, Marina Tavares. Lisboa Desaparecida. Lisbon: Quimera, 1990.■ Dionísio, Sant'anna, ed. Guia de Portugal. Vol. I: Lisboa e Arredores. Lisbon: Biblioteca Nacional de Lisboa, 1924, orig. ed; reprint, Gulbenkian Foundation, 1979.■ França, José-Augusto. Lisboa Pombalina e o Iluminismo. Lisbon: Bertrand, 1977.■ Moita, Irisalva, ed. O Livro de Lisboa. Lisbon: Liv. Horizonte, 1994.■ Neves, Orlando. Lisboa em Crónica. Lisbon: Author's Ed., 1968.■ Pavão, Luís, and Mário Pereira. Tabernas de Lisboa. Lisbon: Assírio & Alvim, 1981.■ Pessoa, Fernando. Lisboa. O que o turista deve ver: What the Tourist Should See. Lisbon: Liv. Horizonte, 1997.■ Queirós, José Maria Eça de. À Capital. Lisbon: Sá da Costa, 1960.■ Santos, Piedade Braga, et al. Lisboa Setecentista vista por Estrangeiros. Lisbon: Liv. Horizonte, 1996.■ Vieira, Alice. Esta Lisboa. Lisbon: Caminho, 1993.■ Wright, David, and Patrick Swift. Lisbon: A Portrait and Guide. New York: Scribners, 1971.■ Azevedo, João Lúcio. Historia das Cristãos-Novos. Lisbon: Liv. Clássica, 1975.■ Baião, António. A Inquisição em Portugal e no Brasil: Subsídios para a sua história. Lisbon: Arquivo Histórico Portugues, 1906. Bethencourt, Francisco. "Portugal: A Scrupulous Inquisition," In Bengt Ankarloo and Gustav Henningsen, eds., Early Modern Witchcraft: Centres and Peripheries, 403-22. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1990.■. "Os equilíbrios sociais do Poder." In José Mattoso, ed., Historia De Portugal, Vol. 3, No Alvorecer Da Modernidade ( 1480-1620). Lisbon: Estampa, 1993.■ Braga, Maria Luísa. A Inquisição em Portugal na primeira metade do Séc. XVIII. Lisbon: Inst. Nacional de Investigação Científica, 1992.■ Haliczer, Stephen, ed. Inquisition and Society in Early Modern Europe. London: Croom Helm, 1987.■ Herculano, Alexandre. History of the Origin and Establishment of the Inquisition in Portugal. Reprint. New York: AMS Press, 1968.■ Magalhães, Joaquim Romero. "Em Busca dos Tempos da Inquisição (15731615)." Revista de História das Ideias 9 (1987): 191-228.■ Mea, Elvira Cunha Azevedo. A Inquisição de Coimbra no Século XVI. Oporto, 1989.■ Mendonça, José Lourenço D. de, and António Joaquim Moreira. História da Inquisição em Portugal. Lisbon: Círculo de Leitores, 1980.■ Novinsky, Anita, and Luísa M. Carneiro, eds. Inquisição: Ensaios sobre Mentalidade, Heresias e Arte. Rio de Janeiro: Expressão e Cultura, 1992.■ Pereira, Isais da Rosa. Documentos para a história da Inquisição em Portugal. Lisbon, 1987.■ Rego, Yvonne Cunha, ed. Feiticeiros, Profetas e Visionários: Textos Antigos Portugueses. Lisbon: Imprensa Nacional e Casa da Moeda, 1981.■ Saraiva, António José. Inquisição e cristãos-novos. Lisbon: Estampa, 1985.■ Walker, Timothy Dale. "Doctors, Folk Medicine and the Inquisition: The Repression of Popular Healing in Portugal during the Enlightenment Era." Ph.D. dissertation, Department of History, Boston University, 2001.■ Literature in English Translation: Selection■ Alcaforado, Mariana. The Letters of a Portuguese Nun ( Mariana Alcaforado). Edgar Prestage, trans. London: D. Nutt, 1893.■ Andrade, Eugénio de. "White on White." Alexis Levitin, trans. Quarterly Review of Literature. Poetry Series VIII. Vol. 27. Princeton, N.J., 1987.■. Another Name for Earth; O outro nome da terra. Alexis Levitin, trans. Ft. Bragg, Calif.: QED Press, 1997.■ Andresen, Sophia de Mello Breyner. Marine Rose: Selected Poems. Ruth Fain-light, trans. Redding Ridge, Conn.: Swan Books, 1989.■ Antunes, António Lobo. South of Nowhere. Elizabeth Lowe, trans. New York: Random House, 1983.■. Fado Alexandrino. Gregory Rabassa, trans. New York: Grove Weidenfeld, 1990.■. An Explanation of the Birds. Richard Zenith, trans. New York: Grove Weidenfeld, 1991.■. Act of the Damned. New York: Grove Press, 1995.■. The Natural Order of Things. New York: Grove Press, 2000.■ Barreno, Maria Isabel, Maria Teresa Horta, and Maria Velho da Costa. The Three Marias: New Portuguese Letters. Helen R. Lane, trans. New York: Doubleday, 1975.■ Bell, Aubrey F. G. Poems from the Portuguese ( with the Portuguese text). A.■ Bell, trans. Oxford: Blackwell, 1913.■ Camões, Luís de. The Lusiads of Luís de Camões. Leonard Bacon, trans. New York: Hispanic Society of America, 1950.■. The Lusiads. William C. Atkinson, trans. Harmondsworth, U.K.: Penguin, 1952.■. The Lusiads. Landeg White, trans. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.■ Castelo Branco, Camilo. Doomed Love ( A Family Memoir). Alice R. Clemente, trans Providence, R.I.: Gávea-Brown, 1995. Castro, José Maria Ferreira de. Emigrants. Dorothy Ball, trans. New York: Macmillan, 1962.■. Jungle. Charles Duff, trans. New York: Viking, 1935.■. The Mission. Ann Stevens, trans. London: Hamilton, 1963.■ Dantas, Júlio. The Cardinals' Collation, 48th ed. A. Saintsbury, trans. London, 1962.■ Dias de Melo. Dark Stones. Gregory McNab, trans. Providence, R.I.: Gávea-Brown, 1996.■ Dinis, Júlio. The Fidalgos of Casa Mourisca. Rosanna Dabney, trans. Boston: D. Lothrop, 1891.■ Garrett, Almeida. Brother Luiz de Sousa [play]. Edgar Prestage, trans. London: Elkin Mathess, 1909.■. Travels in My Homeland. John M. Parker, trans. London: Peter Owen and UNESCO, 1987. Griffin, Jonathan. Camões: Some Poems Translated from the Portuguese by Jonathan Griffin. London: Menard Press, 1976. Jorge, Lídia. The Murmuring Coast. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1995.■ Lisboa, Eugénio, ed. Portuguese Short Fiction. Manchester, U.K.: Carcanet, 1997.■ Lopes, Fernão. The English in Portugal 1367-87: Extracts from the Chronicles of Dom Fernando and Dom João. Derek W. Lomax and R. J. Oakley, eds. and trans. Warminster, U.K.: Aris & Phillips, 1988.■ Macedo, Helder, ed. Contemporary Portuguese Poetry: An Anthology in English. Helder Macedo, et al., trans. Manchester, U.K.: Carcanet New Press, 1978.■ Martins, J. P. De Oliveira. A History of Iberian Civilization. Aubrey F. G. Bell, trans.; preface by Salvador de Madariaga. New York: Cooper Square, 1969.■ Mendes Pinto, Fernão. The Travels of Mendes Pinto [Orig. title: Peregrinação].■ Rebecca D. Catz, trans., with introduction and notes. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1989. Miguéis, José Rodrigues. A Man Smiles at Death with Half a Face. George■ Monteiro, trans. Hanover, N.H.: University Press of New England, 1991.■. Happy Easter. John Byrne, trans. Manchester, U.K.: Carcanet, 1995.■. Steerage and Ten Other Stories. George Monteiro, ed. Providence, R.I.: Gávea-Brown, 1998. Monteiro, Luís De Sttau. The Rules of the Game. Ann Stevens, trans. London: Hamilton, 1965.■ Mourão-Ferreira, David. Lucky in Love. Christine Robinson, trans. Manchester, U.K.: Carcanet, 1999. Namora, Fernando. Field of Fate. Dorothy Ball, trans. London: Macmillan, 1970.■. Mountain Doctor. Dorothy Ball, trans. London: Macmillan, 1956.■ Nemésio, Vitorino. Inclement Weather over the Channel. Francisco Cota Fagundes, trans. Providence, R.I.: Gávea-Brown, 1993.■. Stormy Isles: An Azorean Tale. Francisco C. Fagundes, trans. Providence, R.I.: Gávea-Brown, 2000.■ Paço D'Arcos, Joaquim. Memoirs of a Banknote. Robert Lyle, trans. London, 1968.■ Pedroso, Consiglieri, comp. Portuguese Folk-Tales. Henriqueta Monteiro, trans. Reprint of orig. 1882 ed. New York: Benjamin Blom, 1969.■ Pessoa, Fernando. Fernando Pessoa: Sixty Portuguese Poems. F. E. G. Quintanilha, ed. and trans. Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 1971.■. Selected Poems: Fernando Pessoa. 2nd rev. ed. Jonathan Griffin, trans. Harmondsworth, U.K.: Penguin, 1982.■. The Book of Disquiet. Alfred MacAdams, trans. New York: Pantheon, 1991.■. Fernando Pessoa: Selected Poems. Peter Rickard, ed. and trans. Edinburgh, U.K.: Edinburgh University Press, 1991.■. "The Mariner: A 'Static Drama' in One Act." In Translation: Portugal.■ George Ritchie, et al., trans. The Journal of Literary Translation. Vol. XXV, 38-56. New York: Translation Center, Columbia University, 1991.■. Message: Bilingual Edition. Jonathan Griffin, trans. London: Menard Press and King's College, 1992.■ Pires, José Cardoso. Ballad of a Dog's Beach. Mary Fitton, trans. London: J. M. Dent, 1986.■ Queirós, José Maria Eça de. Cousin Bazilio. Roy Campbell, trans. London: Max Reinhardt, 1953.■. The Relic. Aubrey F. G. Bell, trans. London: Max Reinhardt, 1954.■. The City and the Mountains. Roy Campbell, trans. London: Max Reinhardt, 1955.■. The Sin of Father Amaro. Nan Flanagan, trans. London: Max Reinhardt, 1962.■. The Maias. Patricia McGowan Pinheiro, trans. London: Bodley Head, 1965.■. The Illustrious House of Ramires. Ann Stevens, trans. London: Bodley Head, 1968.■. Letters from England. Ann Stevens, trans. London: Bodley Head, 1970.■. To the Capital. John Vetch, trans. Manchester, U.K.: Carcanet, 1995.■ Quental, Antero de. Sixty-four Sonnets. Edgar Prestage, trans. London: David Nutt, 1894.■ Redol, Alves. The Man with Seven Names. L. L. Barrett, trans. New York: Knopf, 1964.■ Resende, André de. André deResende's 'Poema Latina'/ 'Latinpoems.' J. C. R. Martyn, ed. and trans. Lewiston N.Y.: Lampeter and Edwin Mellen, 1998. Ribeiro, Aquilino. When the Wolves Howl. Patricia McGowan Pinheiro, trans. New York: Macmillan; London: Cape, 1963. Sá Carneiro, Mário de. The Great Shadow ( and Other Stories). Margaret Jull Costa, trans. Sawtry, U.K.: Dedalus, 1996. Santareno, Bernardo. The Promise. Nelson H. Vieira, trans. Providence, R.I.: Gávea-Brown, 1981.■ Saramago, José. Baltasar and Blimunda. Giovanni Pontiero, trans. New York: Harcourt, Brace, 1987.■. The Stone Raft. Giovanni Pontiero, trans. New York: Harcourt, Brace, 1991.■. The Year of the Death of Ricardo Reis. Giovanni Pontiero, trans. New York: Harcourt, Brace, 1991.■. The History of the Siege of Lisbon. Giovanni Pontiero, trans. New York: Harcourt Brace, 1996.■. Blindness. New York: Harcourt, Brace, 1999.■. Tale of the Unknown Island. New York: Harcourt Brace, 2000.■. All the Names. Margaret Jull Costa, trans. New York: Harcourt, 2000.■. Journey to Portugal. New York: Harcourt Brace, 2001.■ Sena, Jorge de. The Poetry of Jorge de Sena: A Bilingual Selection. Frederick G. Williams et al., trans. Santa Barbara, Calif.: Mudborn Press, 1980.■. By the Rivers of Babylon and Other Stories. New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press, 1989.■ Vicente, Gil. Four Plays of Gil Vicente: Edited from the Editio Princeps ( 1562). Aubrey F. G. Bell, ed. and trans. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1920.■. Lyrics of Gil Vicente. Aubrey F. G. Bell, trans. Oxford: Oxford University Press, Hispanic Notes and Monographs, Portuguese Series 1, 1921.■. The Play of Rubena. Jack E. Tomlins, trans.; Rene P. Garay and José I. Suarez, eds. New York: National Hispanic Foundation for Humanities, 1993.■. The Boat Plays. David Johnston, trans. and adaptation. London: Oberon, 1996.■. Three Discovery Plays. Anthony Lappin, trans. Warminster, U.K.: Aris & Phillips, 1997.■ Vieira, António. Dust Thou Art. Rev. W. Anderson, trans. London, 1882.■ Portuguese and Portuguese-American Cooking: Cuisine■ Anderson, Jean. Food of Portugal. New York: Hearst, 1994. Asselin, E. Donald. A Portuguese-American Cookbook. Rutland, Vt.: Charles E. Tuttle, 1966.■ Bourne, Ursula. Portuguese Cookery. Harmondsworth, U.K.: Penguin, 1973. Crato, Maria Helena Tavares. Cozinha Portuguesa I, II. Lisbon: Editorial Presença, 1978.■ Dienhart, Miriam, and Anne Emerson, ed. Cooking in Portugal. Cascais: American Women of Lisbon, 1978.■ Feibleman, Peter S. The Cooking of Spain and Portugal. New York: Time-Life Books; Foods of the World, 1969.■ Koehler, Margaret H. Recipes from the Portuguese of Provincetown. Riverside, Conn.: Chatham Press, 1973. Manjny, Maite. The Home Book of Portuguese Cookery. London: Faber & Faber, 1974.■ Marques, Susan Lowndes. Good Food from Spain and Portugal. London: Muller, 1956.■ Modesto, Maria de Lourdes. Cozinha Tradicional Portuguesa. Lisbon: Verbo, 1982.■ Ortiz, Elisabeth Lambert. The Food of Spain and Portugal. The Complete Iberian Cuisine. New York: Atheneum, 1989. Pinto, Elvira. La Bonne Cuisine Portugaise. Paris: Edicions Garanciere, 1985.■ Robertson, Carol. Portuguese Cooking: The Authentic and Robust Cuisine of Portugal. Berkeley Calif.: North Atlantic, 1993. Schmaeling, Tony. The Cooking of Spain and Portugal. Ware, U.K.: Omega, 1983.■ Vieira, Édite. The Taste of Portugal. London: Robinson, 1989.■ Von Treskow, Maria. Zü Gast in Portugal: Eine Kulnarische Reise in Garten Europas. Weingarten: Kunstverlag, 1989. Wright, Carol. Portuguese Food. London: Dent, 1969.■. Self-catering in Portugal: Making the Most of Local Food and Drink. London: Croom Helm, 1986.■ Afonso, Simonetta Luz, and Angela Delaforce. Palace of Queluz— The Gardens. Lisbon, 1989.■ Araújo, Iluídio Alves de. Arte Paisagista e Arte das Jardins em Portugal. Lisbon, 1962.■ Azeredo, Francisco de. Casas Senhoriais Portuguesas. Barcelos, 1986.■ Binney, Marcus. Country Manors of Portugal. New York: Scala Books, 1987.■ Bowe, Patrick, and Nicolas Sapieha. Gardens of Portugal. New York: Scala Books and Harper and Row, 1989.■ Cane, Florence du. The Flowers and Gardens of Madeira. London, 1924.■ Cardoso, Pedro Homem, and Helder Carita. Da Grandeza das Jardins em Portugal. Lisbon, 1987.■ Carita, Helder, and Homem Cardoso. Portuguese Gardens. London: Antique Collector's Club, 1987.■ Costa, António da, and Luís de O. Franquinho. Madeira: Plantas e Floras. Funchal, 1986.■ Nichols, Rose Standish. Spanish and Portuguese Gardens. Boston, 1926.■ Pereira, Arthur D. Sintra and Its Farm Manors. Sintra, 1983.■ Sampaio, Gonçalo. Flora Portuguesa. Lisbon, 1946.■ Sitwell, Sacheverell. Portugal and Madeira. London: Batsford, 1945.■ Underwood, John, and Pat Underwood. Landscapes of Madeira. London, 1980.■ Vieira, Rui. Flowers of Madeira. Funchal, 1973.■ Viterbo, Francisco Marques de Sousa. A Jardinagem em Portugal, 2 vols. Coimbra, 1906-9.■ Education, Science, Health, and Medical History■ Albuquerque, Luís de. Estudos de História, 3 vols. Coimbra, 1973-81.■. Ciência e experiência nos Descobrimentos portugueses. Lisbon, 1983.■. Para a História de Ciência em Portugal. Lisbon, 1983.■. As Navegaçoes E A Sua Projecção Na Ciência E Na Cultura. Lisbon, 1987.■ Baião, Antônio. Episódios Dramáticos da Inquisição Portuguesa, 3 vols. Lisbon, 1936-55.■ Cabreira, Antônio. Portugal nos mares e nas ciências. Lisbon, 1929. Carvalho, Rômulo de. A Astronomia em Portugal (séc. xviii). Lisbon, 1985. Fernandes, Barahona. Egas Moniz: Pioneiro de descobrimentos médicos. Lisbon, 1983.■ Gaitonde, P. D. Portuguese Pioneers in India: Spotlight on Medicine. London: Sangam Books, 1983.■ Hanson, Carl A. "Portuguese Cosmology in the Late Seventeenth Century." In Benjamin F. Taggie and Richard W. Clement, eds., Iberia & the Mediterranean, 75-85. Warrensburg: Central Missouri State University, 1989.■ Higgins, Michael H., and Charles F. S. de Winton. Survey of Education in Portugal. London, 1942.■ Hirsch, Elizabeth Feist. Damião de Góis: The Life and Thought of a Portuguese Humanist. The Hague, 1967.■ Lemos, Maximiano. Arquivos de História da Medicina Portuguesa. Several vols. Lisbon, 1886-1923. Vol. I. História da Medicina em Portugal. Doutrina e Instituições. Lisbon, 1899.■ Mira, Matias Ferreira de. História da Medicina Portuguesa. Lisbon, 1948.■ Orta, Garcia de. Colóquios dos Simples e Drogas e Cousas Medicinais da India. Conde de Ficalho, ed., 2 vols. Lisbon, 1891-95.■ Osório, J. Pereira. História e Desenvolvimento da Ciência em Portugal, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1986-89.■ Pina, Luís de. "Uma prioridade portuguesa do século XVI. João de Barros e a Dactiloscópia Oriental." Arquivo da Repartição de Antropologia Criminal IV (1936).■. "As Ciências na História do Império Colonial Português — Séculos XV a XIX." Anais de Faculdade de Ciências do Porto ( 1939-10).■. "Os Portugueses Mestres de Ciência e Metras no Estrangeiro." Actas do Congresso do Mundo Português. Lisbon, 1940.■. "A Ciência em Portugal (bosquejo Histórico)." In Secretariado Nacional da Informação, ed., Portugal: Breviário Da Pátria Para Os Portugueses Ausentes, 277-301. Lisbon, 1946.■ Richards, Robert A. C., ed. Guide to World Science: Vol. 9: Spain and Portugal, 2nd ed. Guernsey, U.K.: F. H. Books, 1974.■ Saraiva, António José. História da Cultura em Portugal, 3 vols. Lisbon, 1950-62.■ ———. "João de Barros." In Serrao, ed., Dicionário de História de Portugal 1 (1963): 307-8.■ Silvestre Ribeiro, José. História dos Establecimentos Scientíficos, Literários e Artísticos de Portugal nos Successivos Reinados da Monarchia, 3 vols. Lisbon, 1871-83.■ Veiga-Pires, J. A., and Ronald G. Grainger, eds. Pioneers in Angiography: The Portuguese School ofAngiography. Lancaster, U.K.: MTP Press, 1982.■ Walker, Timothy. "Doctors, Folk Medicine and the Inquisition: The Repression of Popular Healing in Portugal during the Enlightenment Era." Ph.D. dissertation, History Department, Boston University, 2001.■ Barbosa, Madelena. "Women in Portugal." Women's Studies International Quarterly 4 (1981): 477-80.■ Barreno, Maria Isabel, Maria Teresa Horta, and Maria Velho da Costa. Novas Cartas Portuguesas. Lisbon, 1972.■ ———. The Three Marias. New Portuguese Letters. Helen R. Lane, trans. New York: Doubleday, 1975.■ Brettell, Caroline B. We Have Already Cried Many Tears: The Stories of Three Portuguese Migrant Women. Cambridge, Mass.: Schenkman, 1982.■ Ferreira, Virginia. "Engendering Portugal: Social Change, State Politics, and Women's Social Mobilization." In António Costa Pinto, ed., Modern Portugal, 162-88. Palo Alto, Calif.: SPOSS, 1998.■ Goodwin, Mary. "Portuguese Feminism." Portuguese Studies Newsletter 17 (Spring-Summer 1987): 12-13.■ Lamas, Maria. As Mulheres do Meu País. Lisbon, 1948.■ "Mulheres Portuguesas e Feminismo." Análise Social [special number on Portuguese Women and Feminism] 22 (1986): 92-93.■ Osório, Ana de Castro. As Mulheres Portuguesas. Lisbon, 1905.■ Sadlier, Darlene J. The Question of How: Women Writers and New Portuguese Literature. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood; Contributions in Women's Studies, no. 109, 1989.■ Silva, Manuela. The Employment of Women in Portugal. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications, European Communities, 1984. Velho da Costa, Maria. Maina Mendes. Lisbon, 1974.■ Vicente, Ana, and Maria Reynolds de Souza. Family Planning in Portugal. Lisbon, 1984.■ Almeida, Fortunato de. História da Igreja em Portugal. 6 vols. Coimbra, 1910-24, and Oporto, 1967-72. Alonso, Joaquim Maria. The Secret of Fátima: Fact and Legend. Cambridge, Mass.: Ravengate Press, 1979. Alves, José da Felicidade, ed. Católicos e política de Humberto Delgado à Marcelo Caetano. Lisbon, 1969. Araújo, Miguel de, ed. Dicionario político; 1; Os Bispos e a revoluçao de Abril. Lisbon, 1976. Bishko, Charles Julian. Spanish and Portuguese Monastic History 600-1300. London, Variorum Reprints, 1984.■ Blanshard, Paul. Freedom and Catholic Power in Spain and Portugal. Boston: Beacon Press, 1962.■ Boxer, C. R. The Church Militant and Iberian Expansion 1440-1770. Baltimore, Md.: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1978. Bruneau, Thomas C. "Church and State in Portugal: Crises of Cross and Sword." Journal of Church and State XVIII (1976): 463-90. Freire, José Geraldes. Resistência Católico ao Salazarismo-Marcelismo. Oporto, 1976.■ Herculano, Alexandre. History of the Origin and Establishment of the Inquisition in Portugal. John C. Banner, trans. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1962.■ IPOPE. Estudo sobre liberdade e religião em Portugal. Lisbon, 1973. Johnston, Francis. Fátima: The Great Sign. Chulmleigh, U.K.: Augustine Publications, 1980.■ Kondor, Fr. Louis. Fátima in Lucia's Own Words: Sister Lucia's Memoirs. Fatima: Postulation Center, 1976. Lourenço, Joaquim Maria. Situação jurídica da Igreja em Portugal. Coimbra, 1943.■ Mattoso, José. Religião e Cultura na Idade Média Portuguesa. Lisbon, 1982. Miller, Samuel J. Portugal and Rome c. 1748-1830: An Aspect of Catholic Enlightenment. Rome: Universita Gregoriana Editrice, 1978. O'Malley, John W. The First Jesuits. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1993.■ Pattee, Richard. Portugal and the Portuguese World. Milwaukee, Wisc.: Bruce, 1957.■ Prestage, Edgar. Portugal: A Pioneer of Christianity. Lisbon, 1945.■ Richard, Robert. Etudes sur l'histoire morale et religieuse de Portugal. Paris: Centro Cultural de Gulbenkian, 1970.■ Robinson, Richard A. H. "The Religious Question and Catholic Revival in Portugal, 1900-1930." Journal of Contemporary History XII (1977): 345-62.■. Contemporary Portugal: A History. London: Allen & Unwin, 1979.■ Rodrigues, R. P. Francisco. História da Companhia de Jesus na Assistência de Portugal, 7 vols. Lisbon, 1931-50.■ Roth, Cecil. A History of the Marranos. Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society of America, 1932.■ Agriculture, Viticulture, and Fishing■ Abreu-Ferreira, Darlene. "The Portuguese in Newfoundland: Documentary Evidence Examined." Portuguese Studies Review 4, 1 (1995-96): 11-33.■ Allen, H. Warner. The Wines of Portugal. London: Michael Joseph, 1963.■ Barros, Afonso de. A reforma agrária em Portugal. Oeiras, 1979.■ Beamish, Huldine V. The Hills of Alentejo. London: Geoffrey Bles, 1958.■ Bennett, Norman R. "The Golden Age of the Port Wine System, 1781-1807." The International History Review XII (1990): 221-18.■ Black, Richard. "The Myth of Subsistence: Market Production in the Small Farm Sector of Northern Portugal." Iberian Studies 1, 8 (1989): 25-41.■ Bravo, Pedro, and Duarte de Oliveira. Viticulture Moderna. Lisbon, 1974.■. Vinhas e Vinhos De Portugal. Lisbon, 1979.■ Cabral, Manuel V. "Agrarian Structures and Recent Movements in Portugal." Journal of Peasant Studies 4, 5 (July 1978): 411-45.■ Cardoso, José Carvalho. A Agricultura Portuguesa. Lisbon, 1973.■ Carvalho, Bento de. Guía Dos Vinhos Portugueses. Lisbon, 1982.■ Clarke, Robert. Open Boat Whaling in the Azores: The History and Present Methods of a Relic Industry. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1954.■ Cockburn, Ernest. Port Wine and Oporto. London: Wine & Spirit, 1949. Cole, S. C. "Cod, Cod Country and Family: The Portuguese Newfoundland Fishery." Mast 3, 1 (1990): 1-29.■ Coull, James. The Fisheries of Europe. London: G. Bell & Sons, 1972.■ Croft-Cooke, Rupert. Port. London: Putnam, 1957.■. Madeira. London: Putnam, 1961.■ Delaforce, John. The Factory House at Oporto. London: Christie's Wine Publications, 1979 and later eds.■ Doel, Patricia A. Port O'Call: Memories of the Portuguese White Fleet in St. John's Newfoundland. St. John's, Newfoundland: ISER, 1992.■ Fletcher, Wyndham. Port: An Introduction to Its History and Delights. London: Bernet, 1978.■ Francis, A. D. The Wine Trade. London: Adam and Charles Black, 1972.■ Freitas, Eduardo, João Ferreira de Almeida, and Manuel Villaverde Cabral. Modalidades de penetração do capitalismo na agricultura: estruturas agrárias em Portugal Continental, 1950-1970. Lisbon, 1976.■ Gonçalves, Francisco Esteves. Portugal: A Wine Country. Lisbon, 1984.■ Gulbenkian Foundation. Agrarian Reform. Lisbon, 1981.■ Kurlansky, Mark. Cod: A Biography of the Fish That Changed the World. New York: Walker, 1997.■ Malefakis, Edward. "Two Iberian Land Reforms Compared: Spain, 1931-1936 and Portugal, 1974—1978." In Gulbenkian Foundation, Agrarian Reform. Lisbon, 1981.■ Moutinho, M. História da pesca do bacalhau. Lisbon: Imprensa Universitária, 1985.■ Oliveira Marques, A. H. de. lntrodução a história da agricultura em Portugal.■ Lisbon, 1968. Pato, Octávio. O Vinho. Lisbon, 1971.■ Pearson, Scott R. Portuguese Agriculture in Transition. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1987.■ Postgate, Raymond. Portuguese Wine. London: Dent, 1969.■ Read, Jan. The Wines of Portugal. London: Faber & Faber, 1982.■ Robertson, George. Port. London: Faber & Faber, 1982 ed.■ Rutledge, Ian. "Land Reform and the Portuguese Revolution." Journal of Peasant Studies 5, 1 (Oct. 1977): 79-97.■ Sanceau, Elaine. The British Factory at Oporto. Oporto, 1970.■ Simon, Andre L. Port. London: Constable, 1934.■ Simões, J. Os grandes trabalhadores do Mar: Reportagens na Terra Nova e na Groenlândia. Lisbon: Gazeta dos Caminho de Ferro, 1942.■ Smith, Diana. Portugal and the Challenge of 1992: Special Report. New York: Camões Center/RIIC, Columbia University, 1990.■ Stanislawski, Dan. Landscapes of Bacchus: The Vine in Portugal. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1970.■ Teixeira, Carlos, and Victor M. Pereira da Rosa, eds. The Portuguese in Canada: From the Seat to the City. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2000.■ Unwin, Tim. "Farmers' Perceptions of Agrarian Change in Northwest Portugal." Journal of Rural Studies 1, 4 (1985): 339-57.■ Valadão do Valle, E. Bacalhau: tradições históricas e económicos. Lisbon, 1991.■ Venables, Bernard. Baleia! The Whalers of Azores. London: Bodley Head, 1968.■ Villiers, Alan. The Quest of the Schooner Argus: A Voyage to the Banks and Greenland. New York: Scribners, 1951. World Bank. Portugal: Agricultural Survey. Washington, D.C.: World Bank, 1978.■ ECONOMY, INDUSTRY, AND DEVELOPMENT■ Aiyer, Srivain, and Shahid A. Chandry. Portugal and the E.E.C.: Employment and Implications. Lisbon, 1979.■ Baklanoff, Eric N. The Economic Transformation of Spain and Portugal. New York: Praeger, 1978.■. "Changing Systems: The Portuguese Revolution and the Public Enterprise Sector." ACES ( Association of Comparative Economic Studies) Bulletin 26 (Summer-Fall 1984): 63-76.■. "Portugal's Political Economy: Old and New." In K. Maxwell and M. Haltzel, eds., Portugal: Ancient Country, Young Democracy, 37-59. Washington, D.C.: Wilson Center Press, 1990.■ Barbosa, Manuel P. Growth, Migration and the Balance of Payments in a Small, Open Economy. New York: Garland, 1984.■ Braga de Macedo, Jorge, and Simon Serfaty, eds. Portugal since the Revolution: Economic and Political Perspectives. Boulder, Colo.: Westview, 1981.■ Carvalho, Camilo, et al. Sabotagem Econômica: " Dossier" Banco Espírito Santo e Comercial de Lisboa. Lisbon, 1975.■ Corkill, David. The Development of the Portuguese Economy: A Case of Euro-peanization. London: Routledge, 1999.■ Cravinho, João. "The Portuguese Economy: Constraints and Opportunities." In K. Maxwell, ed., Portugal in the 1980s, 111-65. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1986.■ Dornsbusch, Rudiger, Richard S. Eckhaus, and Lane Taylor. "Analysis and Projection of Macroeconomic Conditions in Portugal." In L. S. Graham and H. M. Makler, eds., Contemporary Portugal, 299-330. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1979.■ The Economist (London). "On the Edge of Europe: A Survey of Portugal." (June 30, 1981): 3-27.■. "Coming Home: A Survey of Portugal." (May 28, 1988).■. 'The New Iberia: Not Quite Kissing Cousins" [Spain and Portugal]. (May 5, 1990): 21-24.■ Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian and German Marshall Fund of the U.S., eds. II Conferência Internacional sobre e Economia Portuguesa, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1979.■ Hudson, Mark. Portugal to 1993: Investing in a European Future. London: The Economist Intelligence Unit/Special Report No. 11 57/EIU Economic Prospects Series, 1989.■ International Labour Office (ILO). Employment and Basic Needs in Portugal. Geneva: ILO, 1979.■ Kavalsky, Basil, and Surendra Agarwal. Portugal: Current and Prospective Economic Trends. Washington, D.C.: World Bank, 1978.■ Krugman, Paul, and Jorge Braga de Macedo. "The Economic Consequences of the April 25th Revolution." Economia III (1979): 455-83.■ Lewis, John R., and Alan M. Williams. "The Sines Project: Portugal's Growth Centre or White Elephant?" Town Planning Review 56, 3 (1985): 339-66.■ Makler, Harry M. "The Consequences of the Survival and Revival of the Industrial Bourgeoisie." In L. S. Graham and D. L. Wheeler, eds., In Search of Modern Portugal, 251-83. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1983.■ Marques, A. La Politique Economique Portugaise dans la Période de la Dictature ( 1926-1974). Doctoral thesis, 3rd cycle, University of Grenoble, France, 1980.■ Martins, B. Sociedades e grupos em Portugal. Lisbon, 1973.■ Mata, Eugenia, and Nuno Valério. História Econômica De Portugal: Uma Perspectiva Global. Lisbon: Edit. Presença, 1994. Murteira, Mário. "The Present Economic Situation: Its Origins and Prospects." In L. S. Graham and H. M. Makler, eds., Contemporary Portugal, 331-42. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1979. OCED. Economic Survey: Portugal: 1988. Paris: OCED, 1988 [see also this series since 1978].■ Pasquier, Albert. L'Economie du Portugal: Données et Problémes de Son Expansion. Paris: Librarie Generale de Droit, 1961. Pereira da Moura, Francisco. Para onde vai e economia portuguesa? Lisbon, 1973.■ Pintado, V. Xavier. Structure and Growth of the Portuguese Economy. Geneva: EFTA, 1964.■ Pitta e Cunha, Paulo. "Portugal and the European Economic Community." In L. S. Graham and D. L. Wheeler, eds., In Search of Modern Portugal, 321-38. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1983.■. "The Portuguese Economic System and Accession to the European Community." In E. Sousa Ferreira and W. C. Opello, Jr., eds., Conflict and Change in Portugal, 1974-1984, 281-300. Lisbon, 1985. Porto, Manuel. "Portugal: Twenty Years of Change." In Alan Williams, ed., Southern Europe Transformed, 84-112. London: Harper & Row, 1984. Quarterly Economic Review. London: The Economist Intelligence Unit, 1974-present.■ Salgado de Matos, Luís. Investimentos Estrangeiros em Portugal. Lisbon, 1973 and later eds.■ Schmitt, Hans O. Economic Stabilisation and Growth in Portugal. Washington, D.C.: International Monetary Fund, 1981.■ Smith, Diana. Portugal and the Challenge of 1992. New York: Camões Center, RIIC, Columbia University, 1989.■ Tillotson, John. The Portuguese Bank Note Case [ 1920s]: Legal, Economic and Financial Approaches to the Measure of Damages in Contract. Manchester, U.K.: Faculty of Law, University of Manchester, 1992.■ Tovias, Alfred. Foreign Economic Relations of the Economic Community: The Impact of Spain and Portugal. Boulder, Colo.: Rienner, 1990.■ Valério, Nuno. A moeda em Portugal, 1913-1947. Lisbon: Sá da Costa, 1984.■. As Finanças Públicas Portuguesas Entre As Duas Guerras Mundiais. Lisbon: Cosmos, 1994.■ World Bank. Portugal: Current and Prospective Economic Trends. Washington, D.C.: World Bank, 1978 and to the present.■ PHOTOGRAPHY ON PORTUGAL■ Alves, Afonso Manuel, Antônio Sacchetti, and Moura Machado. Lisboa. Lisbon, 1991.■ Antunes, José. Lisboa do nosso olhar; A look on Lisbon. Lisbon: Câmara Municipal de Lisboa, 1991. Beaton, Cecil. Near East. London: Batsford, 1943.■. Lisboa 1942: Cecil Beaton, Lisbon 1942. Lisbon: British Historical Society of Portugal/Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian, 1995.■ Bottineau, Yves. Portugal. London: Thames & Hudson, 1957.■ Câmara Municipal de Lisboa. 7 Olhares ( Seven Viewpoints). Lisbon: Câmara Municipal de Lisboa, 1998.■ Capital, A. Lisboa: Imagens d'A Capital. Lisbon: Edit. Notícias, 1984.■ Dias, Marina Tavares. Photographias de Lisboa, 1900 ( Photographs of Lisbon, 1900). Lisbon: Quimera, 1991.■. Os melhores postais antigos de Lisboa ( The best old postcards of Lisbon). Lisbon: Químera, 1995.■ Finlayson, Graham, and Frank Tuohy. Portugal. London: Thames & Hudson, 1970.■ Glassner, Helga. Portugal. Berlin-Zurich: Atlantis-Verlag, 1942. Hopkinson, Amanda, ed. Reflections by Ten Portuguese photographers. Bark-way, U.K.: Frontline/Portugal 600, 1996.■ Lima, Luís Leiria, and Isabel Salema. Lisboa de Pedra e Bronze. Lisbon, 1990.■ Martins, Miguel Gomes. Lisboa ribeirinha ( Riverside Lisbon). Lisbon: Arquivo Municipal, Câmara Municipal de Lisboa, Livros Horizonte, 1994. Vieira, Alice. Esta Lisboa ( This Lisbon). Lisbon: Caminho, 1994. Wohl, Hellmut, and Alice Wohl. Portugal. London: Frederick Muller, 1983.■ EQUESTRIANISM■ Andrade, Manoel Carlos de, Luz da Liberal e Nobre Arte da Cavallaria. Lisbon, 1790.■ Graciosa, Filipe. Escola Portuguesa de Arte Equestre. Lisbon, 2004.■ Horsetalk Magazine. Published in New Zealand.■ Oliveira, Nuno. Reflections on the Equestrian Art. London, 2000.■ Russell, Eleanor, ed. The Truth in the Teaching of Nuno Oliveira. Stanhope,■ Queensland, Australia, 2003. Vilaca, Luis V., and Pedro Yglesias d'Oliveira, eds. LUSITANO. Coudelarias De Portugal. O Cavalo ancestral do Sudoeste da Europa. Lisbon: ICONOM, 2005.■ Websites of interest: www.equestrian.pt portugalweb.comHistorical dictionary of Portugal > CULTURE, LITERATURE, AND LANGUAGE
-
8 give
I1. [gıv] n1. 1) податливость, уступчивость2) смягчение2. упругость, эластичность; пружинистостьthere was too much give in the rope and it slipped off the box - верёвка легко растягивалась, и поэтому она соскочила с коробки
there is not much give in this cloth - этот материал /эта ткань/ почти совсем не тянется
3. тех. зазор, игра4. спец. упругая деформация2. [gıv] v (gave; given)I1. даватьto give smb. a pencil [a cup of tea] - дать кому-л. карандаш [чашку чаю]
give me a day to think the problem over - дайте мне день, чтобы продумать этот вопрос /подумать над этим вопросом/
to give smb. to eat [to drink] - дать кому-л. поесть [попить]; накормить [напоить] кого-л.
can you give me a bed for the night? - не могли бы вы устроить меня переночевать?
give us liberty or give us death! - возвыш. свободу или смерть!
2. 1) дарить, одариватьto give smb. a present - сделать кому-л. подарок
to give smb. a bunch of flowers - преподнести кому-л. букет цветов
to give smth. as a keepsake - подарить что-л. на память
I don't know what to give her for her birthday - я не знаю, что подарить ей в день рождения
he gave all his books to the college - он передал все свои книги /свою библиотеку/ колледжу
2) давать, даровать, жаловатьto give a grant - а) (по)жаловать какую-л. сумму; б) дать стипендию или пособие
the new law gives women equal pay with men - по новому закону оплата труда женщин приравнивается к оплате труда мужчин
it was not given to him to achieve happiness - ему было не дано добиться счастья
3) жертвоватьhe gave generously to charities - он щедро жертвовал на благотворительные цели
4) завещать, отказатьto give smb. smth. in one's will - завещать что-л. кому-л.
3. 1) предоставлять, отдаватьto give smb. the place of honour - предоставить кому-л. почётное место; усадить кого-л. на почётное место
2) поручать, давать поручениеto give the command of a regiment to a major - поручить майору командование полком
to give a porter one's bag to carry - попросить носильщика отнести чемодан
I gave him a letter to mail - я велел ему отправить /опустить/ письмо
4. передавать, вручатьto give the note - отдать /передать/ записку
5. платить, отдаватьhow much /what/ did you give for the thing? - сколько вы заплатили /отдали/ за эту вещь?
I gave it to him for nothing - я отдал это ему бесплатно /даром/
to give a fair day's wage for a fair day's work - хорошо заплатить за честно отработанный день
6. придаватьto give smb. assurance /confidence/ - придавать кому-л. уверенность
to give smb. strength - придавать кому-л. силу
to give smth. form - придавать чему-л. форму
to give smth. brilliance - придавать чему-л. блеск
its deep seclusion gives it a peculiar charm - полное уединение придаёт этому месту (дому и т. п.) особое очарование
to give spring to the take-off - спорт. сообщить толчку прыгучесть; усилить толчок
7. давать, быть источником, производитьthis farm gives good crops - эта ферма /это хозяйство/ даёт хорошие урожаи
the lamp gave an uncertain light - лампа давала тусклый свет /тускло светила/
that book has given me several ideas - эта книга заставила меня кое о чём подумать /пробудила во мне кое-какие мысли/
8. сообщатьto give details - рассказывать /передавать/ подробности
this newspaper gives a full story of the game - эта газета напечатала полный отчёт о матче
to give an account of smth. - отчитаться в чём-л.
this dictionary gives many new words - в этом словаре (содержится) много новых слов
to give to the public /to the world/ - опубликовать, обнародовать
9. описывать, изображатьto give a portrait /a character/ - дать /нарисовать/ образ
he gives the scenery of the country with much fidelity - он описывает пейзаж страны очень точно
the text is enhanced by a number of plates, all of which are given detailed descriptions - интерес к тексту возрастает благодаря репродукциям, которые сопровождаются подробными описаниями
10. (to) подставлять; протягиватьshe gave her face to the bright sunrays - она подставила лицо ярким лучам солнца
he gave his hand to the visitor - он протянул руку посетителю [ср. тж. ♢ ]
11. 1) отступить, отпрянуть2) уступать, соглашатьсяto give smb. the point - согласиться с кем-л. /уступить кому-л./ в данном вопросе
I'll give you that! - а) ладно! в этом я с вами согласен!; б) это я за вами признаю!
12. 1) подаваться, ослабеватьshe stopped, her knees giving - она остановилась, колени её подкосились
2) быть эластичным, сгибаться, гнутьсяthe rod gave but did not break - стержень согнулся, но не сломался
the passengers gave to the motion of the ship - пассажиры приспособились к качке
3) оседать, подаватьсяthe floor of the summer-house gave and some of its boards broke - пол в беседке осел, и половицы кое-где проломились
4) портиться, изнашиваться5) спец. коробиться, перекашиватьсяII А1. 1) давать ( имя)to give a child a name - называть ребёнка, давать ребёнку имя
what name will you give him? - как вы его назовёте?
the river gives its name to the province - своё название провинция получила от реки
2) присваивать (звание, титул)to give punishment - наказывать; налагать взыскание
to give smb. six months' hard labour - приговорить кого-л. к шести месяцам каторжных работ
the doctors gave him two years (to live) - врачи считали, что ему осталось жить два года
2) отдавать, воздавать ( должное)to give smb. his due - отдавать кому-л. должное, воздавать кому-л. по заслугам
he was given a standing ovation at the end - в конце все встали и устроили ему овацию
3) давать (о возрасте, о времени)I can give him 15 - я могу дать ему пятнадцать (лет), он выглядит на пятнадцать
how long do you give that marriage? - сколько, по-вашему, продлится этот брак?
3. 1) отдавать, посвящать (время, жизнь)to give one's mind wholly to scientific research - полностью посвятить себя научным изысканиям
he gave all his free time to golf - всё своё свободное время он посвящал игре в гольф /тратил на гольф, проводил за игрой в гольф/
2) уделять ( внимание)to give one's attention to smth., smb. - уделять внимание чему-л., кому-л.
she seemed to give most of her attention to the occupants of the adjoining box - казалось, (что) всё её внимание направлено на сидящих в соседней ложе
3) предоставлять ( выбор)4. 1) устраивать (обед, вечер)he gave a very good party - он устроил у себя хорошую /весёлую/ вечеринку
2) дать (концерт, спектакль); исполнять ( перед аудиторией)to give a concert [a performance] - дать концерт [спектакль]
who will give us a song? - кто споёт нам?
to give a lesson [a lecture] - дать урок [прочитать лекцию] [ср. тж. ♢ ]
to give instruction in Latin - преподавать латынь [ср. тж. 6]
6. отдавать (распоряжение и т. п.)to give orders - отдавать приказы, распоряжаться
to give instructions - давать указания [ср. тж. 5]
7. 1) причинять (беспокойство, неприятность)to give sorrow - печалить, огорчать
I'm afraid he gave you a lot of trouble - боюсь, что он доставил вам массу хлопот
it gave us much pain to listen to his words - больно было слушать его слова
2) наносить (обиду, оскорбление)to give offence - нанести обиду; оскорбить
3) доставлять ( удовольствие); давать ( удовлетворение)to give smb. a treat - а) угостить кого-л.; б) доставить удовольствие кому-л.
8. 1) показывать, давать показания ( о приборах)the thermometer gives 25u00B0 in the shade - термометр показывает 25u00B0 в тени
2) давать какие-л. результаты (об исследовании и т. п.)seventy-five divided by five gives fifteen - семьдесят пять, делённое на пять, - пятнадцать
3) подавать ( пример)9. уступать (место, позиции)to give place to - а) уступать место; spring gave place to summer - на смену весне пришло лето; б) уступать первенство
10. 1) провозглашать ( тост)I give you the King! - (я поднимаю свой бокал) за здоровье короля!
I give you joy - возвыш. желаю вам счастья
2) передавать ( в устной форме)to give regards /love/ to smb. - передавать привет кому-л.
11. соединять ( с абонентом)he asked central to give him the long distance operator - он попросил станцию соединить его с телефонисткой междугородной линии
give me Newtown 231 - соедините меня с номером двести тридцать один в Ньютауне, дайте мне Ньютаун двести тридцать один
12. выходить (об окне, коридоре, доме и т. п.)13. высказывать ( свои соображения); аргументировать14. приписывать ( авторство)a sound argument for giving the painting to Rembrandt - убедительное доказательство того, что картина принадлежит Рембрандту
15. заражать, передавать ( болезнь)one child can give measles to a whole class - один ребёнок может заразить корью весь класс
16. передавать, вручатьto give smb. into custody [into the hands /in charge/ of the police] - отдавать кого-л. под стражу [передавать кого-л. в руки /под надзор/ полиции]
to give smth. in charge - отдать что-л. на сохранение
to give smth. into smb.'s hands - передать что-л. в чьи-л. руки
17. выдавать, отдавать замуж (уст. тж. give in marriage)II Бto be given to smth.
предаваться чему-л.; отдаваться, посвящать себя чему-л.music was her only consolation and she was given to it wholly - музыка была её единственным утешением, и она целиком отдавалась ей
to be given to luxury - любить роскошь; окружить себя роскошью
III А1) начало действия:to give rise to smth. - а) давать начало чему-л.; б) вызывать что-л., приводить к каким-л. результатам; в) давать повод к чему-л.
to give birth - а) родить, породить; б) дать начало
to give currency to smth. - пускать что-л. в обращение
2) действие, соответствующее значению существительного:to give an answer /a reply/ - отвечать
to give smb. effectual help - оказать кому-л. существенную помощь
to give an oath - клясться, давать присягу
to give notice - а) уведомлять; предупреждать; б) предупреждать о предстоящем увольнении
to give thought to smth. - задуматься над чем-л.
to give battle /fight/ - книжн. дать сражение /бой/
to give a rebuff - книжн. давать отпор
to give smb. a good scolding - дать кому-л. нагоняй
to give smb. a thrashing /a dusting, a flopping, a flogging, a licking/ - избить /поколотить/ кого-л.
3) единичный акт или кратковременное действие, соответствующее значению существительного:to give a cry /a shout/ - вскрикнуть
to give a look /a glance/ - взглянуть
to give a push [a pull] - толкнуть [потянуть]
to give smb.'s hand a squeeze - пожать кому-л. руку
to give a miss - а) промахнуться ( в бильярде); б) избежать
♢
to give one's hand - жениться; выйти замуж [ср. тж. I 10]
to give smb. a leg up - а) подсадить кого-л., помочь кому-л. взобраться; б) помочь кому-л. преодолеть трудности /препятствия/
to give lip service - поддерживать, одобрять и т. п. на словах
to give smb. good words - напутствовать кого-л. добрым словом
to give smb. to understand - дать кому-л. понять
to give points to - а) спорт. давать несколько очков вперёд; б) заткнуть за пояс; в) подсказать, намекнуть
to give the case for [against] smth. - высказаться за что-л. [против чего-л.]
to give fits - ругать; задать головомойку [см. тж. fit2 ♢ ]
to give a lesson /a lecture/ to smb. - прочесть кому-л. нотацию; отчитать кого-л. [ср. тж. II А 5]
to give it smb. hot /strong/ - задать кому-л. жару, взгреть кого-л.
to give smb. hell - а) взгреть кого-л., задать перцу /жару/ кому-л., ругать кого-л. на чём свет стоит; б) наступать; атаковать
to give smb. a piece of one's mind - высказаться напрямик; отчитать кого-л.
to give smb. what for - всыпать кому-л. по первое число, задать кому-л. перцу
to give ground - а) отступать; б) уступать; ослаблять ( усилие); в) обосновывать; давать основание
to give tongue - а) подавать голос (о гончих, напавших на след); б) говорить громко, орать; высказываться
to give a year or so either way - с возможным отклонением в год в ту или другую сторону
to give a horse his head - опустить поводья, дать лошади самой выбирать дорогу
to give line /head, rein/ - предоставлять свободу действий; не вмешиваться
to give smb. a blank cheque - предоставить кому-л. свободу действий, дать кому-л. карт-бланш
to give a good account of oneself - а) хорошо себя зарекомендовать; б) добиться хороших результатов
to give smb. the mitten /the push/ - отказать жениху; оставить кого-л. с носом
to give smb. the creeps /the jim-jams/ - нагнать страху на кого-л.; привести кого-л. в содрогание
to give smb. rope - предоставить кому-л. свободу действий (для того, чтобы погубить и т. п.)
to give (smb.) as good as one gets - платить (кому-л.) той же монетой, не оставаться (у кого-л.) в долгу
what gives? - что нового?; что происходит?
give or take - приблизительно, примерно; ≅ плюс-минус
he will be here at nine give or take five minutes - он будет здесь в девять (часов) плюс-минус пять минут
in this way I earn a hundred, give or take a tenner - таким путём я зарабатываю сотню плюс-минус десятку
II [gıv] уст. = gyve Igive me Mozart [Rembrandt, etc] every time! - по-моему, никто не может сравниться с Моцартом [с Рембрандтом и т. д.]
-
9 С-389
БРАТЬ/ВЗЯТЬ НА СЕБЙ СМЕЛОСТЬ VP subj: human foil. by the infin (more often pfv) of another verb fixed WOto dare (to say or do sth.): X берёт на себя смелость (сделать Y) - X takes the liberty of doing YX is (makes) so bold as to do Y X makes bold to do Y X presumes to do Y.«Р S.Я взял на себя смелость... отправить к вам несколько проб». Образчики эти были в полубутылках, на которых он собственноручно надписывал не только имя вина, но и разные обстоятельства из его биографии... (Герцен 3). "RS.-I have taken the liberty of despatching to you...a few samples." These samples were in half-bottles on which he had inscribed with his own hand not only the name of the wine but various circumstances from its biography... (3a).Небритый брал на себя смелость сомневаться в белом цвете белых (шахматных фигур) (Ерофеев 2). The unshaven one used to be so bold as to doubt the whiteness of the white (chess) pieces (2a).Все три стихотворения абсолютны по форме и поэтической выраженности. Именно поэтому он берет на себя смелость, не вдаваясь в обсуждение развития поэтических форм, сравнить их по содержанию... (Битов 2). All three poems are perfect in form and poetic expression. Precisely for this reason, without getting into a discussion of the development of their poetic forms, he has made bold to contrast them in content... (2a). -
10 брать на себя смелость
• БРАТЬ/ВЗЯТЬ НА СЕБЯ СМЕЛОСТЬ[VP; subj: human; foll. by the infin (more often pfv) of another verb; fixed WO]=====⇒ to dare (to say or do sth.):- X presumes to do Y.♦ "Р S. Я взял на себя смелость... отправить к вам несколько проб". Образчики эти были в полубутылках, на которых он собственноручно надписывал не только имя вина, но и разные обстоятельства из его биографии... (Герцен 3). "PS.-I have taken the liberty of despatching to you...a few samples." These samples were in half-bottles on which he had inscribed with his own hand not only the name of the wine but various circumstances from its biography... (3a).♦ Небритый брал на себя смелость сомневаться в белом цвете белых [шахматных фигур] (Ерофеев 2). The unshaven one used to be so bold as to doubt the whiteness of the white [chess] pieces (2a).♦ Все три стихотворения абсолютны по форме и поэтической выраженности. Именно поэтому он берет на себя смелость, не вдаваясь в обсуждение развития поэтических форм, сравнить их по содержанию... (Битов 2). All three poems are perfect in form and poetic expression. Precisely for this reason, without getting into a discussion of the development of their poetic forms, he has made bold to contrast them in content... (2a).Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > брать на себя смелость
-
11 взять на себя смелость
• БРАТЬ/ВЗЯТЬ НА СЕБЯ СМЕЛОСТЬ[VP; subj: human; foll. by the infin (more often pfv) of another verb; fixed WO]=====⇒ to dare (to say or do sth.):- X presumes to do Y.♦ "Р S. Я взял на себя смелость... отправить к вам несколько проб". Образчики эти были в полубутылках, на которых он собственноручно надписывал не только имя вина, но и разные обстоятельства из его биографии... (Герцен 3). "PS.-I have taken the liberty of despatching to you...a few samples." These samples were in half-bottles on which he had inscribed with his own hand not only the name of the wine but various circumstances from its biography... (3a).♦ Небритый брал на себя смелость сомневаться в белом цвете белых [шахматных фигур] (Ерофеев 2). The unshaven one used to be so bold as to doubt the whiteness of the white [chess] pieces (2a).♦ Все три стихотворения абсолютны по форме и поэтической выраженности. Именно поэтому он берет на себя смелость, не вдаваясь в обсуждение развития поэтических форм, сравнить их по содержанию... (Битов 2). All three poems are perfect in form and poetic expression. Precisely for this reason, without getting into a discussion of the development of their poetic forms, he has made bold to contrast them in content... (2a).Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > взять на себя смелость
-
12 right
1) право ( суб'єктивне); праводомагання; справедлива вимога; привілей; права сторона2) правильний; належний; правомірний, справедливий; правий ( у політичному сенсі); реакційний3) відновлювати ( справедливість); виправляти(ся)4) направо•right a wrong done to the person — виправляти шкоду, заподіяну особі
right not to answer any questions that might produce evidence against an accused — право не давати відповідей (не відповідати) на будь-які запитання, що можуть бути використані як свідчення проти обвинуваченого
right not to fulfill one's own obligations — право не виконувати свої зобов'язання ( у зв'язку з невиконанням своїх зобов'язань іншою стороною)
right of a state to request the recall of a foreign envoy as persona non grata — право держави вимагати відкликання іноземного представника як персони нон грата
right of citizens to use their native language in court — право громадян виступати в суді рідною мовою
right of every state to dispose of its wealth and its national resources — право кожної держави розпоряджатися своїми багатствами і природними ресурсами
right of everyone to the opportunity to gain his living by work — право кожної людини на отримання можливості заробляти собі на прожиття власною працею
right of legislative initiative — право законодавчої ініціативи, право законодавства
right of nations to free and independent development — право народів на вільний і незалежний розвиток
right of nations to self-determination up to and including separation as a state — право націй на самовизначення аж до державного відокремлення
right of nations to sovereignty over their natural resources — право націй на суверенітет над своїми природними ресурсами
right of parents to choose their children's education — право батьків на вибір виду освіти для своїх неповнолітніх дітей
right of reception and mission of diplomatic envoys — право приймати і призначати дипломатичних представників
right of representation and performance — право на публічне виконання (п'єси, музичного твору)
right of the accused to have adequate time, facilities and assistance for his defence — = right of the accused to have adequate time, facilities and assistance for his defense право обвинуваченого мати достатньо часу, можливостей і допомоги для свого захисту
right of the accused to have adequate time, facilities and assistance for his defense — = right of the accused to have adequate time, facilities and assistance for his defence
right of the child to live before birth from the moment of conception — право дитини на життя до її народження з моменту зачаття
right of unhindered communication with the authorities of the appointing state — право безперешкодних зносин із властями своєї держави
right to a counsel from the time that an accused is taken into custody — право на адвоката з часу арешту (зняття під варту) обвинуваченого
right to arrange meetings, processions and picketing — право на мітинги, демонстрації і пікетування
right to be confronted with witness — право очної ставки із свідком захисту, право конфронтації ( право обвинуваченого на очну ставку із свідком захисту)
right to be represented by counsel — право бути представленим адвокатом, право на представництво через адвоката
right to choose among a variety of products in a marketplace free from control by one or a few sellers — право вибирати продукцію на ринку, вільному від контролю одного чи кількох продавців
right to choose between speech and silence — право самому визначати, чи говорити, чи мовчати
right to compensation for the loss of earnings resulting from an injury at work — право на відшкодування за втрату заробітку ( або працездатності) внаслідок каліцтва на роботі, право отримати компенсацію за втрату джерела прибутку внаслідок виробничої травми
right to conduct confidential communications — право здійснювати конфіденційне спілкування, право конфіденційного спілкування ( адвоката з клієнтом тощо)
right to diplomatic relations with other countries — право на дипломатичні відносини з іншими країнами
right to do with one's body as one pleases — право робити з своїм тілом все, що завгодно
right to enjoy the benefits of scientific progress — право на користування досягненнями наукового прогресу
right to freedom from torture and other inhuman forms of treatment — право на свободу від тортур і інших форм негуманного поводження
right to gather and publish information or opinions without governmental control or fear of punishment — право збирати і публікувати інформацію або думки без втручання держави і страху бути покараним
right to lease or sell the airspace above the property — право здавати в оренду або продавати повітряний простір над своєю власністю
right to leave any country, including one's own, and to return to one's country — право залишати будь-яку країну, включаючи свою власну, і повертатися до своєї країни
right to material security in (case of) disability — право на матеріальне забезпечення у випадку втрати працездатності
right to material security in (case of) sickness — право на матеріальне забезпечення у випадку захворювання
right to possession, enjoyment and disposal — право на володіння, користування і розпорядження
right to safety from product-related hazards — право на безпеку від шкоди, яку може бути заподіяно товаром
right to terminate pregnancy through an abortion — право припиняти вагітність шляхом здійснення аборту
right to the protection of moral and material interests — право на захист моральних і матеріальних інтересів
right to use one's own language — право на свою власну мову; право спілкуватися своєю власною мовою
right to visit one's children regularly — право відвідувати регулярно дітей ( про одного з розлученого подружжя)
right of a person to control the distribution of information about himself — = right of a person to control the distribution of information about herself право особи контролювати поширення інформації про себе
right of a person to control the distribution of information about herself — = right of a person to control the distribution of information about himself
right of states to self-defence — = right of states to self-defense право держав на самооборону
right of states to self-defense — = right of states to self-defence
right of the accused to counsel — = right of the accused to legal advice право обвинуваченого на адвоката (захисника) ( або на захист)
right of the accused to legal advice — = right of the accused to counsel
right to collective self-defence — = right to collective self-defense право на колективну самооборону
right to collective self-defense — = right to collective self-defence
right to collective self-defence — = right to collective self-defense право на колективну самооборону
right to collective self-defense — = right to collective self-defence
right to consult with one's attorney — = right to consult with one's lawyer право отримувати юридичну допомогу від (свого) адвоката, право на консультацію з адвокатом
right to consult with one's lawyer — = right to consult with one's attorney
right to control the work of the administration — = right to control the work of the managerial staff право контролю (діяльності) адміністрації ( підприємства)
right to control the work of the managerial staff — = right to control the work of the administration
right to individual self-defence — = right to individual self-defense право на індивідуальну самооборону
right to individual self-defense — = right to individual self-defence
right to obtain documents essential for an adequate defence — = right to obtain documents essential for an adequate defense право отримувати документи, необхідні для належного захисту
right to obtain documents essential for an adequate defense — = right to obtain documents essential for an adequate defence
right to regulate news agencies — = right to regulate news organizations право регулювати діяльність інформаційних агентств
- right a wrong doneright to regulate news organizations — = right to regulate news agencies
- right at law
- Right-Centrist
- right extremism
- right extremist
- right-hand man
- right-holder
- right in action
- right in gross
- right in personam
- right in rem
- right not to belong to a union
- right of a trial by jury
- right of abode
- right of access
- right of access to courts
- right of access to court
- right of action
- right of angary
- right of appeal
- right of approach
- right of appropriation
- right of assembly
- right of asylum
- right of audience
- right of authorship
- right of birth
- right of blood
- right of chapel
- right of choice
- right of common
- right of concurrent user
- right of conscience
- right of contribution
- right of correction
- right of court
- right of denunciation
- right of detention
- right of dissent
- right of divorce
- right of eminent domain
- right of enjoyment
- right of entry
- right of equal protection
- right of establishment
- right of existence
- right of expatriation
- right of expectancy
- right of feud
- right of first refusal
- right of fishery
- right of free access
- right of hot pursuit
- right of individual petition
- right of innocent passage
- right of intercourse
- right of intervention
- right of joint use
- right of jurisdiction
- right of legal entity
- right of legation
- right of light
- right of membership
- right of military service
- right of mortgage
- right of navigation
- right of operative management
- right of ownership
- right of passage
- right of patent
- right of personal security
- right of petition
- right of place
- right of political asylum
- right of possession
- right of pre-emption
- right of primogeniture
- right of prior use
- right of priority
- right of privacy
- right of private property
- right of property
- right of protest
- right of publicity
- right of pursuit
- right of re-election
- right of recourse
- right of recovery
- right of redemption
- right of regress
- right of relief
- right of remuneration
- right of reply
- right of representation
- right of reprisal
- right of reproduction
- right of rescission
- right of retaliation
- right of retention
- right of sanctuary
- right of search
- right of secrecy
- right of self-determination
- right of self-preservation
- right of settlement
- right of silence
- right of suit
- right of taking game
- right of the individual
- right of the owner
- right of the people
- right of the state
- right of transit
- right of translation
- right of visit
- right of visit and search
- right of water
- right of way
- right of withdrawal
- right on name
- right oneself
- right the oppressed
- right to a building
- right to a counsel
- right to a dual citizenship
- right to a fair trial
- right to a flag
- right to a hearing
- right to a nationality
- right to a piece of land
- right to a reasonable bail
- right to a speedy trial
- right to a trial by jury
- right to act independently
- right to administer property
- right to adopt children
- right to aid of counsel
- right to air
- right to an abortion
- right to an effective remedy
- right to annul laws
- right to appeal
- right to appoint judges
- right to assemble peaceably
- right to assistance of counsel
- right to attend
- right to bail
- right to bargain collectively
- right to be confronted
- right to be heard
- right to be presumed innocent
- right to be represented
- right to bear arms
- right to bear fire-arms
- right to become president
- right to begin
- right to belong to a union
- right to burn national flag
- right to carry a firearm
- right to carry arms
- right to carry fire-arms
- right to challenge a candidate
- right to challenge a juror
- right to change allegiance
- right to choose
- right to choose one's religion
- right to coin money
- right to collective bargaining
- right to compensation
- right to consult an attorney
- right to counsel
- right to criticism
- right to cultural autonomy
- right to damages
- right to declare war
- right to designate one's hairs
- right to die
- right to divorce
- right to earn a living
- right to education
- right to elect and be elected
- right to emigrate
- right to end pregnancy
- right to enjoy one's benefits
- right to enter a country
- right to exact payment
- right to expel a trespasser
- right to express ones' views
- right to expropriate
- right to fish
- right to fly a maritime flag
- right to found a family
- right to frame a constitution
- right to free education
- right to free medical services
- right to freedom
- right to freedom from torture
- right to freedom of expression
- right to freedom of residence
- right to freedom of speech
- right to health
- right to hold a public office
- right to hold property
- right to housing
- right to human dignity
- right to immediate release
- right to impose taxes
- right to impose taxes
- right to independence
- right to inherit
- right to initiate legislation
- right to inspection
- right to interpret laws
- right to intervene
- right to introduce legislation
- right to join an association
- right to jury trial
- right to keep and bear arms
- right to keep arms
- right to possess firearms
- right to kill
- right to land
- right to lease
- right to legal equality
- right to legal representation
- right to legislate
- right to levy taxes
- right to liberty
- right to life
- right to make a decision
- right to make a will
- right to make treaties
- right to manage
- right to maternity leave
- right to medical care
- right to national autonomy
- right to neutrality
- right to nullify laws
- right to one's own culture
- right to oppose
- right to organize unions
- right to ownership of property
- right to personal security
- right to picket
- right to possess firearms
- right to practice law
- right to present witnesses
- right to privacy
- right to private property
- right to property
- right to protection
- right to public trial
- right to publish expression
- right to punish a child
- right to real estate
- right to recall
- right to recover
- right to redeem
- right to redress
- right to regulate trade
- right to remain silent
- right to remarry
- right to rest
- right to rest and leisure
- right to retain counsel
- right to return to work
- right to safety
- right to secede
- right to secede from the USSR
- right to secession
- right to security
- right to security of person
- right to seek elective office
- right to seek pardon
- right to seek refund
- right to self-determination
- right to self-expression
- right to self-government
- right to sell
- right to silence
- right to social insurance
- right to social security
- right to speak
- right to stop a prosecution
- right to strike
- right to sublet
- right to subpoena witness
- right to sue
- right to take water
- right to tariff reduction
- right to tax exemption
- right to terminate a contract
- right to terminate pregnancy
- right to the name
- right to the office
- right to the patent
- right to the voice
- right to think freely
- right to transfer property
- right to travel
- right to treasure trove
- right to trial by jury
- right to use
- right to use firearms
- right to use force
- right to use water
- right to veto
- right to will property
- right to work
- right of defence
- right of defense
- right to collect revenues
- right to collect taxes
- right to exist
- right to existence
- right to issue decrees
- right to issue edicts
- right to labor
- right to labour
- right to self-defence
- right to self-defense
- right to set penalties
- right to set punishment -
13 calibration day
liberty day — день, когда часть команды увольняется на берег
in the face of day — не скрываясь, открыто; среди бела дня
English-Russian dictionary on nuclear energy > calibration day
-
14 irradiation day
liberty day — день, когда часть команды увольняется на берег
in the face of day — не скрываясь, открыто; среди бела дня
English-Russian dictionary on nuclear energy > irradiation day
-
15 casa
f.1 house (edificio).ser de andar por casa to be simple o basic (sencillo)echar o tirar la casa por la ventana (figurative) to spare no expenseempezar la casa por el tejado to put the cart before the horsecasa Blanca White Housecasa de campo country housecasa particular private housecasa Rosada = Argentinian presidential palace (en Argentina)casa solariega ancestral home, family seatcasa unifamiliar = house (usually detached) on an estate2 home.en casa at home¿está tu hermano en casa? is your brother at home?buscar casa to look for somewhere to livecambiarse o mudarse de casa to move (house)ir a casa to go homepásate por mi casa come round to my place3 family (familia).casa real royal family4 company (establecimiento).¡invita la casa! it's on the house!especialidad/vino de la casa house specialty/winecasa de apuestas betting shopcasa de citas brothelcasa de comidas = cheap restaurant serving simple mealscasa discográfica record companycasa de empeño pawnshop¡esto es una casa de locos! (figurative) this place is a madhouse!casa de socorro first-aid post5 home (sport).jugar en casa to play at homejugar fuera de casa to play away (from home)el equipo de casa the home team6 business.7 CASA, Summit of the Americas Welcoming Committee.pres.indicat.3rd person singular (él/ella/ello) present indicative of spanish verb: casar.* * *1 (vivienda) house2 (piso) flat3 (edificio) building4 (hogar) home5 (familia) family6 (linaje) house7 (empresa) firm, company\buscar casa to go house-huntingcaerse la casa encima figurado not to be able to stand being in the housecomo Pedro por su casa figurado as if he (she, you, etc) owned the placeechar la casa por la ventana / tirar la casa por la ventana figurado to spare no expense, push the boat outempezar la casa por el tejado figurado to put the cart before the horsehacer la casa familiar to do the houseworkjugar en casa DEPORTE to play at homellevar la casa figurado to run the houseno parar en casa to never be at homeno salir de casa not to go outpasar por casa to come round, come overponer casa to set up houseser muy de casa figurado to be home-lovingcasa de citas eufemístico brothelcasa de comidas eating housecasa de empeños pawnshopcasa de huéspedes boarding housecasa de juego gambling housecasa de modas fashion housecasa de pisos block of flatscasa de socorro first aid postcasa matriz / casa principal COMERCIO head office, central officela casa de Tócame Roque familiar bedlam* * *noun f.1) house2) home3) household4) firm, company* * *SF ABR Esp= Construcciones Aeronáuticas, S.A.* * *1)a) ( vivienda) houseb) ( hogar) homea los 18 años se fue de casa or (AmL) de la casa — she left home at 18
no está nunca en casa or (AmL) en la casa — he's never (at) home
¿estarás en casa esta tarde? — will you be at home o in this afternoon?
¿por qué no pasas por casa or (AmL) por la casa? — why don't you drop in o by?
lo invito a cenar a su casa de usted — (Méx) please come over to dinner
vivo en Lomas 38, su casa de usted — (Méx) I live at number 38 Lomas, where you will always be most welcome
le ha puesto casa a su querida — he's set his mistress up in a house (o an apartment etc)
de or para andar por casa — < vestido> for wearing around the house; <definición/terminología> crude, rough
se me/se le vino la casa encima — the bottom fell out of my/her world
como Pedro por su casa — as if you/he/she owned the place (colloq)
como una casa — (fam)
una mentira como una casa — a whopping great lie (colloq), a whopper (colloq)
echar or tirar la casa por la ventana — to push the boat out
empezar la casa por el tejado — to put the cart before the horse
en la casa de la Guayaba (Méx fam) — miles away (colloq)
ser muy de su casa — ( hogareño) to be very homeloving; ( hacendoso) to be very houseproud
en casa del herrero, cuchillo de palo — the shoemaker's son always goes barefoot
2) (Com)a) ( empresa) company, firm (BrE)b) (bar, restaurante)especialidad de la casa — house specialty (AmE), speciality of the house (BrE)
3) ( dinastía) house4)a) (Dep)b) (Jueg) home•* * *= home, house, household, townhouse [town-house], home front.Ex. It is recommended for a variety of applications, amongst which are records of suppliers, staff, household possessions and so on, and is likely to find users in both the home and business worlds.Ex. Qualifiers function as an integral part of the index terms, so that terms of the form 'Moving ( House)', 'Mergers (Industrial)' are created and used.Ex. For the two-car family, living in the countryside can present few problems, but most households are not in such an advantageous position.Ex. In comparing the residential experiences of single-family dwelling inhabitants with those living in townhouses, duplexes, & apartments, only apartment dwellers seem to experience adverse effects.Ex. The ongoing threat of terrorist attacks on North American soil and assets abroad, have brought asymmetric warfare to the home front.----* alfabetización en casa = family literacy.* ama de casa = housewife [housewives, -pl.], homemaker, housekeeper.* amo de casa = homemaker.* artículos de la casa = household goods.* asuntos de la casa, los = home affairs.* banco en casa = home banking.* barrer para casa = look after + number one, feather + Posesivo/the + nest.* bata de casa = housedress.* cambiarse de casa = move + house.* casa adosada = terrace(d) house, terrace(d) home, townhouse [town-house], semidetached house, duplex, duplex house.* casa alquilada = house let.* casa ancestral = ancestral home.* Casa Blanca, la = White House, the.* casa comercial = house.* casa consistorial = civic hall.* casa de acogida = shelter home, foster home.* casa de beneficiencia = almshouse.* casa de campo = holiday home, country residence.* casa de empeño = pawnshop, hock shop [hockshop].* casa de huéspedes = guesthouse [guest house], bed and breakfast (B&B).* casa de ladrillos de adobe = mud-brick house.* casa de la moneda = mint.* casa de la playa = beach house.* casa del guarda = lodge.* casa de locos = lunatic asylum, madhouse, bedlam.* casa de los locos = asylum, mental asylum, madhouse.* casa del párroco = parsonage house, parsonage.* casa de madera = log house, wood house.* casa de maternidad = maternity home.* casa de muñecas = doll's house.* casa de oficios = vocational school.* casa de pisos = tenement, apartment block, apartment building, apartment complex.* casa de placer = house of pleasure, house of pleasure.* casa de putas = brothel, bawdy house [bawdyhouse].* casa de té = teahouse.* casa de tres plantas = three-storeyed house.* casa de troncos de madera = log house.* casa de vacaciones = vacation home.* casa de veraneo = holiday home.* casa editorial = publishing house.* casa frecuentada por los espíritus = haunted house.* casa móvil = mobile home.* casa pareada = duplex, duplex house.* casa parroquial = parsonage house, parsonage.* casa particular = private home.* casa piloto = show home, show house.* casa prefabricada = manufactured home, prefabricated house.* casa proveedora = components supplier.* casa remolque = mobile home.* casa rural = farmhouse.* casa rústica = cottage.* casa señorial = manor house, stately home.* casa social = community house.* casa solariega = ancestral home, country house, stately home, manor house.* cine en casa = home theatre, home cinema.* cocinero de casa = home cook.* comer en casa = eat in.* como en casa = like home (away) from home.* como en casa no se está en ningún sitio = there's no place like home.* compra desde casa = armchair shopping.* confinado a la casa = housebound [house-bound].* construcción de casas = building construction.* dueño de la casa = householder.* el enemigo en casa = the enemy within.* empezar la casa por el tejado = tail wagging the dog.* en casa = in the home.* en casa de herrero cuchillo de palo = the cobbler's children run barefoot.* encontrar casa = find + a home.* encontrarse en casa = be in.* enseñanza escolar en casa = homeschooling [home schooling].* equipo de casa = home team.* equipo de casa, el = home side, the.* escolarización en casa = homeschool, homeschooling [home schooling].* escolarizar en casa = homeschool.* especialidad de la casa, la = house specialty, the.* estar en casa = be in.* esterilla de la entrada de la casa = welcome mat.* estilo de la casa = house style.* fuera de la casa = out-of-home.* hacer que Algo se haga en casa = bring + Nombre + in-house.* hecho en casa = homespun, homemade.* hora de volver a casa = curfew.* imposibilitado para salir de casa = housebound [house-bound], homebound [home-bound].* ir a casa de = make + house calls.* irse a casa = go + home.* irse de casa = leave + home.* joven que huye de su casa = runaway.* lejía de casa = household bleach.* llave de la casa = house key.* llegar a casa = get + home.* llegar tarde a casa = stay out + late.* llevar a casa = bring + home.* llevarse los problemas a casa = bring + problems home.* menú de la casa = set menu.* mudarse de casa = move + house.* para el inglés su casa es su castillo = an Englishman's home is his castle.* partido que se juega en casa = home game.* partido que se juega fuera de casa = away game.* personas confinadas a permanecer en casa por cualquier impedimento, las = housebound, the.* personas que no pueden salir de casa = homebound, the.* pisar + Posesivo + casa = darken + Posesivo + door.* poner la casa al revés = turn + everything upside down.* poner la casa patas arriba = turn + the house upside down.* poner los pies en + Posesivo + casa = darken + Posesivo + door.* quedarse a dormir en la casa de un amigo = sleepover.* quedarse dentro de casa = stay + indoors.* quedarse en casa = stay + indoors.* quehaceres de la casa = housework.* que trabaja desde casa = home-based.* realización de los estudios escolares en casa = homeschooling [home schooling].* regresar a casa = go + home again.* regreso a casa = homecoming, journey home.* revolver toda la casa = turn + the house upside down.* ropa de casa = loungewear.* ropa de estar en casa = loungewear.* salir de casa = leave + home.* segunda casa = second home.* seguro de la casa = home insurance.* sentirse como en casa = feel + at home, feel like + home (away) from home.* tirar la casa por la ventana = lash out (on), go to + town on.* todo queda en casa = all in the family.* trabajador desde casa = homeworker.* trabajos de la casa = housework.* traer a casa = bring + back home.* vender de casa en casa = peddle.* volver a casa = go + home again.* volver la casa al revés = turn + everything upside down.* volver tarde a casa = stay out + late.* vuelta a casa = homecoming, journey home.* zona para casas móviles = mobile home park, trailer park.* * *1)a) ( vivienda) houseb) ( hogar) homea los 18 años se fue de casa or (AmL) de la casa — she left home at 18
no está nunca en casa or (AmL) en la casa — he's never (at) home
¿estarás en casa esta tarde? — will you be at home o in this afternoon?
¿por qué no pasas por casa or (AmL) por la casa? — why don't you drop in o by?
lo invito a cenar a su casa de usted — (Méx) please come over to dinner
vivo en Lomas 38, su casa de usted — (Méx) I live at number 38 Lomas, where you will always be most welcome
le ha puesto casa a su querida — he's set his mistress up in a house (o an apartment etc)
de or para andar por casa — < vestido> for wearing around the house; <definición/terminología> crude, rough
se me/se le vino la casa encima — the bottom fell out of my/her world
como Pedro por su casa — as if you/he/she owned the place (colloq)
como una casa — (fam)
una mentira como una casa — a whopping great lie (colloq), a whopper (colloq)
echar or tirar la casa por la ventana — to push the boat out
empezar la casa por el tejado — to put the cart before the horse
en la casa de la Guayaba (Méx fam) — miles away (colloq)
ser muy de su casa — ( hogareño) to be very homeloving; ( hacendoso) to be very houseproud
en casa del herrero, cuchillo de palo — the shoemaker's son always goes barefoot
2) (Com)a) ( empresa) company, firm (BrE)b) (bar, restaurante)especialidad de la casa — house specialty (AmE), speciality of the house (BrE)
3) ( dinastía) house4)a) (Dep)b) (Jueg) home•* * *= home, house, household, townhouse [town-house], home front.Ex: It is recommended for a variety of applications, amongst which are records of suppliers, staff, household possessions and so on, and is likely to find users in both the home and business worlds.
Ex: Qualifiers function as an integral part of the index terms, so that terms of the form 'Moving ( House)', 'Mergers (Industrial)' are created and used.Ex: For the two-car family, living in the countryside can present few problems, but most households are not in such an advantageous position.Ex: In comparing the residential experiences of single-family dwelling inhabitants with those living in townhouses, duplexes, & apartments, only apartment dwellers seem to experience adverse effects.Ex: The ongoing threat of terrorist attacks on North American soil and assets abroad, have brought asymmetric warfare to the home front.* alfabetización en casa = family literacy.* ama de casa = housewife [housewives, -pl.], homemaker, housekeeper.* amo de casa = homemaker.* artículos de la casa = household goods.* asuntos de la casa, los = home affairs.* banco en casa = home banking.* barrer para casa = look after + number one, feather + Posesivo/the + nest.* bata de casa = housedress.* cambiarse de casa = move + house.* casa adosada = terrace(d) house, terrace(d) home, townhouse [town-house], semidetached house, duplex, duplex house.* casa alquilada = house let.* casa ancestral = ancestral home.* Casa Blanca, la = White House, the.* casa comercial = house.* casa consistorial = civic hall.* casa de acogida = shelter home, foster home.* casa de beneficiencia = almshouse.* casa de campo = holiday home, country residence.* casa de empeño = pawnshop, hock shop [hockshop].* casa de huéspedes = guesthouse [guest house], bed and breakfast (B&B).* casa de ladrillos de adobe = mud-brick house.* casa de la moneda = mint.* casa de la playa = beach house.* casa del guarda = lodge.* casa de locos = lunatic asylum, madhouse, bedlam.* casa de los locos = asylum, mental asylum, madhouse.* casa del párroco = parsonage house, parsonage.* casa de madera = log house, wood house.* casa de maternidad = maternity home.* casa de muñecas = doll's house.* casa de oficios = vocational school.* casa de pisos = tenement, apartment block, apartment building, apartment complex.* casa de placer = house of pleasure, house of pleasure.* casa de putas = brothel, bawdy house [bawdyhouse].* casa de té = teahouse.* casa de tres plantas = three-storeyed house.* casa de troncos de madera = log house.* casa de vacaciones = vacation home.* casa de veraneo = holiday home.* casa editorial = publishing house.* casa frecuentada por los espíritus = haunted house.* casa móvil = mobile home.* casa pareada = duplex, duplex house.* casa parroquial = parsonage house, parsonage.* casa particular = private home.* casa piloto = show home, show house.* casa prefabricada = manufactured home, prefabricated house.* casa proveedora = components supplier.* casa remolque = mobile home.* casa rural = farmhouse.* casa rústica = cottage.* casa señorial = manor house, stately home.* casa social = community house.* casa solariega = ancestral home, country house, stately home, manor house.* cine en casa = home theatre, home cinema.* cocinero de casa = home cook.* comer en casa = eat in.* como en casa = like home (away) from home.* como en casa no se está en ningún sitio = there's no place like home.* compra desde casa = armchair shopping.* confinado a la casa = housebound [house-bound].* construcción de casas = building construction.* dueño de la casa = householder.* el enemigo en casa = the enemy within.* empezar la casa por el tejado = tail wagging the dog.* en casa = in the home.* en casa de herrero cuchillo de palo = the cobbler's children run barefoot.* encontrar casa = find + a home.* encontrarse en casa = be in.* enseñanza escolar en casa = homeschooling [home schooling].* equipo de casa = home team.* equipo de casa, el = home side, the.* escolarización en casa = homeschool, homeschooling [home schooling].* escolarizar en casa = homeschool.* especialidad de la casa, la = house specialty, the.* estar en casa = be in.* esterilla de la entrada de la casa = welcome mat.* estilo de la casa = house style.* fuera de la casa = out-of-home.* hacer que Algo se haga en casa = bring + Nombre + in-house.* hecho en casa = homespun, homemade.* hora de volver a casa = curfew.* imposibilitado para salir de casa = housebound [house-bound], homebound [home-bound].* ir a casa de = make + house calls.* irse a casa = go + home.* irse de casa = leave + home.* joven que huye de su casa = runaway.* lejía de casa = household bleach.* llave de la casa = house key.* llegar a casa = get + home.* llegar tarde a casa = stay out + late.* llevar a casa = bring + home.* llevarse los problemas a casa = bring + problems home.* menú de la casa = set menu.* mudarse de casa = move + house.* para el inglés su casa es su castillo = an Englishman's home is his castle.* partido que se juega en casa = home game.* partido que se juega fuera de casa = away game.* personas confinadas a permanecer en casa por cualquier impedimento, las = housebound, the.* personas que no pueden salir de casa = homebound, the.* pisar + Posesivo + casa = darken + Posesivo + door.* poner la casa al revés = turn + everything upside down.* poner la casa patas arriba = turn + the house upside down.* poner los pies en + Posesivo + casa = darken + Posesivo + door.* quedarse a dormir en la casa de un amigo = sleepover.* quedarse dentro de casa = stay + indoors.* quedarse en casa = stay + indoors.* quehaceres de la casa = housework.* que trabaja desde casa = home-based.* realización de los estudios escolares en casa = homeschooling [home schooling].* regresar a casa = go + home again.* regreso a casa = homecoming, journey home.* revolver toda la casa = turn + the house upside down.* ropa de casa = loungewear.* ropa de estar en casa = loungewear.* salir de casa = leave + home.* segunda casa = second home.* seguro de la casa = home insurance.* sentirse como en casa = feel + at home, feel like + home (away) from home.* tirar la casa por la ventana = lash out (on), go to + town on.* todo queda en casa = all in the family.* trabajador desde casa = homeworker.* trabajos de la casa = housework.* traer a casa = bring + back home.* vender de casa en casa = peddle.* volver a casa = go + home again.* volver la casa al revés = turn + everything upside down.* volver tarde a casa = stay out + late.* vuelta a casa = homecoming, journey home.* zona para casas móviles = mobile home park, trailer park.* * *Casa Amarilla (↑ casa a1), Casa Rosada (↑ casa aa1)A1 (vivienda) houseestá buscando casa she's looking for somewhere to livecambiarse or mudarse de casa to move, move housetodavía no nos han ofrecido la casa they still haven't invited us to see the house2 (hogar) homea los 18 años se fue de casa or ( AmL) de la casa she left home at 18no está nunca en casa or ( AmL) en la casa he's never (at) home¿por qué no pasas por casa or ( AmL) por la casa? why don't you drop in o by?voy a preguntar en casa or ( AmL) en la casa I'll ask at homeestá en su casa make yourself at homelo invito a cenar a su casa de usted ( Méx); please come over to dinner¿dónde vive? — en Lomas 38, su casa de usted ( Méx); where do you live? — at number 38 Lomas, where you will always be most welcomeno soy de la casa I don't live heredecidió poner casa en Toledo she decided to go and live in Toledole ha puesto casa a su querida he's set his mistress up in a house ( o an apartment etc)los padres les ayudaron a poner la casa their parents helped them to set up housede andar or para andar por casa ‹vestido› house ( before n), for wearing around the house;‹definición/terminología› crude, roughcaérsele or venírsele a algn la casa encima: cuando no aprobó el examen se le vino la casa encima when she failed the exam, the bottom fell out of her world o her whole world came crashing down around her earscomo Pedro or Perico or Pepe por su casa as if you/he/she owned the place ( colloq)un error grande como una casa a glaring o terrible mistakeechar or tirar or ( Ven) botar la casa por la ventana to push the boat outpara la boda de su hija tiró la casa por la ventana he spared no expense o he really went overboard o he really pushed the boat out for his daughter's weddingempezar la casa por el tejado to put the cart before the horseser muy de su casa (hogareño) to be very homeloving, be a real homebody ( AmE) o ( BrE) homelover; (hacendoso) to be very houseprouden casa del herrero, cuchillo de palo or ( Col) azadón de palo the shoemaker's son always goes barefootcada uno en su casa y Dios en la de todos each to his own and God watching over everyoneB ( Com)la casa Mega lanzó ayer su último modelo Mega launched their latest model yesterday2(bar, restaurante): vino de la casa house wineinvita la casa it's on the housees un obsequio de la casa with the compliments of the managementC (dinastía) housela casa de los Borbones the House of BourbonD1 ( Dep):Wanderers perdió en casa Wanderers lost at homelos de casa juegan de amarillo the home team are in yellow2 ( Jueg) homeE ( Astrol) houseCompuestos:semi-detached/terraced house(en CR, Ven) Presidential PalaceWhite Househead office, headquarters ( sing o pl)clubhousetown hall( Chi) (reformatorio) reformatory ( for girls) ( AmE), young offenders' institution ( for girls) ( BrE); (cárcel) women's prisonpolice station ( including living quarters)children's homerefuge(CS) maisonettebathhouse, baths (pl)children's homebureau de changecountry house, house in the countryrestaurant ( serving economically priced meals)House of Godrecord company(en algunos países) Presidential Palaceboardinghouse, rooming house ( AmE)( RPl) tenement houseA ( Fin) mintB (en Chi) Presidential Palace( ant); brothelHouse of Godfashion houselunatic asylumtenement house ( Esp)coaching inn● casa de reposo or salud(CS) nursing home, convalescent homefirst-aid post( AmL) brothel( Méx) tenement housetenement houserecord companypublishing househouse boat( Chi) dwellinghead office, headquarters ( sing o pl)(Col, Méx) casa pilotobrothelRoyal Householdrefuge o hostel for battered women(en Arg) Presidential Palace( Esp); holiday cottageancestral home* * *
Del verbo casar: ( conjugate casar)
casa es:
3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) presente indicativo2ª persona singular (tú) imperativo
Multiple Entries:
casa
casar
casa sustantivo femenino
1
casita del perro kennel;
casa adosada or pareada semi-detached o terraced house;
Ccasa Blanca White House;
casa de acogida refuge;
casa de huéspedes boardinghouse;
casa de socorro first-aid post;
casa de vecinos or (Méx) de vecindad tenement house;
Ccasa Real Royal Household;
casa refugio refuge o hostel for battered women;
casa rodante (CS) trailer (AmE), caravan (BrE)
a los 18 años se fue de casa or (AmL) de la casa she left home at 18;
no está nunca en casa or ( AmL) en la casa he's never (at) home;
¿por qué no pasas por casa or (AmL) por la casa? why don't you drop in?;
de or para andar por casa ‹ vestido› for wearing around the house;
‹definición/terminología› crude, rough;
echar or tirar la casa por la ventana to push the boat out
2
casa de cambios bureau de changeb) (bar, restaurante):
invita la casa it's on the house
3 (Dep):
casar ( conjugate casar) verbo transitivo [cura/juez] to marry
verbo intransitivo
[ piezas] to fit together;
[ cuentas] to match, tally
casa con algo to go well with sth
casarse verbo pronominal
to get married;
se casó con un abogado she married a lawyer;
casase en segundas nupcias to marry again, to remarry
casa sustantivo femenino
1 (edificio) house ➣ Ver nota en chalet
2 (hogar) home: vete a casa, go home
estábamos en casa de Rosa, we were at Rosa's
hay mucha gente que no tiene casa, there are a lot of homeless people
3 (empresa) company, firm
casa matriz, head office
4 (estirpe) la casa de los Austria, the House of Habsburg
5 casa de empeños, pawnshop
casa de huéspedes, boarding house
familiar casa de locos, madhouse
casa de socorro, first aid post
casa de la villa, town hall
♦ Locuciones: tengo que salir a pasear, si no, se me cae la casa encima, I've got to go out for a walk or this house is going to drive me up the wall
familiar como Pedro por su casa, as if I/you/he owned the place
de andar por casa, (ropa) everyday
(explicación) crude, rough
no parar en casa, to be on the go
tirar la casa por la ventana, to roll out the red carpet
casar
I verbo transitivo (unir en matrimonio) to marry
(dar en matrimonio) to marry (off): casó muy bien a sus dos hijos, she successfully married off her two sons
II verbo intransitivo (encajar) to match, go o fit together: las cuentas no le casan, he can't make the figures balance, figurado things don't seem to be right to him
' casa' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
A
- abajo
- abstraerse
- acercar
- acoger
- acogedor
- acogedora
- acuerdo
- adosada
- adosado
- afuera
- agencia
- ajena
- ajeno
- alquilar
- alquiler
- ama
- amañarse
- amo
- ampliación
- andar
- antirrobo
- arriba
- así
- ático
- atusar
- aviar
- barrer
- bata
- benjamín
- benjamina
- bienvenida
- bienvenido
- borde
- cabida
- cacho
- calentar
- cambiar
- camino
- cara
- cargar
- carpintería
- casera
- casero
- chalet
- cocina
- comedor
- comedora
- consentir
- convivir
English:
address
- advantage
- agent
- amenities
- ancestral
- anyone
- appraisal
- appreciate
- approximately
- around-the clock
- as
- ask round
- at
- attractive
- back
- be
- bed
- before
- below
- better
- big
- blast away
- bleak
- boarding house
- body
- bookshelf
- break into
- built-in
- burglar alarm
- burglarize
- burglary
- busline
- bustle
- buyer
- call
- caller
- care
- caretaker
- clean up
- come out
- congregate
- convenience
- cottage
- curious
- customary
- cut out
- daily
- dear
- decorate
- design
* * *casa nf1. [edificio] house;[apartamento] Br flat, US apartment;vivo en una casa de tres plantas my house has got three floors;vivimos en una casa de alquiler we live in rented accommodation;buscar casa to look for somewhere to live;de casa en casa house-to-house;se le cae la casa encima [se deprime] it's the end of the world for him;Famcomo una casa [enorme] massive;dijo un disparate como una casa he made a totally ludicrous remark;una mentira como una casa a whopping great lie;un fuera de juego como una casa a blindingly obvious offside;para comprarse un coche tan caro, tiró la casa por la ventana he spared no expense when he bought that car;empezar la casa por el tejado to put the cart before the horsecasa adosada Br terraced house, US row house; CSur, Perú [casa de arriba] upstairs Br flat o US apartment;Casa Blanca [en Estados Unidos] White House;casa de campo country house;casa y comida board and lodging;Esp casa cuartel [de la Guardia Civil] = police station also used as living quarters by Guardia Civil; Arg casa de departamentos Br block of flats, US apartment building; Am casa habitación residential building; RP casa de inquilinato = communal dwelling where poor families each live in a single room and share bathroom and kitchen with others;casa de labor farmhouse;casa de labranza farmhouse;Méx casa llena:con casa llena [en béisbol] with the bases loaded;Casa de la Moneda [en Chile] = Chile's presidential palace;casa natal: [m5] la casa natal de Goya the house where Goya was born;casa parroquial priest's house, presbytery;casa piloto show house;casa de postas posthouse, inn;casa prefabricada prefab;RP casa rodante Br caravan, US trailer;Casa Rosada [en Argentina] = Argentinian presidential palace;casa semiadosada semi-detached house;casa solariega ancestral home, family seat;casa unifamiliar = house, usually detached, on an estate;casa de vecindad tenement house2. [hogar] home;bienvenido a casa welcome home;en casa at home;¿está tu hermano en casa? is your brother at home?;me quedé en casa leyendo I stayed at home and read a book;en casa se cena pronto we have dinner early at home;estar de casa to be casually dressed;unas zapatillas de ir por casa slippers for wearing around the house;pásate por (mi) casa come round, come over to my place;estar fuera de casa to be out;ir a casa to go home;irse de casa to leave home;me fui de casa a los dieciséis años I left home at sixteen;franquear la casa a alguien to open one's home to sb;generalmente es la mujer la que lleva la casa it's usually the woman who runs the household;no para en casa he's hardly ever at home;no tener casa ni hogar to be homeless;ponte como en tu casa, estás en tu casa make yourself at home;sin casa homeless;había varios sin casa durmiendo a la intemperie there were several homeless people sleeping rough;hemos recogido a un niño sin casa we've taken in a child from a broken home;Espquiere poner casa en Valencia she wants to go and live in Valencia;sentirse como en casa to feel at home;ser (uno) muy de su casa to be a homebody;Famcomo Pedro por su casa: entra y sale como Pedro por su casa she comes in and out as if she owns the place;todo queda en casa: nadie se enterará de tu despiste, todo queda en casa no one will find out about your mistake, we'll keep it between ourselves;el padre y el hijo dirigen el negocio, así que todo queda en casa the business is run by father and son, so it's all in the family;Esp Famlos unos por los otros y la casa sin barrer everybody said they'd do it and nobody did;Esp Famesto parece la casa de tócame Roque everyone just does whatever they want in here, it's like Liberty Hall in here;cada uno en su casa, y Dios en la de todos = you should mind your own business;en casa del herrero cuchillo de palo the shoemaker's wife is always worst shodcasa mortuoria home of the deceased;casa paterna parental home3. [familia] family;[linaje] house;procede de una de las mejores casas de la ciudad she comes from one of the most important families in the cityHist la casa de Austria the Hapsburgs; Hist la casa de Borbón the Bourbons;casa real royal family4. [establecimiento] company;este producto lo fabrican varias casas this product is made by several different companies;por la compra de un televisor, la casa le regala una radio buy a television and we'll give you a radio for free;¡invita la casa! it's on the house!;especialidad/vino de la casa house speciality/winecasa de apuestas bookmaker's, Br betting shop; Méx casa de asistencia boarding house;casa de banca banking house;Com casa central head office;casa de citas brothel;casa de comidas = cheap restaurant serving simple meals;casa discográfica record company;casa editorial publishing house;casa de empeño pawnshop;casa de empeños pawnshop;casa exportadora exporter;casa importadora importer;casa de lenocinio house of ill repute;Com casa matriz [de empresa] head office; [de grupo de empresas] parent company;casa de préstamo pawnshop;casa pública brothel;muy Fam casa de putas whorehouse;casa de subastas auction house, auctioneer's;Am casa de tolerancia brothelcasa de baños public bathhouse;casa de beneficencia poorhouse;Fin casa de cambio Br bureau de change, US foreign-exchange bureau;casa de caridad poorhouse;casa de correos post office;casa cuna [orfanato] foundling home;[guardería] nursery;casa de Dios house of God;CSur casa de estudios educational establishment;casa de fieras zoo;Am casa de gobierno = workplace of the head of state, governor, mayor etc;casa de locos madhouse;Fig¡esto es una casa de locos! this place is a madhouse!;casa de la moneda [fábrica] mint;casa del pueblo = village social club run by local council;casa rectoral rectory;casa regional = social club for people from a particular region (in another region or abroad);casa religiosa [de monjas] convent;[de monjes] monastery; RP casa de reposo rest home; RP casa de salud rest home;casa del Señor house of God;casa de la villa town hall7. Dep home;jugar en casa to play at home;jugar fuera de casa to play away (from home);el equipo de casa the home team8. [en juegos de mesa] home9. [casilla de ajedrez, damas] squareCASA ROSADACasa Rosada (the “pink house”) in Buenos Aires, is the name of the Argentinian Presidential Palace. Its pink colour was originally chosen (for an earlier building) by president Domingo Sarmiento (1868-74) to represent a combination between the two feuding political traditions of nineteenth century Argentina – red for the Federalists and white for the Unitarians. Argentina's presidents have addressed the people from the balcony of the palace, but the most famous orator to use it was Evita Peron, so there was a huge controversy when film director Alan Parker obtained permission to use the balcony when filming his musical “Evita” in 1997, with Madonna in the title role.* * *f1 house;como una casa fam huge fam ;comenzar la casa por el tejado fig put the cart before the horse;echar otirar la casa por la ventana spare no expense;se me cayó la casa encima fig the bottom fell out of my world2 DEP:jugar en casa play at home;jugar fuera de casa play away, play on the road3 ( hogar) home;en casa at home;estás en tu casa make yourself at home;llevar la casa run the home;ser muy de su casa be a real home-lover;todo queda en casa everything stays in the family* * *casa nf1) : house, building2) hogar: home3) : household, family4) : company, firm5)echar la casa por la ventana : to spare no expense* * *casa n1. (en general) house2. (hogar) home3. (empresa) company -
16 of
əv1) (belonging to: a friend of mine.) av2) (away from (a place etc); after (a given time): within five miles of London; within a year of his death.) fra, etter3) (written etc by: the plays of Shakespeare.) av4) (belonging to or forming a group: He is one of my friends.) av5) (showing: a picture of my father.) av6) (made from; consisting of: a dress of silk; a collection of pictures.) av7) (used to show an amount, measurement of something: a gallon of petrol; five bags of coal.) med, à8) (about: an account of his work.) om9) (containing: a box of chocolates.) med, av10) (used to show a cause: She died of hunger.) av, fra11) (used to show a loss or removal: She was robbed of her jewels.) fra-, av12) (used to show the connection between an action and its object: the smoking of a cigarette.) av13) (used to show character, qualities etc: a man of courage.) med, av14) ((American) (of time) a certain number of minutes before (the hour): It's ten minutes of three.) på, føromprep. \/ɒv\/, trykksvakəv\/ eller \/v\/, foran ubetont konsonant: \/f\/1) ( om forholdet mellom en del og en helhet) av, fra2) (etter et tall eller bestemmelsesfaktor, av og til uten oversettelse til norsk) med, om, av, blant• would you like a cup of tea?3) ( om retning eller sted) fra, for• have you met Professor Smith of Cambridge?4) ( om forbindelsen mellom to enheter eller eiendomsforhold) med, i, av, etter, fra, forhan er en romanforfatter fra det 18. århundre5) ( om forholdet mellom et abstrakt begrep og et etterfølgende objekt) fra, for, av, i, på• in the opinion of the teachers, this is wrong6) (om forholdet mellom et verb og et etterfølgende objekt der verbet uttrykker en mental eller abstrakt tilstand) fra, etter, om, på• just think of the consequences!7) ( om årsak eller motiv) av8) ( om forholdet mellom en skala eller målestokk og en verdi) på, med, à• the sales will decrease of 5%salget vil gå ned med 5%9) (om alder, av og til uten oversettelse på norsk) på10) ( om materiale som noe består av) av, i11) (om dato, årstid, navn eller tittel, av og til uten oversettelse på norsk) på• he's the governor of St. Helenahan er guvernøren på St. Helena12) (om personlig egenskap, av og til uten oversettelse på norsk) på13) ( om sammenligning) til, av• he has one merit, that of being honesthan har ett fortrinn, nemlig det å være ærlig15) (i visse tidsuttrykk, litterært) på, om• what do you do of Sundays?16) (amer., om klokkeslett) påbe of delta i, være med i, tilhøreof late i det sistei de siste årene\/i de senere årof oneself av seg selv, frivillig -
17 ОБРАЗЦЫ ПОЗДРАВЛЕНИЙ И ВЫРАЖЕНИЯ БЛАГОДАРНОСТИ
***Господин председатель, уважаемые дамы и господа! Прежде всего, разрешите поблагодарить, за предоставленную мне возможность выступить на этом заседании.Mr. Chairman, ladies and gentlemen (distinguished can usually be omitted), first of all permit/allow me to thank you for (giving me) this opportunity (much better than possibility) to speak at this meeting.Прежде всего, от имени Х'а, мне хотелось бы поздравить вас, господин Y, по поводу занятия Вами поста председателя...First of all, on behalf of (not in the name of!) I should like to/permit me to/congratulate you on your election.Позвольте приветствовать Вас на высоком посту председателя...поздравить Вас с избранием на этот ответственный пост.Поздравляю Вас с избранием...to chair to this lofty/responsible/high/ important post/position/officeПримите поздравления делегации...по случаю (единодушного) избрания... on your (unanimous) electionПримите наши горячие поздравления по случаю вашего избрания председателем этой сессии и пожелания успехов в вашей ответственной работе.Please accept our warmest congratulations on your election as chairman of this session and allow us to wish you every success/all success.Мы хотели бы выразить искреннее удовлетворение по поводу того, что вновь видим Вас на посту... в кресле... Мы с удовлетворением видим Вас...We should like to express/convey/ voice/state our sincere satisfaction at seeing you once again elected/ appointed in the chair...Пользуясь случаем, хотелось бы также выразить глубокую признательность представителю Х'а...I should first (and foremost) like to take advantage of this opportunity to express profound gratitude to the representative of...Мы хотели бы также отдать должное Х'у за его умелое руководство и квалифицированное руководство этой сессией...We should also like to pay a (well deserved) tribute to X on his skillful and expert/able/competent guidance/leadership of the work of this session.Хотелось бы также отдать должное Вашему предшественникуWe also wish to pay a tribute to/congratulate your predecessorМы с удовлетворением отмечаем, что Вы успешно используете свой богатый государственный и дипломатический опыт, руководя работой комитета...We note with satisfaction that you are putting to good use your governmental and diplomatic experience in guiding the work...Мы уверены в том, что под Вашим компетентным/умелым/искусным/ квалифицированным руководством комитет успешно справится со стоящими перед ним задачами.We are confident that under your skilled/capable/competent/able leadership the committee will successfully cope with/face/deal with the responsible/important/ significant tasks/problems/items before it/facing it/on its agenda.Разрешите нам выразить уверенность, что ваша деятельность будет способствовать плодотворной работе этой сессии комитета.Allow us to express our confidence that your guidance/activity/actions will promote/advance the fruitful work of this session of the committee.Мы убеждены, что Ваши глубокие знания, богатый опыт, неизменная преданность делу мира и справедливости будут и впредь отданы служению интересам комитета.We are convinced/we know that your vast knowledge, wealth of experience, tireless/unflagging/ unswerving dedication to the cause of peace and justice will continue to serve the interests of the committee.Мне выпала сегодня большая честь приветствовать вас/открыть это заседание.Today I have the/it is my great honor to welcome you/open this meeting.Выражаем свою неизменную готовность сотрудничать с вами.We should like to express our continuing readiness to cooperate with you.От имени руководства конференции благодарю всех участников, которые содействовали ее успешному проведению.On behalf of the conference organizers I should like to thank all those participants/delegates who contributed to the success of this session/meeting/made this meeting a success.***Особо отмечается юбилей или какай-то дата:Примечательно, что в этом году наш комитет отметил свое тридцатилетие. - It is noteworthy that this year our committee marked/celebrated/ observed its thirtieth anniversary.***Даже эти стандартные варианты имеют массу вариантов в языке:– I cannot sufficiently thank you– I cannot say how glad/pleased/gratified/happy I am – I cannot hope adequately to express – I can scarcely find fitting words – I don't know how else to express – I find it difficult to put into words – Words are not adequate to express – Words cannot/are unable to convey/express my feelings – Words fail me – It affords me deep satisfaction to – I am deeply/very honored – You have done me great honor – I consider myself privileged/I am thankful for the privilege – I feel it a proud privilege – It is a great honor for me to – I have great/much/enormous/vast pride (and/or) pleasure in – It is my pleasant duty to – I welcome this opportunity to/appreciate this opportunity – I wish/desire/want/would wish/would like/intend/rise to – I beg/take leave to/take the liberty to/of – Let me – Permit me – Allow me – May I be allowed/permitted/given leave/granted permission to – If I may be allowed to/If you will allow me to – I think/believe/consider/feel/trust/deem/regard/assume/suppose/presume/take it/surmise/claim/submit/ contend/ hold/affirm/assert/guess/am under the impression that
- I think we all feel/we all will agree/I am sure everyone will agree/I may take it for granted that/No one will dispute
- I must say/am bound to say/feel obliged to/cannot but/cannot fail to/must take this opportunity/occasion to say/cannot but say/would be remiss if I did not say/ expressСловарь переводчика-синхрониста (русско-английский) > ОБРАЗЦЫ ПОЗДРАВЛЕНИЙ И ВЫРАЖЕНИЯ БЛАГОДАРНОСТИ
-
18 ОБРАЗЦЫ ПОЗДРАВЛЕНИЙ И ВЫРАЖЕНИЯ БЛАГОДАРНОСТИ
***Господин председатель, уважаемые дамы и господа! Прежде всего, разрешите поблагодарить, за предоставленную мне возможность выступить на этом заседании.Mr. Chairman, ladies and gentlemen (distinguished can usually be omitted), first of all permit/allow me to thank you for (giving me) this opportunity (much better than possibility) to speak at this meeting.Прежде всего, от имени Х'а, мне хотелось бы поздравить вас, господин Y, по поводу занятия Вами поста председателя...First of all, on behalf of (not in the name of!) I should like to/permit me to/congratulate you on your election.Позвольте приветствовать Вас на высоком посту председателя...поздравить Вас с избранием на этот ответственный пост.Поздравляю Вас с избранием...to chair to this lofty/responsible/high/ important post/position/officeПримите поздравления делегации...по случаю (единодушного) избрания... on your (unanimous) electionПримите наши горячие поздравления по случаю вашего избрания председателем этой сессии и пожелания успехов в вашей ответственной работе.Please accept our warmest congratulations on your election as chairman of this session and allow us to wish you every success/all success.Мы хотели бы выразить искреннее удовлетворение по поводу того, что вновь видим Вас на посту... в кресле... Мы с удовлетворением видим Вас...We should like to express/convey/ voice/state our sincere satisfaction at seeing you once again elected/ appointed in the chair...Пользуясь случаем, хотелось бы также выразить глубокую признательность представителю Х'а...I should first (and foremost) like to take advantage of this opportunity to express profound gratitude to the representative of...Мы хотели бы также отдать должное Х'у за его умелое руководство и квалифицированное руководство этой сессией...We should also like to pay a (well deserved) tribute to X on his skillful and expert/able/competent guidance/leadership of the work of this session.Хотелось бы также отдать должное Вашему предшественникуWe also wish to pay a tribute to/congratulate your predecessorМы с удовлетворением отмечаем, что Вы успешно используете свой богатый государственный и дипломатический опыт, руководя работой комитета...We note with satisfaction that you are putting to good use your governmental and diplomatic experience in guiding the work...Мы уверены в том, что под Вашим компетентным/умелым/искусным/ квалифицированным руководством комитет успешно справится со стоящими перед ним задачами.We are confident that under your skilled/capable/competent/able leadership the committee will successfully cope with/face/deal with the responsible/important/ significant tasks/problems/items before it/facing it/on its agenda.Разрешите нам выразить уверенность, что ваша деятельность будет способствовать плодотворной работе этой сессии комитета.Allow us to express our confidence that your guidance/activity/actions will promote/advance the fruitful work of this session of the committee.Мы убеждены, что Ваши глубокие знания, богатый опыт, неизменная преданность делу мира и справедливости будут и впредь отданы служению интересам комитета.We are convinced/we know that your vast knowledge, wealth of experience, tireless/unflagging/ unswerving dedication to the cause of peace and justice will continue to serve the interests of the committee.Мне выпала сегодня большая честь приветствовать вас/открыть это заседание.Today I have the/it is my great honor to welcome you/open this meeting.Выражаем свою неизменную готовность сотрудничать с вами.We should like to express our continuing readiness to cooperate with you.От имени руководства конференции благодарю всех участников, которые содействовали ее успешному проведению.On behalf of the conference organizers I should like to thank all those participants/delegates who contributed to the success of this session/meeting/made this meeting a success.***Особо отмечается юбилей или какай-то дата:Примечательно, что в этом году наш комитет отметил свое тридцатилетие. - It is noteworthy that this year our committee marked/celebrated/ observed its thirtieth anniversary.***Даже эти стандартные варианты имеют массу вариантов в языке:– I cannot sufficiently thank you– I cannot say how glad/pleased/gratified/happy I am – I cannot hope adequately to express – I can scarcely find fitting words – I don't know how else to express – I find it difficult to put into words – Words are not adequate to express – Words cannot/are unable to convey/express my feelings – Words fail me – It affords me deep satisfaction to – I am deeply/very honored – You have done me great honor – I consider myself privileged/I am thankful for the privilege – I feel it a proud privilege – It is a great honor for me to – I have great/much/enormous/vast pride (and/or) pleasure in – It is my pleasant duty to – I welcome this opportunity to/appreciate this opportunity – I wish/desire/want/would wish/would like/intend/rise to – I beg/take leave to/take the liberty to/of – Let me – Permit me – Allow me – May I be allowed/permitted/given leave/granted permission to – If I may be allowed to/If you will allow me to – I think/believe/consider/feel/trust/deem/regard/assume/suppose/presume/take it/surmise/claim/submit/ contend/ hold/affirm/assert/guess/am under the impression that
- I think we all feel/we all will agree/I am sure everyone will agree/I may take it for granted that/No one will dispute
- I must say/am bound to say/feel obliged to/cannot but/cannot fail to/must take this opportunity/occasion to say/cannot but say/would be remiss if I did not say/ expressРусско-английский словарь переводчика-синхрониста > ОБРАЗЦЫ ПОЗДРАВЛЕНИЙ И ВЫРАЖЕНИЯ БЛАГОДАРНОСТИ
-
19 auctoritas
auctōrĭtas (not autōr- nor authōr-), ātis, f. [auctor], acc. to the different signiff. of that word,I.In gen., a producing, production, invention, cause (very rare;II.syn.: auctoramentum, sententia, judicium, consilium, vis, pondus, favor, gratia): quod si exquiratur usque ab stirpe auctoritas (sc. rumoris),
originator, inventor, Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 180:ejus facti qui sint principes et inventores, qui denique auctoritatis ejus et inventionis comprobatores,
Cic. Inv. 1, 28, 43:utrum poëtae Stoicos depravārint, an Stoici poëtis dederint auctoritatem, non facile dixerim,
id. N. D. 3, 38, 91.—Esp.,A.A view, opinion, judgment:B.errat vehementer, si quis in orationibus nostris auctoritates nostras consignatas se habere arbitratur,
Cic. Clu. 50, 139:reliquum est, ut de Q. Catuli auctoritate et sententiā dicendum esse videatur,
id. Imp. Pomp. 20; 22:Mihi quidem ex animo eximi non potest, esse deos, id tamen ipsum, quod mihi persuasum est auctoritate majorum, cur ita sit, nihil tu me doces,
id. N. D. 3, 3, 7:plus apud me antiquorum auctoritas valet,
id. Lael. 4, 13.—Counsel, advice, persuasion, encouragement to something (esp. if made with energy and sustained by the authority and influence of the counsellor; cf.C.auctor, I. C.): auctoritatem defugere,
Plaut. Poen. 1, 1, 19:Jubeo, cogo atque impero. Numquam defugiam auctoritatem,
Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 99 Ruhnk.: attende jam, Torquate, quam ego defugiam auctoritatem consulatūs mei, how little pleased (ironically) I am that the occurrences of my consulship are ascribed to my exertions, my influence, Cic. Sull. 11, 33:cujus (Reguli) cum valuisset auctoritas, captivi retenti sunt,
id. Off. 3, 27, 100:jure, legibus, auctoritate omnium, qui consulebantur, testamentum fecerat,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 42:ejus (Sexti) mihi vivit auctoritas,
id. Att. 10, 1, 1:his rebus adducti et auctoritate Orgetorigis permoti etc.,
Caes. B. G. 1, 3: ut per auctoritatem earum civitatium suae preces nuper repudiatae faciliorem aditum ad senatum haberent, i. e. agentibus, intervenientibus, Liv. 38, 3 al.—Also consolatory exhortation, consolation, comfort:his autem litteris animum tuum...amicissimi hominis auctoritate confirmandum etiam atque etiam puto,
Cic. Fam. 6, 6, 2.—Will, pleasure, decision, bidding, command, precept, decree:2.si ad verba rem deflectere velimus, consilium autem eorum, qui scripserunt, et rationem et auctoritatem relinquamus?
Cic. Caecin. 18, 51:verba servire hominum consiliis et auctoritatibus,
id. ib. 18, 52:legio auctoritatem Caesaris persecuta est,
id. Phil. 3, 3:nisi legiones ad Caesaris auctoritatem se contulissent,
under his command, guidance, id. Fam. 10, 28 fin. —Hence,Esp., in political lang., t. t.a.Senatūs auctoritas,(α).The will of the senate:(β).agrum Picenum contra senatūs auctoritatem dividere,
Cic. Sen. 4, 11.—More freq.,A decree of the senate, = Senatūs consultum:b.Senatūs vetus auctoritas de Bacchanalibus,
Cic. Leg. 2, 15, 37:sine senatūs auctoritate foedus facere,
id. Off. 3, 30, 109:Senatūs auctoritas gravissima intercessit,
id. Fam. 1, 2 fin.:responditque ita ex auctoritate senatūs consul,
Liv. 7, 31:imperio non populi jussu, non ex auctoritate patrum dato,
id. 26, 2:Neminem exulum nisi ex Senatūs auctoritate restituit,
Suet. Claud. 12:citra senatūs populique auctoritatem,
id. Caes. 28 al. —Hence the superscription to the decrees of the Senate:SENATVS. CONSVLTI. AVCTORITAS., abbrev., S. C. A.,
Cic. Fam. 8, 8.—Sometimes between senatūs auctoritas and senatūs consultum this distinction is to be made, that the former designates a decision of the senate, invalidated by the protestation of the tribune of the people or by the people themselves;the latter, one that is passed without opposition,
Cic. Fam. 8, 8; Liv. 4, 57.—Auctoritas populi, the popular will or decision:c.isti principes et sibi et ceteris populi universi auctoritati parendum esse fateantur,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 22; so,publica,
Vell. 2, 62, 3; Dig. 1, 2, 2, § 4.—Auctoritas collegii (pontificum), Liv. 34, 44; cf. Cic. Leg. 2, 19 and 21.—D.Liberty, ability, power, authority to do according to one's pleasure:E.qui habet imperium a populo Romano auctoritatem legum dandarum ab senatu,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 49:Verres tantum sibi auctoritatis in re publicā suscepit, ut, etc.,
id. ib. 2, 5, 58: Invita in hoc loco versatur oratio;videtur enim auctoritatem adferre peccandi,
id. N. D. 3, 35, 85:Senatūs faciem secum attulerat auctoritatemque populi Romani,
id. Phil. 8, 8.—Might, power, authority, reputation, dignity, influence, weight (very freq.):F.ut vostra auctoritas Meae auctoritati fautrix adjutrixque sit, Ter. Hec. prol. alt. 40: aequitate causae et auctoritate suā aliquem commovere,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 48:id maximā auctoritate philosophi adfirmant,
id. Off. 3, 29, 105:Digna est memoriā Q. Catuli cum auctoritas tum verecundia,
Vell. 2, 32:optimatium auctoritatem deminuere,
Suet. Caes. 11; so,auctoritatem habere,
Cic. Phil. 11, 10 fin.; id. Sen. 17, 60:adripere,
id. ib. 18, 62; id. N. D. 3, 35, 85:facere,
to procure, obtain, id. Imp. Pomp. 15: Grandis auctoritatis es et bene regis regnum Israël, * Vulg. 3 Reg. 21, 7:imminuere,
Cic. de Or. 2, 37 fin.:levare,
id. Ac. 2, 22, 69:fructus capere auctoritatis,
id. Sen. 18, 62:Quae sunt voluptates corporis cum auctoritatis praemiis comparandae?
id. ib. 18, 64 et saep. — Transf. to things, importance, significance, weight, power, worth, value, estimation:bos in pecuariā maximā debet esse auctoritate,
Varr. R. R. 2, 5:sunt certa legum verba... quo plus auctoritatis habeant, paulo antiquiora,
more weight, force, Cic. Leg. 2, 7, 18:totius hujusce rei quae sit vis, quae auctoritas, quod pondus, ignorant,
id. Fl. 4:utilitatis species falsa ab honestatis auctoritate superata est,
id. Off. 3, 30, 109: cum antea per aetatem nondum hujus auctoritatem loci attingere auderem, of this honorable place, i. e. the rostra, id. Imp. Pomp 1:bibliothecas omnium philosophorum mihi videtur XII. tabularum libellus auctoritatis pondere superare,
id. de Or. 1, 44, 195; id. Fam. 1, 7; Dolab. ap. Cic. ib. 9, 9 fin.:auctoritas praecipua lupo (pisci),
Plin. 9, 17, 28, § 61: Post eum (Maecenatum) interiit auctoritas sapori (pullorum [p. 200] asinorum), id. 8, 43, 68, § 170 Jan:unguentorum,
id. 13, 1, 2, § 4:auctoritas dignitasque formae,
Suet. Claud. 30.—Also of feigned, assumed authority:nec cognovi quemquam, qui majore auctoritate nihil diceret,
that said nothing with a greater air of authority, Cic. Div. 2, 67, 139.—An example, pattern, model:G.omnium superiorum auctoritatem repudiare,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 19:memoriā digna juventuti rei publicae capessendae auctoritas disciplinaque,
id. Sest. 6, 14:valuit auctoritas,
id. Tusc. 2, 22, 53; so id. Verr. 2, 3, 93; 2, 5, 32:tu is es qui in disputando non tuum judicium sequare, sed auctoritati aliorum pareas,
id. Leg. 1, 13, 36; id. Rosc. Am. 6, 16 al.—A warrant, security for establishing a fact, assertion, etc., credibility:2.cum ea (justitia) sine prudentiā satis habeat auctoritatis,
Cic. Off. 2, 9, 34:desinant putare, auctoritatem esse in eo testimonio, cujus auctor inventus est nemo,
id. Fl. 22, 53:Quid vero habet auctoritatis furor iste, quem divinum vocatis?
id. Div. 2, 54, 110:tollitur omnis auctoritas somniorum,
id. ib. 2, 59, 123:cum ad vanitatem accessit auctoritas,
id. Lael. 25, 94.—Meton., the things which serve for the verification or establishment of a fact.a.A record, document:b.videt legationes, cum publicis auctoritatibus convenisse,
Cic. Verr. 1, 3, 7:nihil putas valere in judiciis civitatum auctoritates ac litteras,
id. ib. 2, 3, 62, § 146.—The name of a person who is security for something, authority:H.cum auctoritates principum conjurationis colligeret,
Cic. Sull. 13, 37:sed tu auctoritates contemnis, ratione pugnas,
id. N. D. 3, 4, 9.—Hence for the names of persons present at the drawing up of a decree of the senate:quod in auctoritatibus praescriptis exstat,
Cic. de Or. 3, 2, 5: Senatūs consultum, quod tibi misi, factum est auctoritatesque perscriptae, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8.—Right of possession (cf. auctor, II. F. 1.):J.lex usum et auctoritatem fundi jubet esse biennium,
Cic. Caecin. 19, 54:usūs auctoritas fundi biennium est,
id. Top. 4, 23; so id. Caecin. 26, 74; id. Har. Resp. 7; Lex Atin. ap. Gell. 17, 6; cf. Hugo, Rechtsgesch. p. 217 sq.—So in the laws of the XII. Tables: ADVERSVS. HOSTEM. AETERNA. AVCTORITAS., against a stranger the right of possession is perpetual (i. e. a stranger cannot, by prescription, obtain the right of possession to the property of a Roman), ap. Cic. Off. 1, 12, 37.—In jurid. lang., a guaranty, security, Paul. Sent. 2, 17. -
20 authoritas
auctōrĭtas (not autōr- nor authōr-), ātis, f. [auctor], acc. to the different signiff. of that word,I.In gen., a producing, production, invention, cause (very rare;II.syn.: auctoramentum, sententia, judicium, consilium, vis, pondus, favor, gratia): quod si exquiratur usque ab stirpe auctoritas (sc. rumoris),
originator, inventor, Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 180:ejus facti qui sint principes et inventores, qui denique auctoritatis ejus et inventionis comprobatores,
Cic. Inv. 1, 28, 43:utrum poëtae Stoicos depravārint, an Stoici poëtis dederint auctoritatem, non facile dixerim,
id. N. D. 3, 38, 91.—Esp.,A.A view, opinion, judgment:B.errat vehementer, si quis in orationibus nostris auctoritates nostras consignatas se habere arbitratur,
Cic. Clu. 50, 139:reliquum est, ut de Q. Catuli auctoritate et sententiā dicendum esse videatur,
id. Imp. Pomp. 20; 22:Mihi quidem ex animo eximi non potest, esse deos, id tamen ipsum, quod mihi persuasum est auctoritate majorum, cur ita sit, nihil tu me doces,
id. N. D. 3, 3, 7:plus apud me antiquorum auctoritas valet,
id. Lael. 4, 13.—Counsel, advice, persuasion, encouragement to something (esp. if made with energy and sustained by the authority and influence of the counsellor; cf.C.auctor, I. C.): auctoritatem defugere,
Plaut. Poen. 1, 1, 19:Jubeo, cogo atque impero. Numquam defugiam auctoritatem,
Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 99 Ruhnk.: attende jam, Torquate, quam ego defugiam auctoritatem consulatūs mei, how little pleased (ironically) I am that the occurrences of my consulship are ascribed to my exertions, my influence, Cic. Sull. 11, 33:cujus (Reguli) cum valuisset auctoritas, captivi retenti sunt,
id. Off. 3, 27, 100:jure, legibus, auctoritate omnium, qui consulebantur, testamentum fecerat,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 42:ejus (Sexti) mihi vivit auctoritas,
id. Att. 10, 1, 1:his rebus adducti et auctoritate Orgetorigis permoti etc.,
Caes. B. G. 1, 3: ut per auctoritatem earum civitatium suae preces nuper repudiatae faciliorem aditum ad senatum haberent, i. e. agentibus, intervenientibus, Liv. 38, 3 al.—Also consolatory exhortation, consolation, comfort:his autem litteris animum tuum...amicissimi hominis auctoritate confirmandum etiam atque etiam puto,
Cic. Fam. 6, 6, 2.—Will, pleasure, decision, bidding, command, precept, decree:2.si ad verba rem deflectere velimus, consilium autem eorum, qui scripserunt, et rationem et auctoritatem relinquamus?
Cic. Caecin. 18, 51:verba servire hominum consiliis et auctoritatibus,
id. ib. 18, 52:legio auctoritatem Caesaris persecuta est,
id. Phil. 3, 3:nisi legiones ad Caesaris auctoritatem se contulissent,
under his command, guidance, id. Fam. 10, 28 fin. —Hence,Esp., in political lang., t. t.a.Senatūs auctoritas,(α).The will of the senate:(β).agrum Picenum contra senatūs auctoritatem dividere,
Cic. Sen. 4, 11.—More freq.,A decree of the senate, = Senatūs consultum:b.Senatūs vetus auctoritas de Bacchanalibus,
Cic. Leg. 2, 15, 37:sine senatūs auctoritate foedus facere,
id. Off. 3, 30, 109:Senatūs auctoritas gravissima intercessit,
id. Fam. 1, 2 fin.:responditque ita ex auctoritate senatūs consul,
Liv. 7, 31:imperio non populi jussu, non ex auctoritate patrum dato,
id. 26, 2:Neminem exulum nisi ex Senatūs auctoritate restituit,
Suet. Claud. 12:citra senatūs populique auctoritatem,
id. Caes. 28 al. —Hence the superscription to the decrees of the Senate:SENATVS. CONSVLTI. AVCTORITAS., abbrev., S. C. A.,
Cic. Fam. 8, 8.—Sometimes between senatūs auctoritas and senatūs consultum this distinction is to be made, that the former designates a decision of the senate, invalidated by the protestation of the tribune of the people or by the people themselves;the latter, one that is passed without opposition,
Cic. Fam. 8, 8; Liv. 4, 57.—Auctoritas populi, the popular will or decision:c.isti principes et sibi et ceteris populi universi auctoritati parendum esse fateantur,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 22; so,publica,
Vell. 2, 62, 3; Dig. 1, 2, 2, § 4.—Auctoritas collegii (pontificum), Liv. 34, 44; cf. Cic. Leg. 2, 19 and 21.—D.Liberty, ability, power, authority to do according to one's pleasure:E.qui habet imperium a populo Romano auctoritatem legum dandarum ab senatu,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 49:Verres tantum sibi auctoritatis in re publicā suscepit, ut, etc.,
id. ib. 2, 5, 58: Invita in hoc loco versatur oratio;videtur enim auctoritatem adferre peccandi,
id. N. D. 3, 35, 85:Senatūs faciem secum attulerat auctoritatemque populi Romani,
id. Phil. 8, 8.—Might, power, authority, reputation, dignity, influence, weight (very freq.):F.ut vostra auctoritas Meae auctoritati fautrix adjutrixque sit, Ter. Hec. prol. alt. 40: aequitate causae et auctoritate suā aliquem commovere,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 48:id maximā auctoritate philosophi adfirmant,
id. Off. 3, 29, 105:Digna est memoriā Q. Catuli cum auctoritas tum verecundia,
Vell. 2, 32:optimatium auctoritatem deminuere,
Suet. Caes. 11; so,auctoritatem habere,
Cic. Phil. 11, 10 fin.; id. Sen. 17, 60:adripere,
id. ib. 18, 62; id. N. D. 3, 35, 85:facere,
to procure, obtain, id. Imp. Pomp. 15: Grandis auctoritatis es et bene regis regnum Israël, * Vulg. 3 Reg. 21, 7:imminuere,
Cic. de Or. 2, 37 fin.:levare,
id. Ac. 2, 22, 69:fructus capere auctoritatis,
id. Sen. 18, 62:Quae sunt voluptates corporis cum auctoritatis praemiis comparandae?
id. ib. 18, 64 et saep. — Transf. to things, importance, significance, weight, power, worth, value, estimation:bos in pecuariā maximā debet esse auctoritate,
Varr. R. R. 2, 5:sunt certa legum verba... quo plus auctoritatis habeant, paulo antiquiora,
more weight, force, Cic. Leg. 2, 7, 18:totius hujusce rei quae sit vis, quae auctoritas, quod pondus, ignorant,
id. Fl. 4:utilitatis species falsa ab honestatis auctoritate superata est,
id. Off. 3, 30, 109: cum antea per aetatem nondum hujus auctoritatem loci attingere auderem, of this honorable place, i. e. the rostra, id. Imp. Pomp 1:bibliothecas omnium philosophorum mihi videtur XII. tabularum libellus auctoritatis pondere superare,
id. de Or. 1, 44, 195; id. Fam. 1, 7; Dolab. ap. Cic. ib. 9, 9 fin.:auctoritas praecipua lupo (pisci),
Plin. 9, 17, 28, § 61: Post eum (Maecenatum) interiit auctoritas sapori (pullorum [p. 200] asinorum), id. 8, 43, 68, § 170 Jan:unguentorum,
id. 13, 1, 2, § 4:auctoritas dignitasque formae,
Suet. Claud. 30.—Also of feigned, assumed authority:nec cognovi quemquam, qui majore auctoritate nihil diceret,
that said nothing with a greater air of authority, Cic. Div. 2, 67, 139.—An example, pattern, model:G.omnium superiorum auctoritatem repudiare,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 19:memoriā digna juventuti rei publicae capessendae auctoritas disciplinaque,
id. Sest. 6, 14:valuit auctoritas,
id. Tusc. 2, 22, 53; so id. Verr. 2, 3, 93; 2, 5, 32:tu is es qui in disputando non tuum judicium sequare, sed auctoritati aliorum pareas,
id. Leg. 1, 13, 36; id. Rosc. Am. 6, 16 al.—A warrant, security for establishing a fact, assertion, etc., credibility:2.cum ea (justitia) sine prudentiā satis habeat auctoritatis,
Cic. Off. 2, 9, 34:desinant putare, auctoritatem esse in eo testimonio, cujus auctor inventus est nemo,
id. Fl. 22, 53:Quid vero habet auctoritatis furor iste, quem divinum vocatis?
id. Div. 2, 54, 110:tollitur omnis auctoritas somniorum,
id. ib. 2, 59, 123:cum ad vanitatem accessit auctoritas,
id. Lael. 25, 94.—Meton., the things which serve for the verification or establishment of a fact.a.A record, document:b.videt legationes, cum publicis auctoritatibus convenisse,
Cic. Verr. 1, 3, 7:nihil putas valere in judiciis civitatum auctoritates ac litteras,
id. ib. 2, 3, 62, § 146.—The name of a person who is security for something, authority:H.cum auctoritates principum conjurationis colligeret,
Cic. Sull. 13, 37:sed tu auctoritates contemnis, ratione pugnas,
id. N. D. 3, 4, 9.—Hence for the names of persons present at the drawing up of a decree of the senate:quod in auctoritatibus praescriptis exstat,
Cic. de Or. 3, 2, 5: Senatūs consultum, quod tibi misi, factum est auctoritatesque perscriptae, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8.—Right of possession (cf. auctor, II. F. 1.):J.lex usum et auctoritatem fundi jubet esse biennium,
Cic. Caecin. 19, 54:usūs auctoritas fundi biennium est,
id. Top. 4, 23; so id. Caecin. 26, 74; id. Har. Resp. 7; Lex Atin. ap. Gell. 17, 6; cf. Hugo, Rechtsgesch. p. 217 sq.—So in the laws of the XII. Tables: ADVERSVS. HOSTEM. AETERNA. AVCTORITAS., against a stranger the right of possession is perpetual (i. e. a stranger cannot, by prescription, obtain the right of possession to the property of a Roman), ap. Cic. Off. 1, 12, 37.—In jurid. lang., a guaranty, security, Paul. Sent. 2, 17.
См. также в других словарях:
The Market for Liberty — Cover of the hardback edition … Wikipedia
The Phantom of Liberty (film) — Infobox Film name = The Phantom of Liberty (Le Fantôme de la liberté) caption = director = Luis Buñuel producer = Serge Silberman Ulrich Picard writer = Luis Buñuel Jean Claude Carrière starring = Adriana Asti Julien Bertheau Jean Rochefort Jean… … Wikipedia
The Ethics of Liberty — Infobox Book | name = The Ethics of Liberty image caption = Paperback cover author = Murray N. Rothbard country = United States of America language = English genre = Political philosophy, Ethics publisher = New York University Press. New York,… … Wikipedia
The Spirit of Liberty Moon — Infobox Television episode | Title = The Spirit of Liberty Moon (Parts 1 2) Series = Touched by an Angel Season = 4 Episode = 26 Airdate = May 17, 1998 (CBS) Production = 426 Writer = Martha Williamson Director = Tim Van Patten Prev = Last Dance… … Wikipedia
The Limits of Liberty — Infobox Book name = The Limits of Liberty: American History 1607 1980 title orig = translator = image caption = author = Maldwyn A. Jones illustrator = cover artist = country = Great Britain language = English series = The Short Oxford History of … Wikipedia
Replicas of the Statue of Liberty — Several smaller replicas of the Statue of Liberty have been created worldwide.FranceTwo replicas of the Statue of Liberty are found in Paris, France. One stands in the Jardin du Luxembourg: this is a bronze model that Bartholdi used in designing… … Wikipedia
Origin of the name "Empire State" — Empire State redirects here. For other uses, see Empire State (disambiguation) … Wikipedia
The Prince (Pournelle) — The Prince is a science fiction compilation by Jerry Pournelle and S.M. Stirling. It is part of the CoDominium future history series. The Prince is a compilation of four previously published novels: Falkenberg s Legion , Prince of Mercenaries ,… … Wikipedia
Hail The Name Of Ghana — est un chant patriotique du Ghana. Texte anglais God bless our homeland Ghana, And make our nation great and strong, Bold to defend for ever The cause of Freedom and of Right; Fill our hearts with true humility, Make us cherish fearless honesty,… … Wikipédia en Français
Hail the name of ghana — est un chant patriotique du Ghana. Texte anglais God bless our homeland Ghana, And make our nation great and strong, Bold to defend for ever The cause of Freedom and of Right; Fill our hearts with true humility, Make us cherish fearless honesty,… … Wikipédia en Français
Hail the name of Ghana — est un chant patriotique du Ghana. Texte anglais God bless our homeland Ghana, And make our nation great and strong, Bold to defend for ever The cause of Freedom and of Right; Fill our hearts with true humility, Make us cherish fearless honesty,… … Wikipédia en Français